# data[].attributes.body
1. How much air pollution was there?  Where did it come from?

There was a lot but there wasn’t as much as we have now. It came from burning wood and biomass, metal smelting, and natural events like dust storms

2. How much water pollution was there?  Where did it come from?

The water pollution was bad during this time and it had a huge impact on people's health killing many civilians. Rivers were heavily polluted by sewage, industrial waste, and runoff from the city.

3. How did humans get most of the energy they needed to survive?

By Farming, Fishing, and Hunting were a few ways they got energy to survive

4. Was conservation being practiced anywhere in the world?  How?

The people wanted to conserve trees because they cut down too much so they cut less and planted more in Ancient Greece, and Rome.

5. Why was lead poisoning a problem?

Decline of roman empire was partly due to lead poisoning, and it spread among upper-class romans

# data[].attributes.body
6.  How much water pollution was there?

Water pollution was less of a problem for dispersed populations at the time

7. How much wood was being harvested?  What effects was this having?

Germany left large tracts totally denuded forcing a switch to coal.

8. In what ways was disease affecting the world?

They killed many but it led to the beginning of a public health system.

# data[].attributes.body
9. What causes did people begin to take up to improve the world? -

People began to use rationality to rework the way we approach issues such as liberty, individual rights, and equality.

10. What did Thomas Malthus predict? - Thomas Malthus predicts that the world will run out of food and resources as the population increases.

11. Give examples of new pollution affecting the world. -

The two deadliest forms of pollution affecting the world at this time were water pollution and indoor smoke from cooking.

12.  Why did sanitation become so important? -

Sanitation became so important because of shifts in attitude towards the matter. Sanitation quickly became a virtue and many people began to practice new clean habits to maintain a healthy environment.

13. How was the air pollution at this time? -

During the Industrial Revolution we began to consume coal on a large scale resulting in a lot of smog and soot. This resulted in serious medical issues among residents.

14. How was the water pollution at this time? -

With the Industrial Revolution the water pollution became worse. Due to the factories releasing pollutants directly into rivers humans would unknowingly be consuming raw sewage which lead to diseases such as typhoid and cholera.

15. What happened when the “Mother of the Forest” was cut down? -

During the prime of the gold rush in California some travellers cut down the oldest tree in the world. A sequoia tree that was estimated to be 2,400 years old was cut down. They stripped it of its bark and tried to sell it, however most townspeople either believed it was fake or they declined it in disgust of the men who chopped it down. After this California started to protect their forests eventually leading to Yosemite National Park.

# data[].attributes.body
16. What types of reforms were occurring?

The government was being reformed which would work to improve U.S. society. These reformers favored such policies as civil service reform, food safety laws, and increased political rights for women and U.S. workers.

17. What did Theodore Roosevelt fight for?

He vigorously promoted the conservation movement, emphasizing efficient use of natural resources. He dramatically expanded the system of national parks and national forests.

18. What new organizations were formed?

Labor unions, and professional and civic groups

# data[].attributes.body
19. What was the purpose of the National Coast Anti-Pollution League? - The purpose of the National Coast Anti-Pollution League was to prevent oil spills.

20. What type of gasoline was used for the first autos? - By 1920, 9 million vehicles powered by gasoline were on the road, and service stations selling gasoline were opening around the country.

21. What was the chemurgy movement fighting for? It was fighting to find nonfood uses for agricultural surpluses.

# data[].attributes.body
22. What lead people to believe there was a air pollution crisis?

episodes of "smog" (a combination of smoke and fog) in cities like New York and London resulted in many deaths. Air pollution continued to be a significant problem up through the middle of the 20th century

# data[].attributes.body
23. What was the “burning river?” -

The Cuyahoga river was an extremely polluted river which is famous for catching on fire multiple times, the most significant being in 1969. This event along with the Santa Barbara oil spill in California gave rise to the Clean Water Act.

24. What is the name of Rachel Carson’s book that started modern environmentalism?

Silent Spring was Rachel Carson’s book that started modern environmentalism.

# data[].attributes.body
25. What government agency is founded?

The Environmental Protection Agency proposed by President Nixon was founded in 1970.

26. How was air pollution reduced?

The Clean Air Act of 1970 helped reduce air pollution by setting a six-year deadline for the automobile industry to develop a 90% pollution-free engine.

27. How was water pollution reduced?

Water pollution was reduced from the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (Clean Water Act) in 1972. It gave states assistance and funding to address water pollution in order to restore the cleanliness of the nation’s waters.

28. What two new sources of pollution begin causing concern?

Mercury pollution and oil pollution began causing concern.

# data[].attributes.body
29. What major disasters occurred during this time?

The Bhopal and Chernobyl disaster occurred during this time.

30. What two major issues involving the Earth’s atmosphere arise?

The major issues of climate change and the ozone layer arose.

# data[].attributes.body
31. How did the Gulf War create pollution?

The Gulf War led to wells of oil being deliberately set on fire by the Iraqi army, causing six and a half million gallons of oil being burned daily.

32. What does China construct that causes much controversy?

China constructs the Three Gorges Dam which causes a lot of controversy because over a million people are relocated.

# data[].attributes.body
33. What final act did President Clinton sign into law?

The final act that President Clinton signed was the Arctic Tundra Habitat Emergency Conservation Act.

34. How does the Bush presidency handle global warming and climate change?

The Bush presidency had the most anti-environmental record of any US president, handling global warming and climate change poorly.

35. How does the world react to leaded gasoline?

The world reacts poorly to leaded gasoline. It is banned by the European Union as a public health hazard and the worldwide public health campaigns against use of leaded gasoline.