# data[].attributes.body
A sequence or hierarchy of concepts and/or skills organized in a format that can be used to plan instruction and keep records.

# data[].attributes.body
Checklists are easy to use, they require little instruction

Teachers can share ideas of activities the parents can use with the child

Can be updated with new information

# data[].attributes.body
Can be time consuming, and might reduce the time spent with children

Teachers may find it difficult to get started, and could have too many

Do not indicate how well a child performs, indicate only whether the child can perform adequately

# data[].attributes.body
Graphic Rating Scale- A rating scale that can be used as a continuum. The rater marks characteristics by descriptors on the scale at any point along the continuum.

Numerical Rating Scale- A series of numerals, such as 1 to 5, that allows an observer to indicate to the degree an individual possesses a particular characteristic.

# data[].attributes.body
Quick and easy to complete, require minimal effort

Paraprofessionals and students can complete some rating scales

Are a useful strategy for assessing progress in the child’s journey into understanding the world or in reconstructing knowledge

# data[].attributes.body
Rating scales are highly subjective; therefore, rater error and bias are common problems

Tell little about the causes of behavior

Can be an unreliable source of information

# data[].attributes.body
An instrument developed to measure authentic and performance assessments that is given to determine qualitative characteristics on a scale

# data[].attributes.body
Rubrics are flexible and adaptable, can be designed for many uses and ability levels

Can be used by both teachers and students to guide the student’s efforts toward completing a task or product

Can be translated into grades or can be used to discuss student work with parents and students

# data[].attributes.body
Teachers just beginning to develop rubrics may have trouble determining assessment or scoring criteria

Might inappropriately focus on the quantity of characteristics found, rather than the quality of work

May use predetermined criteria for rather than modifying rubrics as needed

# data[].attributes.body
Wortham, S. C., & Hardin, B. J. (2020). Assessment in early childhood education. Pearson.