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November 13, 1460                                                  Prince Henry the navigator dies

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November 13, 1460                                                  Prince Henry the navigator dies

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He had died from natural causes. His largest accomplishment was founding the navigation school on the coast of Portugal.

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1488 The Portuguese navigator Bartolomeu Dias reached the southern tip of Africa in 1488 and named it the Cape of Good Hope (Portuguese: Cabo da Boa Esperança). 

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1488 The Portuguese navigator Bartolomeu Dias reached the southern tip of Africa in 1488 and named it the Cape of Good Hope (Portuguese: Cabo da Boa Esperança). 

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The first European settlement in southern Africa was established in 1652 by the Dutch East India Company at Table Bay, 30 miles (48 km) north of the cape.

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October 12th 1492             Christopher Columbus reaches the Americas for the first time 

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October 12th 1492             Christopher Columbus reaches the Americas for the first time 

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The Italian explorer Christopher Columbus officially set foot in the Americas, and claimed the land for Spain.

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(June 7, 1494)  Treaty of Tordesillas signed

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(June 7, 1494)  Treaty of Tordesillas signed

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In 1492, Columbus sailed for Spain. Then, he convinces the Spanish to support his voyage to Asia. He reaches the Americas instead and starts exploration and colonization. In 1493, Pope Alexander VI divides those lands between Spain and Portugal. In order to make this possible, the Treaty of Tordesillas was signed in 1494. This treaty divided the land between Spain and Portugal so that each side owns some of the lands.

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John Cabot reach's and claim's 'Newfoundland', or modern-day Canada, 1497.

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John Cabot reach's and claim's 'Newfoundland', or modern-day Canada, 1497.

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About one year after sailing, Italian navigator and explorer John Cabot lands on what would be today's Canada and parts of the USA, and would claim it for England. This is important as more land leads to power and money for England, both of which are important.

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(May 14, 1497) Amerigo Vespucci’s voyage where he saw the rivers Rio de Janeiro and Rio de la Plata and suggested that there was another continent.

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(May 14, 1497) Amerigo Vespucci’s voyage where he saw the rivers Rio de Janeiro and Rio de la Plata and suggested that there was another continent.

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On his third and best voyage, he found what is now known as Rio de Janeiro and Rio de la Plata. Thinking that he had discovered a new continent, he referred to South America as the New World. In 1507, America was named after him.

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Vasco da Gama arrives in Calicut, India, 1498.

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Vasco da Gama arrives in Calicut, India, 1498.

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After one year of sailing, Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama reached India. This is important because it establish's a new trade route, along with a new country to trade with, that has new and exotic items to trade for.

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1519                                                  Cortes lands in Mexico        

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1519                                                  Cortes lands in Mexico        

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The Spanish conquistador led an expedition to present-day Mexico, landing in 1519. Although the Spanish forces numbered some 500 men, they managed to capture Aztec Emperor Montezuma II. The city later revolted, forcing Cortés and his men to retreat.

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Jamestown Colony is founded in Virginia, 1607.

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Jamestown Colony is founded in Virginia, 1607.

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Colonizers from England landed in what would be modern-day Virginia, and found the town/colony of Jamestown, named after King James I. This is important because it gives England more land and an ability to benefit from the new items they could trade with the Old World, like new kinds of foods, and other things.

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Samuel de Champlain founds Quebec, Canada, 1608.

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Samuel de Champlain founds Quebec, Canada, 1608.

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French cartographer and navigator Samuel de Champlain established Quebec, one of the oldest cities in modern-day Canada. This is important because it claims land in another continent for France, which was struggling with getting a grip on the trade in Asia, but now had an advantage when it came to fur trade in the Americas.

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April 22nd, 1500 - Pedro Alvares Cabral Claims Brazil for Portugal

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April 22nd, 1500 - Pedro Alvares Cabral Claims Brazil for Portugal

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Pedro Cabral arrived in what is now known as Brazil. He was nice to the natives, however he still took over the land and claimed it as belonging to Portugal.

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1624 - Dutch West India Company Founds New Amsterdam

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1624 - Dutch West India Company Founds New Amsterdam

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In 1624, the Dutch West India Company formed the colony of New Netherland. They made a small settlement which grew bigger over time. This settlement was eventually named New Amsterdam. In 1626 the land would be officially bought by Peter Minuit from the Manhattan Native Americans. This land would later be taken over by the English, and would be renamed to New York.

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November 1532 Pizarro captured the Incas emperor Atahualpa at the Battle of Cajamarca in November 1532.

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November 1532 Pizarro captured the Incas emperor Atahualpa at the Battle of Cajamarca in November 1532.

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(1534) Jacques Cartier sails on the St Lawrence River 

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(1534) Jacques Cartier sails on the St Lawrence River 

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French navigator Jacques Cartier was ordered by King Francis I of France to go to the northern lands to find gold, spices, and a northern route to Asia. When traveling, he went with 2 ships and 61 men. After sailing for 20 days, he arrived and explored the west coast in Newfoundland.

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French navigator Jacques Cartier sailed into the St. Lawrence River for the first time on June 9, 1534.

Commissioned by King Francis I of France to explore the northern lands in search of gold, spices, and a northern passage to Asia, Cartier's voyages underlay France's claims to Canada.

Born in 1491 in the coastal village of Saint-Malo, France, Jacques Cartier was an experienced navigator familiar with the routes that Breton fishermen followed to the New World. In command of the king's 1534 expedition, Cartier set sail from France on April 20, 1534, with two ships and sixty-one men.

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French navigator Jacques Cartier sailed into the St. Lawrence River for the first time on June 9, 1534. Commissioned by King Francis I of France to explore the northern lands in search of gold, spices, and a northern passage to Asia, Cartier's voyages underlay France's claims to Canada.

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In 1513, while leading an expedition in search of gold, he sighted the Pacific Ocean. 

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In 1513, while leading an expedition in search of gold, he sighted the Pacific Ocean. 

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Balboa claimed the ocean and all of its shores for Spain, opening the way for later Spanish exploration and conquest along the western coast of South America.

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In September 1519, Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships. Three years later only one ship, the Victoria (depicted on a 1590 map), made it back to Spain after circumnavigating the world.

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In September 1519, Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships. Three years later only one ship, the Victoria (depicted on a 1590 map), made it back to Spain after circumnavigating the world.

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(1540?) Francisco Coronado explores what is not the American Southwest

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(1540?) Francisco Coronado explores what is not the American Southwest

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The Spanish governor Francisco Coronado went on an adventure into the southwest United States. His journey was inspired/promoted by stories of false tales and money. He was originally looking for the Seven Cities of Gold. He actually never found the cities of gold, but instead found new areas that weren’t explored by Europeans before.

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April 1610                                                                     Henry Hudson's last voyage

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April 1610                                                                     Henry Hudson's last voyage

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On Hudson's final voyage from England in April 1610 to find a northwest passage through the North American continent, he found a large body of water that he thought was the Pacific Ocean.

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May 1539 - Hernando de Soto Arrived in Florida

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May 1539 - Hernando de Soto Arrived in Florida

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In May 1539, Hernando de Soto and his 700 men arrived on the coast of Florida. He slowly moved northward, guided by natives whom he kidnapped. He didn't find the gold he was looking for, but he found other sometimes valuable things.