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Deforestation and forest degradation are urgent issues related to our planet's forests: about 47% of the world's forests face a high risk of deforestation or degradation by 2030. While both harm the health of forests, there is a difference between deforestation and forest degradation.

Deforestation refers to the cutting down of a forest, eliminating it completely, to make room for something else in its place.
References
https://www.worldwildlife.org/descubre-wwf/historias/la-degradacion-de-los-bosques-por-que-afecta-a-las-personas-y-la-vida-silvestre

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Causes

1. Industrial agriculture.
2. Urbanization.
3. Overexploitation of timber resources.
4. Climate change.

References
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/es/article/20221019STO44561/las-causas-de-la-deforestacion-y-la-respuesta-de-la-ue

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CONSEQUENCES
Social
can threaten livelihoods,
the culture and survival of forest-dependent populations,
including indigenous peoples; weaken local and national economies; provoke social conflicts over resources
Political
1. conflicts over land use
2. International tension
3. Changes in environmental policy
Environmental
habitat loss for millions of species

References
https://www.fao.org/sustainable-forest-management/toolbox/modules-alternative/reducing-deforestation/basic-knowledge/es/
http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1909-04552016000200014

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Climate change refers to long-term changes in temperatures and weather patterns. These changes may be natural, due to variations in solar activity or large volcanic eruptions.

References
https://www.un.org/es/climatechange/what-is-climate-change

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Causes

1. Power generation
2. Manufactured products
3.Forest felling
4. Transportation

References
https://www.un.org/es/climatechange/climate-solutions/cities-pollution

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CONSEQUENCES

Social

1. Demographic impact
2. Increase in poverty
3. Health
4. Food
Political
1. Demographic impact
2. Increase in poverty
3. Health
4. Food

Environmental
1. Higher temperatures
2. More intense storms
3. Increase in drought

References
https://www.un.org/es/climatechange/science/key-findings#temperature-rise
https://empresasporelclima.es/actualidad/4230-consecuencias-sociales-del-cambio-climatico

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Marine pollution is the result of pollution of the oceans. Until the 1970s, there was a popular belief that due to the large amount of water in the oceans, it had the ability to dilute all contaminants without generating consequences in the environment.
References
https://www.ecologiaverde.com/contaminacion-marina-causas-y-consecuencias-1518.html

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Causes

1. Global warming.
2. Deforestation.
3. Industrial, agricultural and livestock activities.
4.Garbage and sewage discharges.
5. Maritime traffic.
6. Fuel spills.
References
https://www.iberdrola.com/sostenibilidad/contaminacion-del-agua

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CONSEQUENCES

Social

It deteriorates the resilience of the ecosystem and poses a danger to human health if contaminated fish and seafood are consumed.

Environmental

Loss of marine biodiversity

Political
International conflicts over marine resources

References
https://www.lineaverdehuelva.com/lv/consejos-ambientales/Contaminacion-de-mares-y-oceanos-un-problema-que-afecta-a-todos/Consecuencias-de-la-contaminacion-de-los-oceanos.asp