# data[].attributes.body
Ruby Bridges ( September 8, 1954 -) is an American civil rights activist. She was the first African- American child to desegregate the all- white William Frantz Elementary School in Louisiana during the New Orleans school desegregation crisis in 1960.

# data[].attributes.body
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013 was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election.

It always seems impossible until it's done.

Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.

There is no passion to be found playing small - in settling for a life that is less than the one you are capable of living

# data[].attributes.body
Rosa Parks(February 4, 1913-October 25,2005)was a american activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery bus boycott. Rosa was arrested in 1995 for refusing to give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. She was also arrested for a second time for breaking segregation laws. Rosa fought for equal rights for African Americans. Rosa was the first women lain in state at the U.S. capitol.

# data[].attributes.body
Treyvon Martin was a 17 year old African- American high school student who lived

# data[].attributes.body
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks was an American activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The United States Congress has called her "the first lady of civil rights" and "the mother of the freedom movement

# data[].attributes.body
George Washington Carver was a gifted, giving individual, born into slavery near the end of the Civil War and reared by German-American immigrants who treated him as one of their own.

Owing to a bout with whooping cough as an infant, George was left too weak to work in his master's fields. Instead, he roamed those fields, becoming knowledgeable about a wide variety of wildflowers and plants. Neighbors, hearing of his talents, brought him over to nurse a favorite plant back to health.

When the task was completed, the neighbors bade him to come to the kitchen. What greeted him was not payment, but something far more valuable — a number of awe-inspiring flower paintings. They so-impressed George that he decided to integrate artistry with his love of plants.

# data[].attributes.body
Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter and dancer. Dubbed the "King of Pop", he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century and one of the greatest entertainers of all time. Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion, along with his publicized personal life, made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.

# data[].attributes.body
Author Alex Haley (1921-1992) was best known for works depicting the struggles of African Americans. Raised in Henning, Tennessee, he began writing to help pass the time during his two decades with the U.S. Coast Guard. After conducting interviews with Malcolm X for Playboy magazine, he turned the material into his first book, “The Autobiography of Malcolm X” (1965).

V

# data[].attributes.body
Tupac Shakur, the son of two Black Panther members, William Garland and Afeni Shakur, was born in East Harlem, New York on June 16, 1971, and named after Jose Gabriel Tupac Amaru II, an 18th century political leader in Peru who was executed after leading a rebellion against Spanish rule. Tupac’s parents separated before he was born.  At the age of 12 Shakur performed in A Raisin in the Sun with the 127th Street Ensemble. Afeni and Tupac later moved to Baltimore, Maryland where he entered the prestigious Baltimore School for the Arts as a teenager.  While at the school, he began writing raps and poetry.  He also performed in Shakespearian plays and took a role in The Nutcracker.

# data[].attributes.body
MUSICIAN, SINGER-songwriter

b. 1942 – 1970. Jimi Hendrix is one of the most influential musicians ever known.he made one of the most complex songs and used the guitar and above that he composed music.Hendrix had so thoroughly changed musical perceptions that even jazz legends such as Miles Davis and Gil Evans were taking cues from him. He did the groundwork for every other jazz musician and they are inspired by his work. His live performances were at times distractingly sloppy and i think that this is the reason why he was different from the rest and the crazy part is that the people liked this style of music.

# data[].attributes.body
( 1954- ) Ruby Nell Bridges Hall is the first African American child to desegregate the all white William Frantz Elementry School in Louisiana 1960. Ruby and her mother walked every day with five US marshalls to school while angry white people would yell rascist slurs and threw things at her to leave the school. Groceried stores denied her mother and her father lost his job and her grandparents were evicted from their farm. Later on in the years more blacks attened the school. Ruby later on graduated from a desegregated high school and became a travel agent. Now she isa black activst and travels and talks to other schools about her experiance.

# data[].attributes.body
Guion Bluford, in full Guion Stewart Bluford, Jr., (born November 22, 1942, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.), astronaut who was the first African American launched into space. Bluford was one of 35 individuals selected in 1978 from 10,000 applicants in NASA’s first competition to become space shuttle astronauts.On August 30, 1983, he rode into Earth orbit on the shuttle orbiter Challenger; he subsequently flew on three additional shuttle missions between 1985 and 1992.

# data[].attributes.body
Muhammad Ali (1942-2016) was an american former heavyweight champion boxer on of the greatest sporting figures and an Olympic gold medalist nicknamed "The Greatest". Ali won 56 times in his 21 year professional career, he was also and activist and spoke out for the rights of African Americans, religions and politics. Muhammad Ali fought not only in the ring but in the world for civil rights.

"Don't count the days, make the days count."

"He who is not courageous enough to take risks will accomplish nothing in life."

# data[].attributes.body
Michelle Obama was the first African American first lady of the United States. Michelle Obama served (2009-2017) as the first lady. in they year 2016 Michelle Obama stared a global organization called Global Girls Alliance this program helps girls all over the world that don't have access to education. In 2010, she launched Let’s Move!, bringing together community leaders, educators, medical professionals, parents, and others in a nationwide effort to address the challenge of childhood obesity. Let’s Move! has an ambitious goal: to solve the epidemic of childhood obesity within a generation. Whether it’s providing healthier food in our schools, helping kids be more physically active, or urging companies to market healthier foods to our children, Let’s Move! is focused on giving parents the support they need to make healthier choices for their kids.
"There are still many causes worth sacrificing for, so much history yet to be made."

# data[].attributes.body
Sarah Breedlove, known as Madam C. J. Walker, was an African-American entrepreneur, philanthropist, and a political and social activist. Walker was considered to be the wealthiest African-American businesswoman and wealthiest self made woman in America at the time of her death in 1919

# data[].attributes.body
Ella Baker was an Civil rights leader she helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee. Ella became one of the leading figures of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950's and 60's.  Following her early work for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, she was among the founders of Dr. Martin Luther King's Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957. Three years later, she helped launch the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee. After decades of activism, Baker died in New York City in 1986.

# data[].attributes.body
Benjamin Oliver Davis Jr. was an American United States Air Force general and commander of the World War II Tuskegee Airmen. He was the first African-American general officer in the United States Air Force. On December 9, 1998, he was advanced to four-star general by President Bill Clinton.

# data[].attributes.body
Barack Obama was the 44th but first African American president in the United States. He was in office from 2009 to 2017. Before he became president he served as a senator in Illinois from 2005 to 2008. He made "Obama Care" which offered Americans affordable health insurance.  During his 8 years as president he made many changes, some people believe he even changed the way other countries look at the U.S.

"Change will not come if we wait for some other person or some other time. We are the ones we've been waiting for. We are the change that we seek".

# data[].attributes.body
James always thought his duty was to reveal the truth. He wanted to spread the truth about poverty , racism and inequality in the United States which still continues 25+ years after his death it still continues. He wrote a essay called The Creative Process, “a society must assume that it is stable, but the artist must know, and must let us know, that there is nothing stable under heaven.” and he also wrote" Go Tell It on the Mountain" in 1953 while aboard about the struggling of low income life. He also wrote a collection of essays entitled "The Fire Next Time" which represented black identity.

# data[].attributes.body
Angela Davis was a American political activist in the 1960ś, she was working with the Communist Party USA which was a group that believed everyone was equal. Davis joined the Black Panther Party during the civil rights movement. She was once fired because of her believe in communism, but fought and got her job back. In the 1970ś she was acquited with the soldedad brothers and spent 18 months in jail. Today in society she continues to give lectures at universities on issues regarding race, the criminal justice system and women rights

# data[].attributes.body
Louis Armstrong overcame poverty and was called one of the most influential or most important figure in Jazz history.

# data[].attributes.body
Civil rights leader and two-time Democratic presidential candidate, who became one of the most influential African-Americans of the late 20th century. Along side Martin Luther King Jr., they both worked to preach for African-American's rights, and was even there when King was assassinated. In 1971, Jackson pressed for employment opportunities that could genuinely benefit African-Americans. He also managed to negotiate the release of dozens of international hostages and prisoners. From 1984-1988, during the presidential campaigns, Jackson won 16 state contests and millions of votes, making him the first viable African-American candidate for president.

# data[].attributes.body
(1998-2018) known by many as xxxtentacion he has influenced many young minds and by his music he showed people that you can find light from the darkness. When he blew up his songs were very negative and did not show a positive message and before he was assassinated on June 18, 2018 he said that "if i die and am not able to see out my dreams i at least want to know that the kids perceive my message  and are able to make something of themselves and use my message and make it into something positive and at least have a good life" many people take his message and truly are influenced by him and do positives things and at least i know i was influenced by him to always be myself and think positive.  what made me truly respect his speech is that he also said "if i ever die i want to know that my life made at least 5 million kids happy".

# data[].attributes.body
Shirley Anita Chisholm was an American politician, educator, and author. In 1968, she became the first black woman elected to the United States Congress, and she represented New York's 12th congressional district for seven terms from 1969 to 1983

# data[].attributes.body
Annie Malone developed a method for straightening hair without damaging the hair or scalp. She had assistants who helped her sell products door to door. Once her Poro Method got off the ground and gained popularity, she founded Poro College, the first educational institution to focus on black cosmetology.

# data[].attributes.body
"Father of Pan-Africanism".William believed that people of African descent should work together to battle prejudice, inequality. In 1895, he became the first African American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard University. Du Bois wrote extensively and was the best known spokesperson for African-American rights during the first half of the 20th century. He co-founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (N.A.A.C.P.) in 1909.

# data[].attributes.body
He was one of the era's few African American explorers, and he may have been the first, black or white, to reach the North Pole. His grueling adventures alongside U.S. Navy engineer Robert E. Peary are chronicled in these dramatic early photo.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1966, Ali took part in speaking at college campuses sharing the same ideas as Martin Luther King . Stepping up and becoming a leader, in the time of the civil rights movement.

# data[].attributes.body
da B. Wells-Barnett (1862-1931)

Wells helped bring international attention to the horrors of lynching in the South with her investigative journalism. She was also elected as the Secretary of the Colored Press Association in 1889.

# data[].attributes.body
She was a former slave who escaped and then helped many more to escape on the Underground Railroad. During the Civil War, she served as spy and guide to the Union Forces – This included guided a party of soldiers at Combahee Ferry,  which helped free 700 slaves. "Every great dream begins with a dreamer. Always remember, you have within you the strength, the patience, and the passion to reach for the stars to change the world."

# data[].attributes.body
He brought dance and the beauty of black bodies to the fight for justice .
Fortunately for us, Alvin Ailey, the legendary modern dance pioneer, choreographer and civil rights artist-as-activist, left us his answers. Although Ailey died nearly 30 years ago, many of his best-known pieces have become as emblematic of vibrant, relevant American art as tap dance, jazz, the literature of Toni Morrison and hip-hop. Ailey explored issues of social justice, racism and spirituality in the African-American experience.

# data[].attributes.body
Malcolm X , the activist and outspoken public voice of the Black Muslim faith, challenged the mainstream civil-rights the nonviolent pursuit of integration championed by Martin Luther King Jr. He urged followers to defend themselves against white aggression “by any means necessary.

# data[].attributes.body
was born into slavery from 1791-1897 but she escaped and became one of the most noted African - Amferican women speaks on issues of civil rights and abolition. She was a striking presence and used her powerful oratory to awaken the conscience of America to the injustice of slavery and discrimination.

# data[].attributes.body
African-American abolitionist and women’s rights campaigner. In 1851, she gave a famous extemporaneous speech “Ain’t I a woman?” which supported equal rights for blacks and women.

# data[].attributes.body
Shirley (1924- 2005) The first black Congresswomen. She was elected to the House of Representatives for NY in 1968. She used her time in Congress to campaign for women's and civil rights. She served from 1968 to 1983 and was the first black women to run for the Democratic Presidential nomination.

"When mortality comes up against profit, it is seldom that profits loses."
" The emotional, sexual, and psychological stereotyping of females begins when the doctor says: "It's a girl." "if they don't give you a seat at the table, bring a folding chair."

# data[].attributes.body
Mae Carol Jemison is an American engineer, physician and NASA astronaut. She became the first African American woman to travel in space when she went into orbit aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour on September 12, 1992.

# data[].attributes.body
W.E.B Du Bois was an influential African-American activist who sought to campaign for full equality between blacks and whites. Du Bois laid the framework for the NAACP and future civil rights movements.  famous for being the foremost black leader during the first half of the twentieth century, opposing racism and fighting for the civil rights of African Americans.

# data[].attributes.body
Mandela spent most of his life campaigning for an end to apartheid in South Africa. After over 20 years in prison, he was released andh was able to be the first elected President in post-apartheid, South Africa. He was also admired for his forgiveness and willingness to reach out to the white community in South Africa.

# data[].attributes.body
Hattie McDaniel was an American stage actress, professional singer-songwriter, and comedian. Shes well known for her role as "Mammy" in Gone with the Wind, for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, the first Academy Award won by an African American entertainer.

# data[].attributes.body
At the age of 15 years old Constance was intrigued with civil rights. In 1944 she became the first African American woman to be accepted into Columbia Law School. Motley worked for the Legal Defense Fund while she obtaining her degree, which she received in 1946. She played a major role in the legal preparation for the 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education case and was the first black women to argue a case before the United States Supreme Court.

# data[].attributes.body
Jack Roosevelt Robinson was an American professional baseball player who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball in the modern era. Robinson broke the baseball color line when the Brooklyn Dodgers started him at first base on April 15, 1947

# data[].attributes.body
A former slave, Douglass became a leading image in the anti-slavery movement. One of the most famous African American leaders of the Nineteenth Century. His autobiography of life as a slave, and his speeches denouncing slavery – were influential in changing public opinion.

# data[].attributes.body
Harriet Tubman was a Nurse and a Civil Rights Activist. She is best known for being the leader of the Underground Railroad. Harriet's life as a slave was very difficult. She had to live in a one bed room with her family; eleven children! She had been loaned out to take care of another baby and she would get beaten and only fed table scraps. In 1849 Harriet decided to escape. She would use the Underground Railroad. After a long and scary trip she made it to Pennsylvania and was finally free. In 1850 she became a conductor and helped slaves and her family to get to Canada. After all that she did not stop there she became a Nurse for the Civil War. Later after the War she lived in New York with her family and spoke out on equal rights fro blacks and women.

"Every great dream begins with a dreamer.
Always remember, you have within you the strength, the patience, and the passion to reach for the stars to change the world."
-Harriet Tubman

# data[].attributes.body
Susan B. Anthony was the leader of a woman suffrage group. She traveled around the world delivering speeches. She formed the National Woman Suffrage Association to give women the right to vote.

"Men, their rights, and nothing more; women, their rights, and nothing less."

# data[].attributes.body
Mary Jane McLeod Bethune was an American educator, stateswoman, philanthropist, humanitarian, and civil rights activist best known for starting a private school for African-American students in Daytona Beach, Florida and co-founding UNCF on April 25, 1944 with William Trent and Frederick D. Patterson.

"Without faith, nothing is possible. With it, nothing is impossible.

Invest in the human soul. Who knows, it might be a diamond in the rough.

The whole world opened to me when I learned to read."

# data[].attributes.body
A poet, writer, singer and civil rights activist. Through her writing and activism, Angelou was an advocate for not only African Americans but for women.
“Still I Rise”
“You may shoot me with your words,

You may cut me with your eyes,

You may kill me with your hatefulness,

But still, like air, I’ll rise.”

# data[].attributes.body
Pele is the most iconic footballer of the Twentieth Century. He epitomize the flair, joy and passion the Brazilians bought to the game.

Pele was born Edson Arantes do Nascimento on 23 October 1940 in Três Corações, Minas Gerais, Brazil. He was named after the American inventor Thomas Edison.

# data[].attributes.body
Claudette Colvin is an American nurse and was a pioneer of the Civil Rights Movement. On March 2, 1955, she was arrested at the age of 15 in Montgomery, Alabama for refusing to give up her seat to a white woman on a crowded, segregated bus.