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Paris, L. (2022, 28 décembre). the-power-of-makeup. L’Oréal Paris. https://www.lorealparisusa.com/beauty-magazine/makeup/makeup-looks/the-power-of-makeup

S. (2015, 9 février). Why Cosmetics Work (PDF) — Richard Russell. Richard Russell. http://www.richard-russell.net/publications/why-cosmetics-work-pdf

Why women use makeup : implication of psychological traits in makeup functions. (2008b, avril 1). PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18408870/

FINALSTATSPAPERR-libre.pdf (d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net)

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This research teaching me a lot of things. I see that search article is sometimes difficult and we need to use the good key word. After, I think it’s a good task because it’s very interesting to lean article in English and I think its useful for our studies. With this type of work I can work on my English skills. I Have a lot of pleasure to do this work.

With the different article I learned that make-up exist for a long time and not all the women use make-up for pleasure like me. But I think, in this article they don’t speak a lot about the influence on media on women. Because, if media does not show the perfect beauty maybe women feel herself in there body. So, I think it’s very interesting to continue this research but to use the point of view of media like television or social media. Because, this day people are in contact with social media at a young age so they can have a wrong think of the beauty. All women are beautiful. Also, this two research are made in USA. But, maybe if we do this kind of research in other country like France or China results will be different. Not all the country has the same vison of beauty and not all see the make-up like something to be beautiful. For example, in some country make-up is use for ceremonial or rite but not use to get a higher beauty and increase our facial attractiveness.

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Project sources and content organisation

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Project sources and content organisation

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Introduction

When I made my research I have find 3 articles who have my interest. The first one was written by Rodolphe Korichi and al. It was published on September 27, 2007. The name of this article is “Why women use makeup : implication of psychological traits in makeup functions”. The second article I found is “Reason why women wear makeup : a descriptive study”. It’s was written by Micaela Marie and al., in march 2014. Finally, my last source is “Why cosmetics work”. This article is the chapter in The science of social vision and it’s was written by Richard Russell who be part of the department of psychology in Harvard university.

I choose to work with this tree articles because there are complementary. The first one talk about the impact of make up one different women and different age. The second one, says the reason of why women wear makeup and “what makeup represents to the female individuals” (M. Micaela, 2014). The final one, talk about the way makeup is important in the society and why it become essentially in our society this day.

PART ONE: EXPERIMENTATION AND ANALYSES

The makeup is a part of our life since “75 000 years old” (R. Russell). Women and men don’t have the same face.  Richard Russell made a experimentation to see the differences between the faces of men and women. For that, he takes photography of one men and women. After, they use pixels to see differences between these two faces. We can see that women faces are lighter. But, for nose and eyes there not a really big difference. Far away, he makes a second experimentation with women. He make photography of these women without make up and after he tell them to made up. We can see products the most use by women who are mascara, eyeliner and lipstick. This article shows the base of makeup and faces of women.

The makeup is not only use for the aesthetic. The article of Korichi and al. (2007) talk about the psychological impact of makeup. For demonstrate that they use an experimentation in two part. At first, physical appearance as an important factor in the development of personality and social relation (R. Korichi and al., 2007). Also, the body and the face give non-verbal information to other people. So, that why for women facial attractiveness is important.  Because, when they use makeup, they can “increase their perceived facial attractiveness” (R. Korichi and al., 2007).

The first part of experimentation is evaluated “the subjective experience of subjects with makeup” (R Korichi and al. 2007). For that, they use a self-assessment questionnaire who are making with what women says in interview based on the quality of their makeup and life. These seventy women has between 25 and 65 years old. And they all use makeup every day. For the interview, they ask them about “their relationship with makeup” (R. Korichi and al., 2007). They also ask question likes how do you use your makeup or what products do you use and in which order. With respond of women they can make a stable makeup patterns for each subjects. We can see that the products they use is the same of the products in the article of Richard Russell. After, they made three different groups according to the age of women. In these three groups they have reunited 560 sentences who are classified in six different groups like “seduction”, “without makeup and habits” ….

In the second part, they reduce the sentences at 325 and women must respond to this sentence with a scale ranging. 0 meaning that women are strongly disagree and 4 to strongly agreeing. With the results they made a psychological characterization with different questionnaire like the stat-trait anxiety inventory or the rathus assertiveness.

The article written by Micaela Marie, we can found another type of experimentation. In the article we can see that they made a descriptive study because they use percentage for their results but also frequency. This method allows to organize the respond and the data. For that, they want to know “what makeup represents to female” (M. Marie and al., 2014).  They ask to different women 3 questions with a Lickert scale questionnaire. The first one is “How frequent do women wear makeup?” (M. Marie and al., 2014). Women must choose an answer between always, usually, occasionally. For the second question, they must tell who influence there to wear makeup.  The third question is to tell the top reason why they wear makeup. They have the choice to tell attraction, beauty, or self-esteem.  Women who are in this experimentation are student or women who are in Angeles university foundation.

PART TWO: results

When I read this articles my hypothesis is that makeup is use for some women for feel better and be pretty and also just for fun like me.

In the article of Korichi and al. (2014) the experimentation shows the existence of 2 groups. The firs one is women who respond disagreeing for many sentences like “when I made-up I feel glamorous”. The second group is the opposite. Most women respond agreeing to sentence like “when I’m made-up I feel sensual”. Groupe, one show a negative self-assessment. Women need make up for go out and to see other people. Generally, they don’t like herself without make-up. At the difference, group 2 feel sensual with make-up and show a positive self-assessment. For this women, not use a make-up to go outside is not a problem.

In the second article results is the same. 62,50% of women says that they use make up for increase self-esteem. But, in this article we can see the age of women who use must make up and is between 17 and 19 years old. We can also see that this group of women use make-up usually.

To compare, these two articles show sometimes same results. But in the first article we don’t know if women use make-up every day. And I thinks that article number two is not representative because in the questionnaire we have only young lady and not many different age like the first article.

Finally, we can say that make-up have 2 functions. In first, it’s to be more confident in the society and have a better facial attractiveness for women who don’t trust in herself. I can be a good thing to feel better. So, in this situation the make-up has a psychological effect. In second time, the make-up I use for feel sensual and don’t have a psychological effect. Make-up is use for pleasure for these women. But, if women want to have a strong facial attractiveness is because know on the society beauty critters are high. We can see at television what the ideal appearance look like and the youngest girl see that every day on tv. So, I think that what we can see on a television or on a social media have a big impact on our self-perception and we want to look like this women we can see at TV.

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What is the effects of make up on women ? This is the research I wanted to make because this days make up make part of women life everyday. I belong of this groups of women who us make up every day. So naturally I wanted to know the effects they have on women.

I make this research because I found on internet an article on the website of l’Oreal. This article explain