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Social factors affecting business include buying habits, education level, and religion. Two examples of the impact these factors have on leading companies.

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What are the likely implications of Brexit on the UK retail industry? | Crowe UK

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Jeremy Cooper, Head of Retails outlines the key areas retailers need to prepare for the post-Brexit world, along with the implications on businesses immediately.

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Gemma Shiel Lazy Oaf

There are offices, and then there is Gemma Shiel's London office. Crammed full of Disney memorabilia and covered in pictures of photoshoots, the Muppets and cartoon burgers, the founder of young fashion brand Lazy Oaf describes it as "like the inside of my mind".

It has been 15 years since Lazy Oaf first started life as a market stall in Spitalfields, east London, selling tongue-in-cheek men's T-shirts. Known for its bright, bubble-gum aesthetic, the brand - whose motto is #keepingitweirdsince2001 - now has a cult following.

Asos is Lazy Oaf's biggest partner in the UK and it has 130 international stockists, including US etailer Dolls Kill and highly regarded Parisian concept store Colette.

Shiel has been busy expanding Lazy Oaf's product range during 2016. She launched swimwear in May, which retails from £45 for bikini sets and £60 for swimming costumes with the brand's trademark humour in shark, watermelon and cat prints.

Beyond a joke

Shielgraduated in 2001 with a degree in textile design from Nottingham Trent University and initially struggled to find a place in an industry that did not know quite what to make of her designs.

"I went to see quite a few different agencies after I finished my course, and most of them said they loved what I was doing - that it was really funny - but they didn't know what to do with me," she says.

"When I was still at university, I was creating children's-book style illustrations, which I then put on T-shirts. My mum handed me a leaflet for Spitalfields Market, and suggested I print more T-shirts and sell them there, so that's how it started."

Lazy Oaf might be an unusual name, but Shiel admits it could have been worse: "It was a toss-up between calling the brand Fat Trucker or Lazy Oaf. I felt it summed up my style of drawing, which is quite loose, and all my references at the time were about trash culture: junk food and TV."

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Despite starting life as a menswear label, womenswear, which was launched in 2002, now makes up around 80% of the business. Menswear is still part of Lazy Oaf and the brand also makes a range of accessories.

After running the business from a market stall for five years, Shiel moved into multi-brand store Our Shop in London's Kingly Court, off Carnaby Street. When the other labels at the store decided to leave, she was forced to take a chance on Lazy Oaf's first standalone store.

"As a stroke of luck, a unit on the ground floor of Kingly Court became available. It was about three times more rent than I was paying, and I had to do it all on my own, but I just bit the bullet and opened the first Lazy Oaf own-brand store. I had faith in the product and I knew it was selling well for me."

Berlin calling

Lazy Oaf moved to nearby Fouberts Place in 2009, and then to Ganton Street - which remains its only standalone store - in 2013. Instore and online sales make up 50% of the business, and wholesale makes up the other half. Shiel will not reveal turnover figures but says combined sales from the store, pop-ups and ecommerce are up 50% year on year and international wholesale sales are up 68% over the same period.

European trade shows have been key to creating a successful brand.

"The first time I really felt we'd got somewhere was my first Berlin show, Bread & Butter in 2004. That was the first time we had brands I'd heard of but never met coming on the stand and saying, 'Hmm, this is quite good.' That was when we jumped up a level."

The collaborations really happened by accident

Marina Jiménez, founder of Spanish retailer and Lazy Oaf stockist Miss Kleckley, feels "great affection" towards the brand: "It's one of our top performers. The way it's grown over the past 15 years is a definite inspiration. Lazy Oaf sets the trends rather than follows them."

Innovative collaborations and thoughtful character licences have helped Lazy Oaf to become a trendsetter. Both are now an important part of the business and Shiel aims to produce one licensed collection and one more "left field" collaboration each year, which has included US etailer Nasty Gal and - less obviously - viral cartoon series Don't Hug Me I'm Scared.

It was all born from a personal desire for some Batman printed leggings.

"The collaborations really happened by accident. The first one was a Batman collection of men's and women's wear in 2012, which we did because I wanted some leggings with the Batman motif and didn't think I'd get away with making them without permission," explains Shiels.

"It wasn't something anyone else was doing at the time, so we approached Warner Bros. It came out just before one of the new films [ The Dark Knight Rises] and was an instant sell-out. We had to re-run a lot of designs, we were on the front page of newspapers and dresses were going for hundreds of pounds on eBay."

Now flooded with offers, Shiel now has to think carefully about whether a potential licence fits with Lazy Oaf: "It has to tick the following boxes - Is it weird? Is it niche? Will our customer love it? And who else is doing it? If lots of people are doing it, then usually we wouldn't touch it."

I always want to have something in my ranges that will fit everyone

Rules, however, are made to be broken. This year's much-hyped collaboration is with entertainment giant Disney, which in 2016 alone has worked with Marc Jacobs, Kate Spade, Primark and Zara.

"As a team, it was contentious because it is such a commercial brand and everybody has done something with Disney. You can pick up something from Tesco with a Disney character on it, so what else is there to do with it that's different from the market?

"Having said all that, I'm a massive Disney fan and because it's Lazy Oaf's 15 th birthday, I wanted to do something that was really personal to me."

The inspiration with many of Lazy Oaf's products comes from Shiel's childhood and teenage years in the 1990s: "With the swimwear, for example, I thought no one was doing fun bikinis. I thought it would be fun to almost go back to the swimming togs I had as a kid. It's now a permanent part of our product range and we'll be doing another collection for summer 17."

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Shiel now has her sights set on a range of lingerie and nightwear, which she says the brand will try to "squeeze in" for autumn 17.

Land of the rising sun

Another source of inspiration is Japan, where Lazy Oaf is fast growing an even more devoted following than its UK fan base. The brand worked with Japanese boutique Delta on a pop-up in street fashion capital Harajuku last October - a "pinch me" moment for Shiel.

"We had crazy fans turn up that wanted to meet me. People queued up to give me presents and quite a few were crying, which was totally surreal. I'm not Beyoncé, but I felt like I was for a minute."

Lazy Oaf is returning to Japan this month for another pop-up and two shop-in-shops. A permanent store in the country is a long-term goal.

"There's always been a dream to have a store in Tokyo. In a small way we're achieving it and one day we'll get there. The demand is definitely there and that's something we're building towards."

Inclusivity on price and fit are an important to Shiel, who says she felt excluded by some high street retailers when she was growing up: "We generally pass around a garment for everybody to try on at Lazy Oaf, especially if it's one size only, so we can see what it looks like on someone who is 5 ft and size 8 or somebody who is 5ft 11 and a 16. I always want to have something in my ranges that will fit everyone, so you can come to Lazy Oaf and come away with something."

Lazy Oaf takes a similar approach to price, although the brand does sit towards the top of end of the high street.

"We always have some complaints that the brand is too expensive, because it's mid to high prices, but I always make sure there's plenty in the range that's affordable," Shiel says.

"The highest price point is about £160 for a winter coat, which isn't unreasonable, but we have a customer base from 14 to 30, so there will be some who don't understand where Lazy Oaf comes from and that we can't manufacture 10,000 of one T-shirt to get it at to you at £9.99."

Having nailed a quirky product offer, Shiel is now focusing on "stepping it up to the next stage of the business". Paul Humphrey, who was previously at Dr Martens, joined as general manager earlier this year to look after the commercial arm of Lazy Oaf, leaving Shiel free to concentrate on being creative director and doing most of the design work.

"I would really like to open small stores in key terrorities, so customers can get the experience they get in our Carnaby store all over the world - in New York, in Seoul, in Tokyo. We're working out how to make that happen - Paul is plotting out the next five years. We're on the road to bigger and better things - maybe even world domination."

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The Drapers Interview: How Gemma Shiel built Lazy Oaf into a serious business

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Gemma Shiel Lazy Oaf There are offices, and then there is Gemma Shiel's London office. Crammed full of Disney memorabilia and covered in pictures of photoshoots, the Muppets and cartoon burgers, the founder of young fashion brand Lazy Oaf describes it as "like the inside of my mind".

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About - Lazy Oaf You must be logged in before you can use the wishlist! Return any item, or exchange for a different size within 60 days of receipt. Simply fill in the returns form and post item back to us. Ensure goods are unused, in original packaging, with all labels attached.

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The retail industry is everywhere. Literally. You don't have to walk down the street to your favorite shop anymore. Just turn on your smartphone and start shopping online.

With the help of technology, retail is one of those industries that can survive post-economic destruction. It's always there, even when buyers don't have the funds to buy their products.

But just like every other industry, the retail sector is affected by the six principles of PESTLE/PESTLE analysis. Here's what you need to know.

Political factors: Anti-trust issues

The revenue and profitability of any retail store are affected by government policies. These regulations impact the economy, consumer buying habits, and international trade laws. The only thing left for the company to do about these changes is abide by them.

Each country must abide by their political regulations. The regulations affect which products can be imported, exported, and sold in stores. Stores offering food products must comply with health guidelines proposed by the government. If they don't, not only will the food by pulled from the shelves, but it could also lead to legal troubles for the company.

It's not only physical retail stores under scrutiny. We've seen shifts in how e-commerce retail leaders operate over the last few years. Antitrust issues and data breaches are causing the government to look into how data is stored, used, and shared. This affects the retail industry, particularly big names like Wal-Mart and , who provide products online.

When retail stores branch into other countries, they need to abide by the policies in that country too. In some cases, this can be beneficial. But if the country's political parties are fickle, it can easily turn into a problem.

Economic factors: Nearly $30 trillion dollars in a couple more years

A stronger economy allows consumers to buy products they want. Rather than just buying products they only need. It also means more investors are becoming interested in the profitability offered by retail stores. This is only possible when the economy is on the rise.

When it's on the decline, the opposite is true. People save their money for products of necessity. They'll spend the bare minimum on food while the rest goes towards unpaid bills. This can happen when unemployment rates spike. Or when a certain industry is hit harder than others.

The retail industry was able to hold itself up even during the recession. It's one of the few industries who managed to scrape through. By 2020, the industry may see global sales nearing $30 trillion. Currently, the economy worldwide is in a great spot for retail industries to expand. Customers have more disposable income to spend on friverous products.

However, if the economy is poor, it doesn't matter how many products are offered. Because no one can afford or justify the purchases. Unless the retail corporations react accordingly (cutting prices), they'll suffer profit loss.

Social factors: Buying in bulk and collecting endless data

Consumer preferences are the main social factors affecting the retail industry. For instance, people enjoy buying products in bulk. This is the exact premise behind CostCo, a Canadian retailer. Here you can find food products, clothing, and electronics, in large quantities. Stores other than CostCo now mass stock various products to avoid running out quickly.

These products aren't bought by retailers on a whim. They use market research to identify buying trends and shifts in consumer behavior. Understanding these two things helps to find items more likely to boost profits.

Retailers who offer products online can collect data provided by their customers. They can easily see which products people are buying, leaning towards, or completely ignoring. Then, they shape their offerings based on this data. It's a never-ending process.

Companies set targeted ads to customers most likely to visit their stores and buy from them. Larger retailers can achieve this easier than mom and pop shops. But even smaller shops can benefit from offering discounts and sales on products. All consumers love a good deal.

Technological factors: A digital catalogue for easy browsing

Retail stores use a variety of technology everyday. Like a point of sales system. As well as cash registers to manage money after a sale. It's standard for any store. As technology advances, stores are adopting new systems, software, and hardware. For instance, smaller stores are making the shift to computers or iPads at the register. It's fast and easy to use.

The retail industry has greatly benefited because of the internet. Not only to streamline services, but also to reach audiences worldwide. Most companies have a business website. It's basically a digital catalogue for their products. Big name companies are able to offer a selection online. The products are either shipped to the customers' home or the closest store for pickup.

Amazon and Walmart are going head-to-head. Each company offers retail products online, to be sold and shipped. Other small name companies can't compete on the same scale. That doesn't mean they should avoid having a business website or showcase their products online. It just means they don't have the means to meet the same demands as the bigger retailers.

Environmental factors: Contamination and blockchain technology

More retail shops are offering food products. The state of the environment affects the quality of the product and the selection. It also means having to abide by more economic and political factors. For instance, corporations fear a "soda" tax; it's an increased tax for selling soda in stores. Likewise, some shops in other countries have to pay a tax for offering fatty foods.

And what about food contamination?

Once a food, like lettuce, has E.coli, every store needs to toss out their lettuce. This is costly for the companies. But now some stores like Walmart are looking to use blockchain technology. It would allow farmers and manufacturers to input information about food products in real-time. And should a problem arise, Walmart could find the source immediately. Rather than spending weeks trying to locate where the contamination started.

If other companies used this, they would know whether their lettuce is truly contaminated. Because when contamination happens, every store in the chain has to get rid of the product. Whether their food is actually contaminated or not. Because we just don't know.

We also can't forget about environmental issues inside of the stores either. All retail stores need to meet the environmental requirements for consumer and employee safety. This is set by the government. It's non-negotiable.

Legal factors:

A retail store needs to meet legislative conditions before opening the shop. These conditions are often standard. It includes abiding by taxation laws, labor laws, and more. Legal factors become trickier once the company expands overseas or offers products online. Then the international laws come into play. As does data and copyright laws.

Not following these laws exactly as outlined will lead to legal troubles like bankruptcy and foreclosure. It's important to understand the laws long before the store is open for business. And as the retailer grows, new legislative laws come into effect.

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PESTEL/PESTLE Analysis of The Retail Industry

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The retail industry is everywhere. Literally. You don't have to walk down the street to your favorite shop anymore. Just turn on your smartphone and start shopping online. With the help of technology, retail is one of those industries that can survive post-economic destruction.

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Men's and Women's Independent Streetwear I Lazy Oaf

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Lazy Oaf create irreverent streetwear clothing for men and women, inspired by youth nostalgia, teenage rebellion and a spirit of non-conformity.

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Published:

Disclaimer: This essay has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional essay writers.

Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of UK Essays.

Introduction

The report will consist of different aspect of factors to consider for moving the plant into Turkey. The area which will be covered will be the PESTLE analysis along side with the Porter's Diamond and also an analysis on the cultural factors.

PESTLE Analysis for Turkey

Political

One of the current political strengths in Turkey is that their government have policies on liberalisation. Turkey is supporters of liberal trade and investment policies which allow open trade between different countries in the EU. Turkey forged a custom union agreement in 1996 to allow many Turkish firms to get bigger and more successful in the global economy. Exports have been rising on average at a rate of 10% every year and this will allow the fashion industry to flourish with the exports produced in the Turkish plant.

One of the current political challenges in Turkey is the series of violent terrorist attacks that have happened in the country due to Islamic extremist, Kurdish radicals, Turkish militants that may have link with Al-Qaeda. This is a disadvantage for bringing the plant to Turkey as it may be targeted by these terrorist.

Economy

One of the current economic strengths in Turkey is that there is a high flow of foreign investment coming from abroad. The investment plays apart in Turkey's speedy expansion and this has been driving the country's economic growth. In Turkey there is a privatisation program planned to start from 2008 that will allow the sale of major bridges, highways, electricity grids and a share in the partly commercial bank. The money generated from foreign investment will be used for expanding the infrastructure of the country; this will be an advantage for bringing the plant into Turkey as the Turkish economy will be in growth and to bring the plant here will only benefit the company and the fashion industry.

One of the current economic challenges in Turkey is the current account deficit for Turkey. The declining current account has been was delayed the economic stability. The import market has seen a quick rise as an outcome of increased global commodity prices and a sturdy Turkish lira. Turkey is even more vulnerable during times of global financial doubt. This will be a disadvantage for bringing in the plant into Turkey as it the company may need to relocate if there is a financial crisis which may happen with Turkey.

Social System

One of the social system strengths in Turkey is that they have growing proportion of young population as they have more than half the population being aged below 30. This will allow Turkey to increase their employment rate by getting the most out of the young labour force. This is an advantage for the plant being brought into Turkey as shows there is a healthy supply of young population willing to work so the company could create jobs for these people.

One of the social system challenges in Turkey is that they have a high level of unemployment. Turkey unemployment level rose by 38,000 in that year to 2.3 million in 2007 but then in 2008 it rose again by 737,000 from the previous year so this shows that there was a substantial increase from the previous year. This is a disadvantage to bring in plant into Turkey due to the high level of unemployment as they may not be skilled workers in the pool of unemployed people. There is another side to this where it can become an advantage by hiring these unemployed and training them to work sufficiently for the company.

Technological

One of the technological strength's in Turkey is the significant development in the ICT sector. During 2001-2007, Turkey's ICT sector expanded so rapidly it expanded by double-digits so that shows that it was a very successful growth. In 2007, Turkey's ICT market reached $24 billion and in the previous year it reached $21 billion so this shows that in a space of one year the market grew by $3 billion which is a very substantial amount of money. The reason for this sharp increase is due to the Turkish telecommunications sector as they have been privatised by the government. This is an advantage for the plant being brought into Turkey as this will attract more foreign investment project as well as creating more jobs for the people of Turkey.

One of the current technological challenges in Turkey is the low expenditure cost on the research and development. Turkey's research and development cost in 2006 was around 0.6% which is below the average of the European countries which are at an average of 2.3%.This is an disadvantage for bringing in the plant into Turkey as there is not that much investment being put into the Turkish research and development, they will need investment from both the private and public sector because the country will need to have a healthily amount of investment in order to grow into a country which is in the EU. In the future is the research and development cost are still low then this will erode and stop the competitiveness of different industries in Turkey which will be bad for the long run.

Legal

One of the legal strength's in Turkeys is the comprehensive legal structure they have. The judicial system is made up of general courts which deal with domestic cases, heavy penal courts which deal with more serious case, military courts which will deal with the military cases and the Constitutional Court which is the highest level of courts that will deal with many different cases which is essential in the Turkish government such as war crimes. This is an advantage for the plant being brought into Turkey as this shows that the Turkish government are strict on the law and will enforce the law if need be, it will allow the company to have a fair trial if any form of disruption were to come up such as trade union issues that would cause the company any serious problems.

Another legal advantage in Turkey would be the robust framework for the business entities, as the company who are looking to invest into Turkey will not need to go through a very long and lengthy business registration process as there is a freedom to start, operate and close a business by the Turkish regulatory environment. so for example in Turkey, it will take on average 6 day to starting up a business compared to 43 days in the other world countries which is a much longer time and could be beneficial for the type of market the company is involved with. As the fashion industry clothe range change very often and will need to be able to adapt quickly if the plant is being brought over to Turkey.

One of the current legal challenges in Turkey is the judicial inefficiencies as there are some delays in the Turkish judicial system which can cause some serious issues. There are also judges who are politically biased and this has affected legal outcome. This is a disadvantage for bringing in the plant into Turkey as there may be a decision made against the company if ever in a legal battle as the judges may not have an unbiased view of the case but in fact have a biased view according to the political situation at the time.

Environmental

One of the environmental strength's in Turkeys is the prosperous biodiversity they have. Turkey has a very affluent natural resource base and has ranked ninth on biodiversity in the European countries. Examples of the type of biodiversity they have are not only a range of wild species but important domestic species such as wheat, lentils, chickpeas, pears, apple, chestnut and pistachios. The biodiversity has a very great potential for the development for Turkey and this is an advantage for the plant being brought into Turkey as this will materials such as cotton to be grown in Turkey and used in the plant so the material will be home grown and will have a cheaper price and there will be more jobs created for the company involved in cotton picking.

One of the current environmental challenges in Turkey is the high pollution levels and the global warming being caused from the pollution levels. The water treatment facilities, wastewater treatment equipment and solid waste management in Turkey needs urgent attention as there is high level of environmental pollution as the is an increase in chemical and detergent overflow and this rises in the air and can cause severe illness to people who inhale especially in urban areas. The air pollution has increased over the past since 1990s and is the air pollution is quite severe in the capital of Turkey, Ankara and other city such as Istanbul. Smog in these cities is due to the increasing number use of cars. Also there is a lot of industrial air pollution from power plants and facilities used by the fertilizer, cement and sugar industries which don't have the flirtation equipment needed to filter out the pollution. Turkey loses out on approximately one billion tons of topsoil annually and this has an increasingly level of environmental pollution and that could harm the people and economy of Turkey.

The air pollution is a disadvantage for bringing in the plant into Turkey as there many form of pollution in Turkey which are harmful and could affect the environmental value our company holds and the &lsquo;green' credential which many of our customers may consider before doing business with our company. Also the disadvantage is that the contribution to global warming where there are so many efforts to reduce the green house gas but Turkish government should invest into becoming green so that it could become a cleaner environment also it may need to cut down on the pollution level as they are in the EU and will have to meet the pollution level they have planned to cut to.

PESTLE linked to Porter's Diamond

Turkey's political strength that links to the Porter's diamond would be how the Turkish government are creating new legislation to help the industry and different companies to grow and foreign investment to improve and make it better for Turkey as a national advantage.

Turkey's economical strength that links to the Porter's diamond would be how they are making the market more demanding by stimulating foreign investment to make them more competitive for different industries and companies so it will benefit Turkey as a national advantage.

Turkey's social strength that links to the Porter's diamond would be how the Turkish have a growing proportion of young population which the Turkish government can use to create new job by encouraging and training them up to have new skills and qualified to work in different sectors and this will be a national advantage for having a very skilful workforce.

Turkey's technological strength that links to the Porter's diamond would be how the Turkish government are improving the ICT sector so not only is it modern but its structure would benefit Turkey and support different industries to enable them to achieve their optimum so that will be a national advantage that benefit Turkey.

Turkey's legal strength that links to the Porter's diamond would be how they have created a strict system for the courts which is there to keep companies and people within the law that Turkey have set out to help them grow so that would be a national advantage.

Turkey's environmental strength that links to the Porter's diamond would be how they have a good biodiversity and have a rich resource to different material used for various industries and the Turkish government are trying to maintain this biodiversity and creating job in the process so that it can supply to different countries and for Turkey this will be a national advantage.

Cultural issues to be considered

There are cultural issues that need to be considered before bringing the plant over to Turkey. There three main issues in Turkey would be religion, location and gender equality.

Turkey's main religion is Islam and it is heavily influenced in the many aspect of Turkish life and it plays a major part of the Turkish people lives. The faith has many restriction and many special occasions where to celebrate the faith. Where the company will need to consider if they clothing being manufactured will be able to look good for most of the Turkish population taste and the dress sense as the faith has many restriction on the type of clothing worn and will not support inappropriate clothing for the people Turkey. Especially in the female section there are many restrictions what to cover up and where, but in recent year the restriction have been very flexible as the country is becoming more modern and more western.

The location where the plant will be positioned will need to be thought over as there may have repercussion as there may be houses, schools and mosque nearby so this will create a bad environment because if the plant was to be made near houses then the community may be very unhappy with the disruption of they everyday live with a plant being made near them. Also the location will need to be considered in terms of pollution so if there was any pollution then it needs to be well away from people.

Gender equality will need to be considered as the males tend to get paid more than the female as they feel that they do more. It is serious issue within the Turkish government but it relate to the Turkish culture on how the males are the dominate species so the company may need to consider this could be a chance to break the gender barrier and provide same wages for the female as the males.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the company should seriously consider moving the plant into Turkey as it is still an emerging country that has flaws but has many advantages and over time the flaws will be sorted out and benefit the company in the long run.

References

Books

International Business, Environments and Operations, Pearson International Edition, Daniels, Radebaugh, Sullivan

Online PDF

Datamonitor Turkey PESTLE Analysis

Websites

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html

http://www.datamonitor.com/store/Product/turkey?productid=074DD3A8-BC2C-40A9-9672-3793A75DEBA0

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Published: Disclaimer: This essay has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional essay writers. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of UK Essays.

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Every year comes the long awaited season, when everyone leaves their business for later, takes a vacation and head to the South, closer to the sea and the sandy beach. Almost all the clothes are packed, the tickets purchased, remains the last detail - a new swimsuit. When choosing the optimal swimsuit design, you have to focus on the silhouette, age and fashion trends of the season. Swimwear 2020 will allow you to trust yourself, hide imperfections and accentuate the silhouette and at the same time respect fashion trends.

Crop-top Swimsuits

One of the main trends of the resort season for the summer of 2020 will be the crop-top swimsuit. It can be fitted or light and sleeved. The most interesting patterns were offered by designers like Luli Fama, Beach Bunny and Lolli Swim.

Swimsuits with tassels

Equally relevant are the bathing suits decorated with yarn tassels. They became more chic and feminine. Some designers have decorated with tassels not just swimsuits, but also accessories and jewelery. Examples of swimsuits with tassels are found in Aguaclara, Agua Bendita and Beach Bunny.

Laces and Knots

Another hot success of the upcoming season are the swimsuits, with a variety of all sorts of narrow strips, bands and laces that are located in different parts. And although in the fashion trend this model has been present for many years in a row, next summer popularity will reach the momentum.

The novelty of the season became the swimsuits with garters. These look, of course, original, but how comfortable it is to sunbath or swim wearing them?!

One-piece swimsuits

Among the one piece swimsuits, sexy patterns with deep cleavage and large cuts on hips in the style of the 80's are very relevant. The impressive revealing of parts of the body through challenging cuts prompts us to make designers of Gottex, Mister Triple X, Luli Fama and others.

Bikini 2020

Through the efforts of Courtney Allegra, Montce and For Love & Lemons designers, the bold and sexy bikini swimsuits are gloriously revived on fashion podiums. So it's time to go to the gym and bring the silhouette in shape.

Prints

At the height of glory are the very colored and bright prints. What did not draw designers on bathing suits?! Floral motifs, animal prints, mysterious abstract elements, marine elements are present on Hot As Hell, Bianca Coletti and Gottex.

Swimsuits with high waist

Retro style swimsuits look modern and stylish thanks to the efforts of Luli Fama, Beach Bunny and Lolli Swim.

Sport style swimsuits

For fashionistas who not only do sunbath and dive in the sea but also sports, designers Duskii, Aqua Blu and ACACIA have prepared functional sports models.

Long sleeved swimsuits

Judging by the photos of 2020 fashion swimwear, long sleeved patterns remain just as relevant. The most interesting options have been demonstrated by Aqua Blu, Duskii and Lybethras.

Colors

As for the color range, the most relevant colors for designers are the metallic shades - gold and silver, as well as pink, blue, beige, black and turquoise.

And now let's admire a selection of elegant and unusual swimsuits for pool or party at the beach.
Now you know how fashionable swimsuits should look like in 2020. The photos above will help you "try" them and make the right choice.

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Swimwear Trends Spring-Summer 2020 | afmu.net

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Every year comes the long awaited season, when everyone leaves their business for later, takes a vacation and head to the South, closer to the sea and the sandy beach. Almost all the clothes are packed, the tickets purchased, remains the last detail - a new swimsuit.

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Cad Crowd | CAD design services, 3D modeling, 3D animation, CAD drafting, engineering & 3D printing design

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The Pros and Cons of Manufacturing in China | Cad Crowd

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If you’re considering manufacturing in china, you need to consider if it’s worth it. Here are the pros and cons you need to know.

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China is among the most attractive locations in the world. It has also grown to become one of the strongest powers. This rise boosted international business. The legal system too has been improved. Foreign investors seek business in China mainly because of 3 things. They are:

Size of the market

The very low cost of labor

China's growth potential together

I can say that China has become increasingly integrated with other parts of the world. It opened itself to an array of cross- border economic activities. It is not easy to manage international business in China. You will read about some of the factors which impact China as I conduct a detailed PEST analysis of China below.

PEST analysis is an essential management tool which assesses the macro-environmental factors. It is generally conducted for businesses and projects. The analysis helps decision-making and other management processes. It studies many elements under the following factors:

The main challenges for businesses in China are:

Attaining strategic objectives of cost reduction

Local differentiation

The strengthening of core competencies in certain areas and business activities

You are perhaps aware that China is a formal member of WTO. While China's entry into the world market benefits its national economy, it also boosts global economic growth.

Political Factors

Political factors which impact China are:

Both formal and informal rules, which firms must abide by, impact the country. Many people claim that the political force is the most unsettled force. Over the past few years, the government focused on the development of e-commerce.

The legal framework for e-commerce is still in its early stage. China has little experience for drafting e-commerce legislation for topics like intellectual property rights protection and tax. There aren't any regulations supporting the privacy, recognition of digital signatures, consumer rights and validation of electronic contracts yet.

Economic Factors

Over the past five years, China's economy experienced significant GDP growth rate. Reports suggest that if China continues to excel at this rate, it ill surpass US GDP soon. Some factors which might help are:

Sigh rate of savings

Abundant and skilled labor

More export business

Potential urban growth

Any economic development could have a major impact on the SMEs and their actions. China's GDP rate suggests that each citizen is adding more and more values to the society. This is in turn increasing consumers' purchasing power. The labor cost in China is extremely low. This is why leading companies like Apple are inclined to hire workers from the country.

The growth rate is impressive, but it can slow down. Some of the worrying trends in China are:

High inflation rate

High property prices

The People's Bank of China has increased interest rates. The reserve requirement for commercial banks is also nine times higher now. Moreover, the central bank is urging banks to lend less and impose limits on home purchases.

Social Factors

The social and cultural aspect of China plays an important role as the demographics constantly change. For example, population growth and age distribution fluctuate. These can alter social trends and cultural values. Family size and social behaviors often impact how decisions are taken. Other social factors are consumer lifestyles, education, religion, and emigration. China is a collectivistic culture, based on Geert Hofstede's value dimensions.

The literacy rate in China is over 90%. China emphasizes on education and majority of the nation are literate.

There are 420 million Internet users in the country. As there is internet access, Chinese people often shop online. Taobao is the largest local e-commerce website, and many people spend a lot of their things from the site. Boston Consulting Group predicts that the volume will increase in near future.

E-commerce has changed how local consumers see shopping. However, there is still a group who wish to avoid the perceived risk associated with online shopping. They prefer physical shopping and like the face to face contact.

Technological Factors

Some common technological factors studied in PEST are:

New products being developed

New purchasing mechanisms such as the intranet and extranet

New production technology

New distribution mechanisms like Internet

New methods of working like mobile telecommunications

A major technological problem in China is that the development of the B2C industry does not have a safe and stable online payment system. As Chinese buyers are on high Uncertainty Avoidance level and Long-Term Orientation, the problem is strengthened.

What is more, based on the perspective of Ortolani (2005) there had been only 1 percent credit card penetration in China suggesting that the most widely used payment method had low acceptance in China and the payment system to support online credit card transaction is also facing low usage. And the lack of safe online credit card payment system is one of the key reasons for this low usage and penetration.

Other factors which can be assessed are Environmental and Legal factors. These are covered in an extended version of the PEST called PESTLE analysis. Other variations of this analysis are STEP, STEEP, STEEPLE and STEEPLED. One major factor which impacts China is the increasing awareness of environment protection. This promotes how e-commerce causes less pollution and restricts the damage to the environment.

In conclusion, I can say based on this PEST analysis, that China is a flourishing market with the need for some small changes. Companies will benefit if they can understand the external macro-environment in which they function and will operate in the future. The rapid economic growth and stable political conditions make the e-commerce industry lucrative to investors. There are risks like lack of trust. Other risks include lack of stable and secure online payment systems. Also, there isn't proper legal protection. All of these create uncertainties and challenges to the market players.
Image: My Life Graphic/Shutterstock.com

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China is among the most attractive locations in the world. It has also grown to become one of the strongest powers. This rise boosted international business. The legal system too has been improved. Foreign investors seek business in China mainly because of 3 things.