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1. The French and Indian War

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2. Taxes and Duties

The British witnessed these tensions first-hand when the Stamp Act of 1765 was introduced. Colonists bitterly opposed the new direct taxation on printed materials and forced the British Government to eventually repeal the legislation a year later.

“No taxation without representation” became an iconic slogan, as it effectively summarized the colonial outrage at the fact they were being taxed against their will and with no form of representation in Parliament. After the Stamp Act came the introduction of Townshend Duties in 1767 and 1768 – a series of acts that imposed new forms of indirect taxation of goods such as glass, paint, paper, lead and tea. These duties caused outrage in the colonies and became the main root of spontanoeus and violent opposition. Encouraged and rallied by propaganda leaflets and posters, such as those created by Paul Revere, colonists rioted and organized merchant boycotts. Eventually, the colonial response was met with fierce repression.

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4. Boston Tea Party (1773)

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5. Intolerable Acts (1774)

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6. King George III’s Speech to Parliament (1775)

On 26 October 1775 George III, King of Great Britain, stood up in front of his Parliament and declared the American colonies to be in a state of rebellion. Here, for the first time, the use of force was authorised against the rebels. The King’s speech was long but certain phrases made it clear that a major war against his own subjects was about to commence: After such a speech, the Whig position was silenced and a full-scale war was inevitable. From it the United States of America would emerge, and the course of history radically changed.

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3. Boston Massacre, 1770

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Independent History: Unbought & Unbossed

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6 Major Causes of the America Revolution