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soil water trees oil liveing thigs leafs

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soil water trees oil liveing thigs leafs

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Whether for framing a new addition, building a deck or making a piece of furniture, wood is usually the go-to material. However, there are environmental costs and structural drawbacks to many traditional wood products. Plenty of creative alternatives are available. Here is a sampling of wood alternatives, most with some environmental advantages, for home construction and remodeling projects.
1. Hemp
Hemp is a fast-growing and sustainable crop that generates more construction-grade fiber per acre than most trees and other crops. It can be used in place of lumber and a wide range of other materials. For example, Washington State University researchers found hemp-based medium density fiberboard to be twice as strong as wood.
2. Bamboo
Bamboo is often considered a wood, but this grass is really a wood alternative. It has been called the world's most useful plant (though hemp advocates might argue otherwise). Bamboo is fast-growing but at least as strong as some slow-growth woods. It is a very trendy (and somewhat controversial) flooring option. It is also used in furniture and a wide variety of other construction materials.
3. Wood composites
As the name suggests, composite materials combine wood with recycled plastics or other components. As compared to lumber, composites are a more sustainable way to use trees. For example, composite deck boards can be made with scrap wood fiber leftover from cutting solid hardwood deck boards. Composite decks and other products also have other advantages over hardwood. They require virtually no finishing, staining or maintenance, and are very durable.
4. Plastic wood
Another growing segment of the deck market is basically the plastic - recycled or not - of composites without any wood fibers. Like composite decking, plastic wood requires no maintenance. Of course, it's hard to make plastic look exactly like wood, so it's not a perfect aesthetic substitute. In many other ways, though, composites and plastic wood are good hardwood alternatives.
5. Soy
No, you can't build walls out of tofu, but soy is another immensely useful plant that is used for insulation, carpet backing, paint strippers and more. While soy fibers may not be a substitute for wood, soy can make traditional wood products safer. Soy-based chemicals can replace the potentially dangerous formaldehyde, glues and other solvents.
6. Cork
Cork is made with bark rather than the core of a tree. That means it re-grows faster and is more sustainable in some ways than many traditional wood products. It is a popular flooring material, and is growing into other areas of construction and remodeling.
7. Cardboard
Cardboard construction isn't just for kids. A couple of plywood substitutes on the market are made primarily or entirely from post-consumer waste, such as recycled cardboard.
8. Newspaper
Similarly, recycled newspaper is being used to create fiberboard products for roof decking and much more. For example, Homasote is a New Jersey company that claims to recycle up to 250 tons of newspaper each day into construction materials.
9. Nutshells
Maderon is a recyclable Spanish furniture-building material made primarily of crushed almond, hazelnut, and walnut shells. The shells are ground into a paste, then mixed with resin and molded into chairs and other furniture.
10. Straw
Look closely at plywood. The fibers look a lot like straw, so it's no stretch to imagine particleboard from an assortment of straw varieties, including wheat, oat and flax straw. All these are available and useful alternatives to traditional pressed wood products.

Use sustainable building materials in your home improvement project. Consult a reliable carpenter or remodeling contractor for advice.

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10 Materials That Could Replace Wood One Day | Networx

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Whether for framing a new addition, building a deck or making a piece of furniture, wood is usually the go-to material. However, there are environmental costs and structural drawbacks to many traditional wood products. Plenty of creative alternatives are available. Here is a sampling of wood alternatives, most with some environmental advantages, for home construction and remodeling projects.

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7 Everyday Items Made from Trees - American Forests

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By Austa Somvichian-Clausen, Communications Intern We all know that trees supply us with some amazing resources, from the material resources - like wood which we use to create anything from furniture and wooden cabins, to printer paper and coffee cup sleeves - to the health, both mental and physical, and environmental resources and benefits provided by forests.

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Papaya, mangoes, oranges, limes, lemons, peaches, coconuts, cashews, apples and more come from trees. Beyond these nutritious and delicious fruits, some of our favorite spices also come from various parts of trees including cinnamon, allspice, nutmeg, and cloves. Trees are also the source of almonds, walnuts, pecans, and cashews, too! Finally, but certainly important, trees bring us chocolate (cocoa) and maple syrup.

Trees protect the earth from soil erosion, fires, flooding, and wind. Forest Garden farmers use trees as fences, windbreaks, and barriers. They use a living fence technique which has proven especially useful in providing in creating a green wall to improve their soil, provide a boundary, keep livestock out, and absorb and redirect heavy rains.

Trees produce oxygen and clean carbon dioxide out of the air we breathe. Without trees, life could not continue. Trees have also proved to remove airborne particles from the air and reduce smog, thereby improving the air we breathe, and therefore, our respiratory health. The work trees do in improving the air quality is one of the most critical ways in which we benefit from trees.

On a hot day, nothing is better than the shade of an old tree with an expansive canopy. Under a tree is often the location of Forest Garden farmer meetings and trainings. Trees act as nature's air conditioner and help slow water evaporation from soil. Did you know that tree can produce the cooling effect the evaporation from of r oom-size air conditioners running all day!

5. Trees are a natural playground

Where there is no playground, a tree provides a great place to climb and explore. This is particularly exciting in a world where technology can consume people's attention. . Children can develop gross motor skills and learn to take risks while climbing trees. Adults can climb for fitness and strength building. Felled trees can become balance beams and a tall tree can provide a good hideout or lookout during play time.

Many birds, animals, and insects call trees home. The various levels and canopies of trees provide a habitat to a diverse array of wildlife from the lower levels up to the very high canopies. Forest Garden farmers often also often use trees as a place to build hives to bring bees to their land to assist in pollination and to collect honey. We are currently losing species at an alarming rate so the space for biodiversity is critical as it helps keep our planet thriving.

While alternative energy is ideal, the reality is that much of the word relies on wood to cook meals and boil water for purification. Where we work in Africa, approximately 80% of households rely on fuelwood and charcoal. While it can be argued that growing trees for fuel or wood competes with food production, in the Forest Garden model, the two can coexist and complement one another. This way, farmers are not increasing deforestation by cutting in the ancient forests. They can grow fast growing timber trees on their plot in a sustainable way.

Trees help filter and retain water in the soil. Trees not only improve water quality, they also prevent stormwater and flooding issues that can occur. The roots break up soil to allow for the recharge of water tables.

Being among trees has real health benefits. Studies show that even looking at trees can calm us. The Japanese even have a word for this: , or forest bathing. Spending time in the forest is known to reduce stress, anger, and feelings of depression. While in English we do not have a specific word to express this experience, we do know that Shirin-yoku people who live in more densely wooded areas, even in urban settings with tree-lined streets, report better health than those who live in areas with sparse trees. The effects are not simply felt, they can even be measured by slowed heartbeats, lower blood pressure, and altered brain waves.

10. And there is so much more!

Trees have proven to be a source of medicines, foods, and materials, improving our planet and lives in immeasurable ways. We are constantly discovering new ways that trees can benefit us. Research is uncovering complex and beneficial ways in which trees improve our planet and our lives. Without trees, we have no future.

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10 Essential Ways Trees Help Our Planet - Trees for the Future

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1. Trees provide food Papaya, mangoes, oranges, limes, lemons, peaches, coconuts, cashews, apples and more come from trees. Beyond these nutritious and delicious fruits, some of our favorite spices also come from various parts of trees including cinnamon, allspice, nutmeg, and cloves. Trees are also the source of almonds, walnuts, pecans, and cashews, too!

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Written by AOS Treatment Solutions on November 2, 2018

As water increasingly becomes a limited resource, it's more important than ever to limit your water footprint and reduce water usage. Here are several specific strategies your facility can implement.

What is a Water Footprint?

A water footprint is the amount of water you consume or pollute when manufacturing your products. Your water footprint can be measured in a variety of ways. Measuring your water consumption is the first step to learning how to reduce your water footprint.

How to Reduce Water Usage

The following six strategies can help you cut down down on how much water you use.

1. Improve Current Consumption

Leaks and drips can add up to thousands of gallons of wasted water each year. Taking care of leaks includes monitoring and fixing leaks in pipes, appliances, and equipment. This simple step is an easy way to reduce water usage.

2. Install Water Efficient Equipment

If your facility is using a water filtration system, it needs to be working as efficiently as possible, with all parts and equipment up-to-date. System upgrades can potentially reduce backwash filter rates.

Make sure all pumps are the correct size for the greatest efficiency. Even looking into ways to reduce water use in HVAC systems can make a difference. In some cases, you may be able to incorporate waterless procedures.

3. Upgrade Metering

Automated and advanced meter reading are types of smart technology that can be implemented to better manage your water use. Advanced metering technology can be used to link several operational systems in your facility to measure and monitor your water usage. It's a good idea to have the water metering incorporated into the building management system.

4. Reuse and Recycle

Water can be recycled through different types of purifying processes. Some facilities may also want to consider harvesting rainwater. If you're considering this option, there would need to be adequate research with environmental agencies.

Reusing gray water can also reduce overall water usage. There are some common gray water or wastewater recycling methods that you can research for your facility.

5. Provide Employee Training

It's crucial that employees at all levels understand and comply with water reduction procedures and learn how to reduce water consumption. This might include making sure employees receive education on the most advanced water-efficient technology.

According to the , even learning the correct methods of maintaining and cleaning equipment can keep the facility running as efficiently as possible.

6. Conduct Annual Audits

At least once a year there should be a thorough audit conducted regarding water use in the facility. If possible, an outside professional should be hired to conduct the audit and provide a customized water analysis.

Self-assessments that include benchmarks to be met and set specific standards for future performance should be conducted periodically.

Contact AOS Water Treatment Consultants

AOS Water Treatment has offered specialized water treatments to municipal and industrial markets since 1999. AOS water treatment consultants can help you find ways to cut down on water usage in your facility. We can implement municipal wastewater treatment systems for your organization that includes bacterial cultures, antifoams, and sludge dewatering.

Contact AOS today for more information on how to limit water usage and ways to reduce your water footprint.

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6 Ways to Reduce Water Usage & Consumption | AOS

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Written by AOS Treatment Solutions on November 2, 2018 As water increasingly becomes a limited resource, it's more important than ever to limit your water footprint and reduce water usage. Here are several specific strategies your facility can implement. A water footprint is the amount of water you consume or pollute when manufacturing your products.

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100 Uses of Water By Shannon Egan 3rd Grade Science Project Ms. Opiah

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Rido/Shutterstock

Reusable grocery bags

Each year, we use an estimated 500 billion to 1 trillion plastic bags around the world.

Using reusable grocery bags is a simple way to cut down on the habit without missing out on convenience - if you make sure to only buy enough to meet your needs, and remember to bring them every time.

Some grocery stores even offer incentives for people who bring their own bags, and some states have banned plastic bags.

Rechargeable batteries

Batteries are made up of a variety of chemicals, some of which are toxic and can cause soil and water pollution. To prolong the usage of your batteries and keep them out of landfills, you may want to look into rechargeable ones.

If you need to check how to dispose of electronics you no longer need, check out this list of stores with incentives for recycling or are better equipped to dispose of electronics than the average person.

A long-lasting toothbrush with a detachable brush head

Not only does a Boie toothbrush have silver embedded into the bristles to kill germs, but the startup is also making a much more environmentally friendly option.

All of Boie's toothbrushes are made out of a rubber-like material that cleans your teeth more gently and effectively than alternatives and is built to last twice as long as a regular brush, so you have to replace it less often. Boie brushes are also designed with detachable brush heads, so you can replace only that without having to buy an entirely new brush every time.

You can also check out Bite's $12 bamboo brush pack, which comes with two toothbrushes with detachable heads.

A cycling helmet that raises money for 1% for the Planet

Cycling brand thousand launched a special Climate Collection of its signature Heritage helmet to raise money for 1% for the Planet, a foundation dedicated to raising awareness about climate change and sustainability. The collection features three unique colorways, each symbolizing a specific element of the planet. Coastal Blue represents Earth's oceans, Terra Cotta Earth's clay, and Arctic Grey Earth's polar environments. The helmets sell for $89 with $10 from every purchase going to 1% for the Planet.

- Rick Stella, health & fitness editor

A showerhead that uses 70-75% less water than what you have now

Anna Omelchenko/shutterstock

Putting in low-flow fixtures and taking shorter showers can reduce your water consumption by at least 50% and save you about $145 every year.

If you're looking for the most buzz-worthy and luxe of options making a difference in the space, you'd do well to look at Nebia - a Kickstarter-funded startup that counts some of the biggest names in Silicon Valley as investors (including Tim Cook of Apple and Eric Schmidt of Google). You also might have seen it in the upscale fitness world of Equinox gyms.

The Nebia Spa Shower 2.0 maximizes the water that comes into contact with your skin by atomizing it, and Nebia claims the shower lends twice as much coverage as a standard shower and saves 65% of water. You can read more about it here.

Another inexpensive option is a showerhead by Niagra, which the company claims uses up to 75% less water than typical "low-flow" showerheads. It also uses patented pressure compensation technology so there's always a consistent flow rate regardless of available water pressure - and it's guaranteed for 10 years.

Buy carbon credits to offset your lifestyle

Reformation

Feeling guilty about a destination bachelorette trip you took this year? Already live an extremely eco-friendly lifestyle and still want to help?

Reformation lets you purchase climate credits (carbon offsets) on its site. Its partner, NativeEnergy, will direct your purchase to support projects that actively reduce CO2 emissions.

You'll also get a $100 Reformation credit when you switch to wind energy.

An Earth Day package

Even if you can't live a completely eco-lifestyle, you can still offset some carbon footprint by planting trees. Canadian sustainable apparel maker Tentree has an Earth Day package that will plant 50 trees, which can help offset 7.7 tons of CO2. - Les Shu, guides editor

A programmable thermostat that lets you know if you're saving energy

Programmable thermostats can save up to $150 a year in energy costs when used properly.

Not only does Nest's thermostat work with Amazon Alexa voice control, but it was also the first one to earn an Energy Star. Since your thermostat supposedly controls half your energy bill (more than appliances or electronics), it's a great place to focus your attention if you want to cut down on use and costs. Using the Nest app (yes, there's an app), you can view how much energy you use and why, so you can make the right decisions for you using your own energy history.

Plus, since most of us are busy and potentially beginners with this, Nest will display a leaf when you choose a temperature that saves energy.

Reusable coffee filters

With the popularity of instant coffee systems like Keurig, single-serving pods have also seen an uptick.

Instead of popping in a new K-Cup every morning only to toss it into the waste bin, consider saving yourself space and money with your choice of fresh ground coffee and a reusable filter pod.

Shampoo, conditioner, and lotion

With over 80 billion plastic bottles being disposed of around the world every year just from shampoo & conditioner alone, things like environmentally-conscious packaging are increasingly important.

If you're looking for a single solid beauty routine -pun intended- New Zealand startup Ethique (French for "ethical") makes sustainable beauty that works exceptionally well. And they're available at Amazon.

Everything - from shampoo to lotion - comes in bar form. The bars last 2-5x longer than their bottled counterparts, dissolve completely, and come in entirely eco-friendly packaging (even the sleeves they arrive in are 100% dissolvable and compostable, so there's zero consumer waste).

Overall, Ethique has prevented the manufacture and disposal of more than 350,000 plastic containers worldwide.

Natural laundry detergent

If you want to introduce fewer chemicals to the water supply and your skin, you might look for a laundry detergent alternative.

Method's detergent is made from naturally derived, plant-based ingredients and has a hypoallergenic formula. Its transparent bottle is recyclable and made from 100% PCR (post-consumer recycled) materials. It's tough on dirt and stains, but you won't be introducing more chemicals to the environment or wearing traces of them next-to-skin.

You can also use the all-natural Nellie's powdered laundry soda that comes in a reusable metal tin (which is what I personally use). Nellie's is biodegradable, non-toxic, hypoallergenic, non-GMO, lasts for forever, and, of course, works really well also. You can find it on Amazon, but it's typically cheaper at Walmart.

Solar powered phone charger

Made of eco-friendly silicone rubber and ABS + PC material, this #1 best-seller solar charger is an eco-friendly alternative to the traditional rechargeable battery pack. It's water-resistant and shock-proof, so it can go where you go (and soak up solar power while at it).

The company notes that it is comparatively slow for the solar charger to recharge via solar power, but if you've got the time to wait or hang it on a backpacking pack on a day trip, you can get the convenience of a charger without the guilt.

Compostable cutlery and bowls

If you absolutely need disposable cutlery and can't carry a reusable metal kit everywhere you go, why not grab some that are compostable?

FirstChoice makes a great option, and donates 10% of its annual net profits to non-profit environmental organizations. The utensils are FDA approved and are 100% biodegradable.

An eco-friendly air dryer brush

This brush is designed to act as a diffuser, drying hair 40% faster for less heat damage and faster prep time. It's also made from recycled aluminum and plastic.

The packaging is made of 100% Tree-Free paper (20% cotton and 80% bamboo fibers), and the handles are made from bamboo, which is one of the fastest-growing plants in the world - making it a convenient naturally renewable resource.

Natural cleaning products

The cleaning products you use around the house can be full of environmentally harmful chemicals, and they may be some of the plastic products you throw away most frequently. If you want the same result but with less potential collateral damage, there are effective options to consider.

Uniquely J is an affordable, comprehensive option that spans the cleaning gamut and is comprehensive and affordable.

Blueland is a buzzy startup that makes reusable bottles and dissolvable cleaning tablets with non-toxic ingredients so you can cut down on your plastic waste and chemical exposure. While Blueland products are effective for general cleaning, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend using alcohol-based products to disinfect surfaces as they're effective in killing viruses.

For tough cleaning, we'd recommend looking at CleanWell's Disinfectant Spray. It's EPA-approved for use on surfaces to protect against the novel coronavirus. It's a botanical formula that cleans, disinfects, and deodorizes multi-surfaces and kills 99.9% of household germs, including cold and flu viruses. The package is also recyclable.

Sustainable clothing

Instead of buying new every time you have an event, consider renting from Rent the Runway and get designer names at a much lower rate, without contributing to a huge pile of textile waste from a $20 fast-fashion dress you didn't love. Or, if you do buy new, take a look at stores that repurpose recycled materials, like Cotopaxi and Girlfriend Collective, or companies reducing their overall footprint through eco-friendly practices like Everlane's denim factory.

Senior Education and Personal Development Reporter, Insider Reviews

Mara Leighton is the senior education and personal development reporter for Insider Reviews. In the spring of 2020, Mara spearheaded Insider Reviews' new Previously, Mara covered e-commerce for Business Insider from 2017-2020. She's written thousands of reviews and explainers, profiled emerging and established D2C companies, blogged through major retail events, and forecasted and analyzed industry trends. She also produced the vertical's Say hello at education beat. She's reported on Yale's most popular course on happiness as well as essential workforce recovery programs, free instructional courses for non-ICU workers on weekly newsletter. mleighton@businessinsider.com or tweet her @maraleighton. Learn more about how our team of experts tests and reviews products at Insider here. Learn more about how we review educational and personal development products. operating mechanical ventilators, and a Johns Hopkins' contact tracing course designed to fill thousands of remote jobs. She's interviewed Google executives, presidential policy committee members, best-selling authors, leading researchers and professors, and NBC's Chuck Todd in her education coverage. She's most interested in personal development, skill-building, industry shifts, and increased accessibility for learners of all ages and socioeconomic backgrounds.

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32 eco-friendly alternatives for things you use every day

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Reusable grocery bags Each year, we use an estimated 500 billion to 1 trillion plastic bags around the world. Using reusable grocery bags is a simple way to cut down on the habit without missing out on convenience - if you make sure to only buy enough to meet your needs, and remember to bring them every time.

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Human uses of animals (non-human species) include both practical uses, such as the production of food and clothing, and symbolic uses, such as in art, literature, mythology, and religion. All of these are elements of culture, broadly understood. Animals used in these ways include fish, crustaceans, insects, molluscs, mammals and birds.

Economically, animals provide meat, whether farmed or hunted, and until the arrival of mechanised transport, terrestrial mammals provided a large part of the power used for work and transport. Animals serve as models in biological research, such as in genetics, and in drug testing.

Many species are kept as pets, the most popular being mammals, especially dogs and cats. These are often anthropomorphised.

Animals such as horses and deer are among the earliest subjects of art, being found in the Upper Paleolithic cave paintings such as at Lascaux. Major artists such as Albrecht Dürer, George Stubbs and Edwin Landseer are known for their portraits of animals. Animals further play a wide variety of roles in literature, film, mythology, and religion.

Culture consists of the social behaviour and norms found in human societies and transmitted through social learning. Cultural universals in all human societies include expressive forms like art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies like tool usage, cooking, shelter, and clothing. The concept of material culture covers physical expressions such as technology, architecture and art, whereas immaterial culture includes principles of social organization, mythology, philosophy, literature, and science. Anthropology has traditionally studied the roles of non-human animals in human culture in two opposed ways: as physical resources that humans used; and as symbols or concepts through totemism and animism. More recently, anthropologists have also seen other animals as participants in human social interactions. This article describes the roles played by other animals in human culture, so defined, both practical and symbolic.

The human population exploits a large number of non-human animal species for food, both of domesticated livestock species in animal husbandry and, mainly at sea, by hunting wild species.

Marine fish of many species, such as herring, cod, tuna, mackerel and anchovy, are caught and killed commercially, and can form an important part of the human diet, including protein and fatty acids. Commercial fish farms concentrate on a smaller number of species, including salmon and carp.

Invertebrates including cephalopods like squid and octopus; crustaceans such as prawns, crabs, and lobsters; and bivalve or gastropod molluscs such as clams, oysters, cockles, and whelks are all hunted or farmed for food.

Non-human mammals form a large part of the livestock raised for meat across the world. They include (2011) around 1.4 billion cattle, 1.2 billion sheep, 1 billion domestic pigs, and (1985) over 700 million rabbits.

Textiles from the most utilitarian to the most luxurious are often made from non-human animal fibres such as wool, camel hair, angora, cashmere, and mohair. Hunter-gatherers have used non-human animal sinews as lashings and bindings. Leather from cattle, pigs and other species is widely used to make shoes, handbags, belts and many other items. Other animals have been hunted and farmed for their fur, to make items such as coats and hats, again ranging from simply warm and practical to the most elegant and expensive.

Working domestic animals including cattle, horses, yaks, camels, and elephants have been used for work and transport from the origins of agriculture, their numbers declining with the arrival of mechanized transport and agricultural machinery. In 2004 they still provided some 80% of the power for the mainly small farms in the third world, and some 20% of the world's transport, again mainly in rural areas. In mountainous regions unsuitable for wheeled vehicles, pack animals continue to transport goods.

Police, military and immigration/customs personnel exploit dogs and horses to perform a variety of tasks, which cannot be done by humans. In some cases, smart rats have been used.

Animals such as the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the zebrafish, the chicken and the house mouse, serve a major role in science as experimental models, being exploited both in fundamental biological research, such as in genetics, and in the development of new medicines, which must be tested exhaustively to demonstrate their safety. Millions of non-human mammals, especially mice and rats, are used in experiments each year.

A knockout mouse is a genetically modified mouse with an inactivated gene, replaced or disrupted with an artificial piece of DNA. They enable the study of sequenced genes whose functions are unknown.

Vaccines have been made using other animals since their discovery by Edward Jenner in the 18th century. He noted that inoculation with live cowpox afforded protection against the more dangerous smallpox. In the 19th century, Louis Pasteur developed an attenuated (weakened) vaccine for rabies. In the 20th century, vaccines for the viral diseases mumps and polio were developed using animal cells grown in vitro.

An increasing variety of drugs are based on toxins and other molecules of animal origin. The cancer drug Yondelis was isolated from the tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata. One of dozens of toxins made by the predatory cone snail Conus geographus is used as Prialt in pain relief.

Different non-human animals unwillingly help humans with creating medicine that can treat certain human diseases. For example, the anticoagulant properties of snake venom are key to potential medical use. These toxins can be used to treat heart disease, pulmonary embolism, and many other diseases, all of which may originate from blood clots.[1]

Non-human animals, and products made from them, are used to assist in hunting. Humans have used hunting dogs to help chase down animals such as deer, wolves, and foxes; birds of prey from eagles to small falcons are used in falconry, hunting birds or mammals; and tethered cormorants have been used to catch fish.

Dendrobatid poison dart frogs, especially those in the genus Phyllobates, secrete toxins such as Pumiliotoxin 251D and Allopumiliotoxin 267A powerful enough to be used to poison the tips of blowpipe darts.

A wide variety of animals are used as pets, from invertebrates such as tarantulas and octopuses, insects including praying mantises, reptiles such as snakes and chameleons, and birds including canaries, parakeets and parrots. However, non-human mammals are the most popular pets in the Western world, with the most utilized species being dogs, cats, and rabbits. For example, in America in 2012 there were some 78 million dogs, 86 million cats, and 3.5 million rabbits. Anthropomorphism, the attribution of human traits to non-human animals, is an important aspect of the way that humans relate to other animals such as pets. There is a tension between the role of other animals as companions to humans, and their existence as individuals with rights of their own; ignoring those rights is a form of speciesism.

A wide variety of both terrestrial and aquatic non-human animals are hunted for sport.

The aquatic animals most often hunted for sport are fish, including many species from large marine predators such as sharks and tuna, to freshwater fish such as trout and carp.

Birds such as partridges, pheasants and ducks, and mammals such as deer and wild boar, are among the terrestrial game animals most often hunted for sport and for food.

Non-human animals, often mammals but including fish and insects among other groups, have been the subjects of art from the earliest times, both historical, as in Ancient Egypt, and prehistoric, as in the cave paintings at Lascaux and other sites in the Dordogne, France and elsewhere. Famous images of other animals include Albrecht Dürer's 1515 woodcut The Rhinoceros, and George Stubbs's c. 1762 horse portrait Whistlejacket.

Jan van Kessel's A Dragon-fly, Two Moths, a Spider and Some Beetles, With Wild Strawberries, 17th century

Utagawa Kuniyoshi's Saito Oniwakamaru fights a giant carp at the Bishimon waterfall, 19th century

Animals as varied as bees, beetles, mice, foxes, crocodiles and elephants play a wide variety of roles in literature and film, from Aesop's Fables of the classical era to Rudyard Kipling's Just So Stories and Beatrix Potter's "little books" starting with the 1901 Tale of Peter Rabbit.

A genre of films, Big bug movies, has been based on oversized insects, including the pioneering 1954 , featuring giant ants mutated by radiation, and the 1957 films The Deadly Mantis and Beginning of the End, this last complete with giant locusts and "atrocious" special effects.

Birds have occasionally featured in film, as in Alfred Hitchcock's 1963 , loosely based on Daphne du Maurier's story of the same name, which tells the tale of sudden attacks on humans by violent flocks of birds. Ken Loach's admired 1969 , based on Barry Hines's 1968 novel A Kestrel for a Knave, tells a story of a boy coming of age by training a kestrel.

Animals including many insects and non-human mammals feature in mythology and religion.

Among the insects, in both Japan and Europe, as far back as ancient Greece and Rome, a butterfly was seen as the personification of a human's soul, both while they were alive and after their death. The scarab beetle was sacred in ancient Egypt, while the praying mantis was considered a god in southern African Khoi and San tradition for their praying posture.

Of the twelve signs of the Western zodiac, six, namely Aries ( ram), Taurus ( bull), Cancer ( crab), Leo ( lion), Scorpio ( scorpion) and Pisces ( fish) are animals, while two others, Sagittarius (horse/human) and Capricorn (fish/goat) are hybrid animals; the name zodiac indeed means a circle of animals. All twelve signs of the Chinese zodiac are animals.

In Christianity the Bible has a variety of animal symbols, the Lamb is a famous title of Jesus. In the New Testament the Gospels Mark, Luke and John have animal symbols: "Mark is a lion, Luke is a bull and John is an eagle".

1. ^ Macionis, John J.; Gerber, Linda Marie (2011). Sociology. Pearson Prentice Hall. p. 53. ISBN 978-0137001613. OCLC 652430995.

2. ^ White, Thomas; Candea, Matei; Lazar, Sian; Robbins, Joel; Sanchez, Andrew; Stasch, Rupert (2018-05-23). Stein, Felix; Candea, Matei; Diemberger, Hildegard (eds.). "Animals". Cambridge Encyclopedia of Anthropology. doi:10.29164/18animals.

3. ^ "The Purpose of Humanimalia". De Pauw University. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. animal/human interfaces have been a neglected area of research, given the ubiquity of animals in human culture and history, and the dramatic change in our material relationships since the rise of agribusiness farming and pharmacological research, genetic experimentation, and the erosion of animal habitats.

4. ^ Churchman, David (1987). The Educational Role of Zoos: A Synthesis of the Literature (1928-1987) with Annotated Bibliography. California State University. p. 8. addressing the broad question of the relationship between animals and human culture. The committee argues that zoos should foster awareness of the involvement of animals in literature, music, history, art, medicine, religion, folklore, language, commerce, food, and adornment of the world's culture's, present and past

5. "Graphic detail Charts, maps and infographics. Counting chickens". The Economist. 27 July 2011. Archived from the original on 15 July 2016.

6. ^ "World Review of Fisheries and Aquaculture" (PDF). fao.org. FAO. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 August 2015.

7. ^

8. ^ "How Shellac Is Manufactured". The Mail (Adelaide, SA : 1912 - 1954). 18 Dec 1937.

9. ^ Pearnchob, N.; Siepmann, J.; Bodmeier, R. (2003). "Pharmaceutical applications of shellac: moisture-protective and taste-masking coatings and extended-release matrix tablets". Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. 29 (8): 925-938. doi:10.1081/ddc-120024188. PMID 14570313. S2CID 13150932.

10. ^ Schoeser, Mary (2007). Silk. Yale University Press. pp. 118, 121, 248. ISBN 978-0-300-11741-7.

11. ^ Munro, John H. (2007). Netherton, Robin; Owen-Crocker, Gale R. (eds.). The Anti-Red Shift - To the Dark Side: Colour Changes in Flemish Luxury Woollens, 1300-1500. Medieval Clothing and Textiles. Vol. 3. Boydell Press. pp. 56-57. ISBN 978-1-84383-291-1.

12. ^ Munro, John H. (2003). Jenkins, David (ed.). Medieval Woollens: Textiles, Technology, and Organisation. The Cambridge History of Western Textiles. Cambridge University Press. pp. 214-215. ISBN 978-0-521-34107-3.

13. ^ Pond, Wilson G. (2004). Encyclopedia of Animal Science. CRC Press. pp. 248-250. ISBN 978-0-8247-5496-9. Archived from the original on 2017-07-03.

14. ^ Doke, Sonali K.; Dhawale, Shashikant C. (July 2015). "Alternatives to animal testing: A review". Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 23 (3): 223-229. doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2013.11.002. PMC 4475840. PMID 26106269.

15. ^ Helen R. Pilcher (2003). "It's a knockout". Nature. doi:10.1038/news030512-17. Archived from the original on 8 April 2019.

16. ^ Y Zan et al., Production of knockout rats using ENU mutagenesis and a yeast-based screening assay, Nat. Biotechnol. (2003).Archived June 11, 2010, at the Wayback Machine

17. ^ "Animals in Healthcare Facilities" (PDF). 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04.

18. ^ USDA. "U.S. Rabbit Industry profile" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2013.

19. ^ Oxford English Dictionary, 1st ed. "anthropomorphism, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1885.

20. ^ Plous, S. (1993). "The Role of Animals in Human Society". Journal of Social Issues. 49 (1): 1-9. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1993.tb00906.x.

21. ^ Hummel, Richard (1994). Hunting and Fishing for Sport: Commerce, Controversy, Popular Culture. Popular Press. ISBN 978-0-87972-646-1.

22. ^ Nguyen, Jenny; Wheatley, Rick (2015). Hunting For Food: Guide to Harvesting, Field Dressing and Cooking Wild Game. F+W Media. pp. 6-77. ISBN 978-1-4403-3856-4. Archived from the original on 2017-07-27. Chapters on hunting deer, wild hog (boar), rabbit, and squirrel.

23. ^

24. ^ Paterson, Jennifer (29 October 2013). "Animals in Film and Media". Oxford Bibliographies. doi:10.1093/obo/9780199791286-0044. Archived from the original on 14 June 2016.

25. Tsutsui, William M. (April 2007). "Looking Straight at "Them!" Understanding the Big Bug Movies of the 1950s". Environmental History. 12 (2): 237-253. doi:10.1093/envhis/12.2.237. JSTOR 25473065.

26. ^ Warren, Bill (1997). Keep Watching the Skies! American Science Fiction Movies of the Fifties. McFarland & Company. pp. 325-326.

27. ^ Thompson, David (2008). 'Have You Seen ... ?' A Personal introduction to 1,000 Films. Knopf. p. 97. ISBN 978-0-375-71134-3.

28. Hearn, Lafcadio (1904). Kwaidan: Stories and Studies of Strange Things. Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-21901-1.

29. ^ Hutchins, M., Arthur V. Evans, Rosser W. Garrison and Neil Schlager (Eds) (2003) Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia, 2nd edition. Volume 3, Insects. Gale, 2003.

30. ^ Robert Hans van Gulik. Hayagrīva: The Mantrayānic Aspect of Horse-cult in China and Japan. Brill Archive. p. 9.

31. ^ Read, Kay Almere; Gonzalez, Jason J. (2000). Mesoamerican Mythology. Oxford University Press. pp. 132-134.

32. Berrin, Katherine & Larco Museum. ^ The Spirit of Ancient Peru:Treasures from the Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1997.

33. ^ Wunn, Ina (January 2000). "Beginning of Religion". Numen. 47 (4): 417-452. doi:10.1163/156852700511612.

34. ^ McCone, Kim R. (1987). Meid, W. (ed.). Hund, Wolf, und Krieger bei den Indogermanen. Studien zum indogermanischen Wortschatz. Innsbruck. pp. 101-154.

35. Lau, Theodora, ^ The Handbook of Chinese Horoscopes, pp. 2-8, 30-5, 60-4, 88-94, 118-24, 148-53, 178-84, 208-13, 238-44, 270-78, 306-12, 338-44, Souvenir Press, New York, 2005

36. ^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Animals in Christian Art". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

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Human uses of animals (non-human species) include both practical uses, such as the production of food and clothing, and symbolic uses, such as in art, literature, mythology, and religion. All of these are elements of culture, broadly understood. Animals used in these ways include fish, crustaceans, insects, molluscs, mammals and birds.

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From the dog sitting on your couch to the near-mythical narwhal in the depths of the Arctic ocean, animals play a key role in environmental protection and human wellness. Let's take a look at some of the miraculous ways animals help us.

1. Bees are powerful pollinators.

Did you know about one-third of the world's food depends on pollination? Many of the earth's plants-about 30% of the world's crops and 90% of our wild plants-depend on these little heroes. As they buzz from plant to plant, bees are powerful pollinators and play a vital role in the ecosystem, so the next time you find a wildflower, you can thank a busy bee.

2. Beavers combat climate change.

These woodland creatures have proved incredibly adept at naturally regulating ecosystems. Their gnawing and damming reduce flooding and wildfire damage, preserve fish populations, and conserve freshwater reservoirs-key to combating the effects of climate change. So when it comes to much-needed river ecosystem regulation, leave it to the beavers.

3. Llamas patrol farms.

In addition to being a farm animal with a particularly low environmental impact and a sweet tooth for invasive weed species, llamas have also been found to be incredibly effective guard animals. Yes, guard llamas. These sociable creatures bond with herd animals, which makes them instinctively protective against predators and an invaluable asset to shepherds and ranchers.

4. Rats detect landmines.

Rats get a bad rap but with their keen sense of smell and trainability, they've been found to be exceptionally suited to work as landmine detectors. More efficient than metal detectors and cheaper than dogs, rats (nicknamed HeroRats) are being trained to sniff out landmines, allowing previously unusable land to once again be productive.

5. Squirrels help trees take root.

While you may know them as your neighborhood park dwellers, squirrels' natural habitat is the forest where they play a major role as nature's tree planters. These forgetful little creatures' nut-gathering and storing have a big impact when their forgotten nut stashes take root and grow into the trees and forests that sustain our ecosystem.

6. Narwhals assist scientists.

Otherwise known as the "unicorns of the sea," these deep divers are instrumental to NASA scientists' tracking of temperature changes in Greenland's arctic. Researchers have employed narwhals, fitted with radio transmitters, to collect data from the hard-to-reach depths of the Arctic on water salinity, temperature, and impact of the increasingly warm ocean water on Greenland's glaciers.

7. Elephants create a source of water for other species.

Not only are they major tourist attractions for many countries who depend on this economic boost, the elephant is also one of the most intelligent animals on the planet and key to the biodiversity of its ecosystem. During dry seasons, elephants use their large tusks to dig for water-providing some much-needed relief from the heat for other animals.

8. Birds balance nature.

The ecological handyman, birds really do it all: from reforestation and seed pollination to pest control and soil fertilization. Whether in a forest, on a farm, or simply in a garden, these feathered friends play a vital role in keeping nature balanced and indicating when it's not.

9. Octopi are avid recyclers.

An unlikely ally, octopi are resourceful creatures with a talent for recycling. They put their tentacles to work reusing and reducing waste through their creative use of glass containers, coconut shells, and other debris to create shelters. And while one man's trash is an octopus' treasure, we can all learn a little something about "reduce, reuse, recycle."

10. Dogs do it all.

Dogs are considered by many to be humanity's best friend for many reasons. From astute service dogs guiding those with visual impairments to loyal friends providing emotional support to search and rescue canines saving lives, this animal has broad positive effects on our world and well-being.
Animals do a lot for us. Repay the favor with a donation to a vetted project devoted to animals. Or "adopt" an animal project by committing to a monthly donation, and GlobalGiving will match your first gift, dollar for dollar! ADOPT AN ANIMAL PROJECT

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From the dog sitting on your couch to the near-mythical narwhal in the depths of the Arctic ocean, animals play a key role in environmental protection and human wellness.

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1. Trees
2. Water
3. Earth/Soil
4. Oil
5. Living Things.

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Natural Resources eLearning Video Lesson for Kids