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The women's suffrage movement began to take shape in the mid-19th century. The Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 marked the first women's rights convention in the United States, where conventioners declared men and women are created equal with civic rights, including the right to vote.

Wyoming granted women's suffrage in 1869, becoming the first territory to do so.

Utah followed suit in 1870, allowing women to cast ballots

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The movement faced challenges and setbacks despite growing momentum.

Susan B. Anthony was arrested in 1872 for registering and voting in Rochester, New York, arguing the Fourteenth Amendment gave her the right to vote. The Supreme Court ruled in 1875 that the Fourteenth Amendment did not grant women the right to vote. However, some states and territories continued to grant women's suffrage, including Colorado in 1893 and Idaho in 1896

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The early 20th century saw increased national attention to the women's suffrage movement. The National American Woman

Suffrage Association (NAWSA) was formed in 1890, and notable figures like Alice Paul and Lucy Burns organized protests and marches. Montana elected Jeannette Rankin, the first woman in Congress, in

1916. President Woodrow Wilson promised the Democratic Party Platform would endorse women's suffrage the same year

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The movement gained momentum in the late 1910s. President Wilson declared his support for women's suffrage in 1918, and the U.S. House passed a federal suffrage amendment. The Senate finally passed the amendment on June 4, 1919. The 19th Amendment was certified as law on August 18, 1920, granting American women the national right to vote

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The women's suffrage movement paved the way for future feminist movements and social change. The League of Women Voters was formed in 1920, and women's suffrage became a model for other social justice movements. The struggle for women's suffrage demonstrated the power of collective action and perseverance in achieving fundamental rights