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Read each timeline point. Then, create a 6-word memoir that would be put on Gandhi's tombstone. Make sure that your memoir does his life justice.

Note to educators: This activity would be done as part of a larger unit discussing India's struggle for independence and post-colonialism as part of the state standards.

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Presented by Prof David Hardiman Historian

Great Soul

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is known as Mahatma meaning 'Great Soul'. He was an astute political campaigner who fought for Indian independence from British rule and for the rights of the Indian poor.

His example of non-violent protest is still revered throughout the world today. Find out how this man of peace and representative of India's poor came from a privileged background and spent his teenage years as a rebel.

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Gandhi: Reckless teenager to father of India

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Presented by Prof David Hardiman Historian Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is known as Mahatma meaning 'Great Soul'. He was an astute political campaigner who fought for Indian independence from British rule and for the rights of the Indian poor. His example of non-violent protest is still revered throughout the world today.

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Read the Article. Create a 6-word memoir to describe how you think someone may feel when faced with religious intolerance.

Note for educators: I do a lot of work with students on tolerance and big ideas. These closely align with the themes represented in the 2016 SS Framework. I believe practice in social and emotional health and empathy will help students develop personal growth and skills transferable across content areas and into their own lives.

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Four teenagers from different religious traditions reflect on their experiences of religious belief and belonging.

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Analyze the image. What do you see? What do you not see? Tell the story of this photo by creating a single 6-word memoir.

Note for educators: Using historical images allows students to gain a better understanding of the time they are studying. Analyzing an image allows students the opportunity to apply background knowledge to come to a conclusion of what is taking place. I do this before providing context.

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A lone African-American boy, left foreground, stands in a sparse crowd that turned out to hear Dr. Lycurgus Spinks, imperial emperor of one of the several Ku Klux Klan groups active in the South, speak to 56 members of his Invisible Empire, Jackson, Miss. Spinks told his group, "There aren't any Negros within miles of here tonight." This was the first public Klan rally at Jackson in 15 years. Police forbade them to burn the cross in the background.

During the Great Depression of the 1930s the Klan's membership dropped drastically, and the last remnants of the organization temporarily disbanded in 1944. For the next 20 years the Klan was quiescent, but it had a resurgence in some Southern states during the 1960s as civil-rights workers attempted to force Southern communities' compliance with the Civil Rights Act of 1964. There were numerous instances of bombings, whippings, and shootings in Southern communities, carried out in secret but apparently the work of Klansmen.

The Klan was unable to stem the growth of a new racial tolerance in the South in the years that followed. Though the organization continued some of its surreptitious activities into the early 21st century, cases of Klan violence became more isolated, and its membership had declined to a few thousand.

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A lone African-American man attends a Klan rally in Jackson, USA, 1950

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A lone African-American boy, left foreground, stands in a sparse crowd that turned out to hear Dr. Lycurgus Spinks, imperial emperor of one of the several Ku Klux Klan groups active in the South, speak to 56 members of his Invisible Empire, Jackson, Miss.

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Read the article. Then, create a 6-word memoir based upon the information presented.

Note to educators: Short, digestible informational articles are used often in my classroom. I use them to introduce, reinforce, or summarize information within a unit. Here, students will create a 6-word memoir to summarize a historical event. This can then be used to open a pathway to deeper learning.

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Table of Contents

What was the Cuban missile crisis?

When did the Cuban missile crisis take place?

What was the outcome of the Cuban missile crisis?

This article was most recently revised and updated by

Cuban missile crisis, (October 1962), major confrontation that brought the United States and the Soviet Union close to war over the presence of Soviet nuclear-armed missiles in Cuba.

Having promised in May 1960 to defend Cuba with Soviet arms, the Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev assumed that the United States would take no steps to prevent the installation of Soviet medium- and intermediate-range ballistic missiles in Cuba. Such missiles could hit much of the eastern United States within a few minutes if launched from Cuba. The United States learned in July 1962 that the Soviet Union had begun missile shipments to Cuba. By August 29 new military construction and the presence of Soviet technicians had been reported by U.S. U-2 spy planes flying over the island, and on October 14 the presence of a ballistic missile on a launching site was reported.

After carefully considering the alternatives of an immediate U.S. invasion of Cuba (or air strikes of the missile sites), a blockade of the island, or further diplomatic maneuvers, U.S. Pres. John F. Kennedy decided to place a naval "quarantine," or blockade, on Cuba to prevent further Soviet shipments of missiles. Kennedy announced the quarantine on October 22 and warned that U.S. forces would seize "offensive weapons and associated matériel" that Soviet vessels might attempt to deliver to Cuba. During the following days, Soviet ships bound for Cuba altered course away from the quarantined zone. As the two superpowers hovered close to the brink of nuclear war, messages were exchanged between Kennedy and Khrushchev amidst extreme tension on both sides. On October 28 Khrushchev capitulated, informing Kennedy that work on the missile sites would be halted and that the missiles already in Cuba would be returned to the Soviet Union. In return, Kennedy committed the United States to never invading Cuba. Kennedy also secretly promised to withdraw the nuclear-armed missiles that the United States had stationed in Turkey in previous years. In the following weeks both superpowers began fulfilling their promises, and the crisis was over by late November. Cuba's communist leader, Fidel Castro, was infuriated by the Soviets' retreat in the face of the U.S. ultimatum but was powerless to act.

The Cuban missile crisis marked the climax of an acutely antagonistic period in U.S.-Soviet relations. The crisis also marked the closest point that the world had ever come to global nuclear war. It is generally believed that the Soviets' humiliation in Cuba played an important part in Khrushchev's fall from power in October 1964 and in the Soviet Union's determination to achieve, at the least, a nuclear parity with the United States.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Adam Augustyn.

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Cuban missile crisis | History, Facts, & Significance

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Cuban missile crisis, (October 1962), major confrontation that brought the United States and the Soviet Union close to war over the presence of Soviet nuclear-armed missiles in Cuba. Having promised in May 1960 to defend Cuba with Soviet arms, the Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev assumed that the United States would take no steps to prevent the installation of Soviet medium- and intermediate-range ballistic missiles in Cuba.

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Watch this short video. Then, write a 6-word memoir based on the information presented.

Note to educators: Using short informational graphic videos gives the opportunity for further discussion. It can introduce or reinforce the ideas presented in a unit. I love allowing students to opportunity to think about information in different ways.

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Create a 6-word memoir for each time period given in the article.

Note for educators: I love offering students graphic timelines. They are easier to digest because the information is one different pages. It allows them to zoom in on one year (or a set of years) without information overload.

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Timeline of Events - Before 1933 — United States Holocaust Memorial Museum