# data[].attributes.headline
Common Names: Joe Pye Plant, Joe-Pye Weed, Gravel Root, Purple Boneset, Hempweed

# data[].attributes.subject
Common Names: Joe Pye Plant, Joe-Pye Weed, Gravel Root, Purple Boneset, Hempweed

# data[].attributes.headline
Common Names: Bulrush, Reeds, and Pencil Reeds

# data[].attributes.subject
Common Names: Bulrush, Reeds, and Pencil Reeds

# data[].attributes.body
Wet locations

Ponds

Marshes

Lakes

Fluctuating water levels

Little canopy cover

Acidic to circumneutral soils with high organic matter

# data[].attributes.body
They need:

Sun

Moist soil

Wet, marshy conditions

Predators:

Beetles

Frogs

Herons

# data[].attributes.body
How to Grow and Care for Bulrushes - PictureThis

PictureThis - Plant Identifier App

https://www.picturethisai.com › care › Scirpoides

https://www.invasive.org/browse/subinfo.cfm?sub=27027&cat=50

https://www.dnr.state.mn.us/aquatic_plants/emergent_plants/bulrushes.html#:~:text=Common%20names%3A%20Reeds%2C%20pencil%20reeds,bulrush%20grows%20on%20mud%20bottoms.

https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/food-chain/323520#:~:text=A%20wetland%20food%20chain%20might,and%20herons%20(tertiary%20consumers).

https://www.fws.gov/species/northeastern-bulrush-scirpus-ancistrochaetus

https://www.britannica.com/plant/bulrush

# data[].attributes.headline
Common Names: Sunfish, Poisson Lune, Schwimmender Kopf, Putol, Manbo, Toppled car fish, Bezador

# data[].attributes.subject
Common Names: Sunfish, Poisson Lune, Schwimmender Kopf, Putol, Manbo, Toppled car fish, Bezador

# data[].attributes.headline
Common Names: Coontail, Coon's Tail, (Rigid) Hornwort

# data[].attributes.subject
Common Names: Coontail, Coon's Tail, (Rigid) Hornwort

# data[].attributes.body
Areas that have high soil calcium levels

Tolerates poor water clarity

Low oxygen levels

# data[].attributes.body
They eat:

Scraping algae

Detritus

Occasional invertebrate from cobble, plants, or loose sediment

Predators:

Birds

Almost all freshwater pufferfish

# data[].attributes.headline
Region: Southeastern United States, Central and Southeast Europe; introduced into United Kingdom, Sandinavia and Spain

# data[].attributes.subject
Region: Southeastern United States, Central and Southeast Europe; introduced into United Kingdom, Sandinavia and Spain

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.maine.gov/dep/water/monitoring/biomonitoring/sampling/bugs/snails.html#:~:text=The%20second%20type%20of%20snail,absorbs%20the%20oxygen%20it%20contains.

Pulmonata (Lung-Bearing Snails and Slugs)

Encyclopedia.com

https://www.encyclopedia.com › environment › pulmona...

https://therouge.org/creature-feature-freshwater-snails/#:~:text=Lunged%20snails%20(subclass%3A%20Pulmonata),held%20with%20the%20tip%20up.

Land Snail Ecology - Mollusks : Carnegie Museum of Natural History

Mollusks : Carnegie Museum of Natural History

https://www.carnegiemnh.org › science › landsnailecology

https://www.maine.gov/dep/water/monitoring/biomonitoring/sampling/bugs/snails.html#:~:text=Most%20snails%20feed%20by%20scraping,and%20detritus%20and%20filter%20feeding.

https://www.carnegiemnh.org/science/mollusks/predators.html#:~:text=Vertebrate%20predators%20of%20snails%20and,%2C%20blackbirds%2C%20and%20wild%20turkey.

What eats pest snails in aquarium?

Aquarium Co-Op

https://www.aquariumcoop.com › blogs › faqs › what-ea...

# data[].attributes.body
Sand-bottomed lakes

Muddy ponds

Large, swift rivers, and slow streams

Aquatic habitat

# data[].attributes.body
Clubtail Dragonfly Nymph's eat: Insects (and larvae), other dragonfly nymphs, worms, small crustaceans

Predators: Fish and birds

# data[].attributes.body
Seattle area of Washington, south through Oregon, to the northern half of California

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.nps.gov/articles/dragonfly-larvae.htm#:~:text=Dragonfly%20larvae%20are%20an%20important,humans%20who%20eat%20those%20fish.

Pacific clubtail

The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation

https://www.xerces.org › at-risk-aquatic-invertebrates › p...

Dragonfly Nymph - Life Cycle Corner

Amazon Web Services

https://sitesmedia.s3.amazonaws.com › 2013/12

# data[].attributes.body
Dense colonies in quiet waters of lakes, ponds, marshes and streams, at depths up to 6 meters (20 feet)

High-nutrient waters

# data[].attributes.body
Predators: Leaves and seeds of coontail are eaten by waterfowl

It eats/needs: Absorbs nutrients from water

# data[].attributes.body
Coontail (Hornwort) - Missouri Department of Conservation

Missouri Department of Conservation (.gov)

https://mdc.mo.gov › discover-nature › field-guide › co...

Coontail: The Positives and Negatives of an Aquatic Plant

Noble Research Institute

https://www.noble.org › ... › Pasture and Range

Coontail (Cerstophyllum demersum), a Native Aquatic Plant of ...

New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station

https://njaes.rutgers.edu › ...

coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum) - iNaturalist

iNaturalist

https://www.inaturalist.org › taxa › 60997-Ceratophyllu...

# data[].attributes.body
Tolerate both turbid and clear water and prefer slow moving streams and ponds, but also do well in lakes with weedy shorelines

# data[].attributes.body
Eats: Insects, tiny fish, crustaceans, and other small prey

Predators: Larger fishes, such as Largemouth Bass, and humans

# data[].attributes.body
Species and Distribution - Ocean Sunfish |

Ocean Sunfish.org

https://oceansunfish.org › species-and-distribution

https://dnr.illinois.gov/education/wildaboutpages/wildaboutfishes/wafsunfish.html#:~:text=Family%20Centrarchidae%20%2D%20Sunfish%20Family,-%E2%80%8BKingdom%3A%20Animalia&text=They%20are%20laterally%20compressed%2C%20have,nests%20and%20guard%20their%20young.

Green Sunfish - NDOW

Nevada Department of Wildlife

https://www.ndow.org › species › green-sunfish

Centrarchidae - Wikipedia

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Centrarchidae

What Do Sunfish Eat? - Freshwater Fishing News

Freshwater Fishing News

https://www.freshwater-fishing-news.com › 2010/09 › w...

Lepomis cyanellus

Smithsonian Institution

https://invasions.si.edu › nemesis › species_summary

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Perciformes Family: Centrarchidae - The members of this family occur naturally only in the fresh waters of North America.

# data[].attributes.body
Marshes, riverine (in rivers or streams), shores of rivers or lakes, weland margins (edges of wetlands)

# data[].attributes.body
Predators: Birds and butterflies

Needs to survive: Nitrogen, iron, zinc, manganese, potassium, and phosphorus

# data[].attributes.body
https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/myosotis/scorpioides/

https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/greatlakes/FactSheet.aspx?Species_ID=2686

water forget-me-not (Myosotis scorpioides)

iNaturalist

https://www.inaturalist.org › taxa › 49130-Myosotis-sco...

How to Plant and Grow Forget-Me-Not

Better Homes & Gardens

https://www.bhg.com › plant-dictionary › perennial › for...

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Myosotis scorpioides (water forget-me-not): Go Botany

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Copyright: various copyright holders. To reuse an image, please click it to see who you will need to contact.

# data[].attributes.body
Damp habitats

Grows in water

Full sun/partial shade

Wildlife ponds

Bog gardens

Shallow margins

Channels of streams, rivers, pools, dikes, ditches, canals, wet meadows, marshes and fens

# data[].attributes.body
Predators: Insects, small tortoiseshell, peacock and comma butterflies, green tortoise beetle

Needs to survive: minerals, water, and sunlight

# data[].attributes.headline
Region: Europe, northern Africa, western Asia, North and South America, Australia, and some Atlantic islands

# data[].attributes.subject
Region: Europe, northern Africa, western Asia, North and South America, Australia, and some Atlantic islands

# data[].attributes.body
https://paulkirtley.co.uk/2011/water-mint-mentha-aquatica/

Water mint | The Wildlife Trusts

The Wildlife Trusts

https://www.wildlifetrusts.org › wildflowers › water-mint

Mentha aquatica - Wikipedia

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Mentha_aquatica

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Water Mint, Mentha aquatica - A Not So Wild Tea

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Water Mint, Mentha aquatica, is widely distributed and common. A good plant for foragers interested in bushcraft & survival, it has a food and medicinal uses.

# data[].attributes.body
Lie buried just beneath surface

Lakes, rivers, streams

# data[].attributes.body
Predators: birds, fish, crabs, starfish and sea urchins, molluscs, and flatworms

They need: Low levels of phosphate and nitrate

# data[].attributes.headline
Region: Eastern shores of North America and Central America

# data[].attributes.subject
Region: Eastern shores of North America and Central America

# data[].attributes.body
What is a bivalve mollusk? - NOAA's National Ocean Service

NOAA's National Ocean Service (.gov)

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov › facts › bivalve

Clam | Anatomy, Types, Habitat, Mollusk, Bivalve & Marine Life

Britannica

https://www.britannica.com › ... › Mollusks

https://www.digitalatlasofancientlife.org/learn/mollusca/bivalvia/#:~:text=Snapshot%3A%20Bivalvia&text=Habitat(s)%3A%20marine%20(salt,%2C%20rivers%2C%20and%20streams).&text=Geological%20range%3A%20Cambrian%20to%20today,gills%3B%20no%20head%20or%20radula.

Clams - Fishadelphia

Fishadelphia

https://fishadelphia.com › blogs › species › clams

Bivalve Predators and their Control - Wiley Online Library

Wiley Online Library

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com › doi › pdf

How to Take Care of a Live Clam: 13 Steps (with Pictures)

wikiHow

https://www.wikihow.com › ... › Fish › Aquariums

# data[].attributes.body
Full sun to partial shade

Moist to wet soils

# data[].attributes.body
Predators: Aphids, slug, snail

Need: Full sun to partly shady, fertile soil that holds moisture well (slightly acidic pH)

# data[].attributes.body
Eutrochium purpureum - Plant Finder

Joe Pye Weed Grow Guide - GrowVeg.com

GrowVeg.com

https://www.growveg.com › plants › us-and-canada › h...

https://www.thespruce.com/joe-pye-weed-eupatorium-purpureum-1402848

https://gardenseyeview.com/2013/07/29/wildflower-tale-joe-pye/#:~:text=Growing%20Conditions,do%20not%20bother%20this%20plant.

Missouri Botanical Garden

https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org › PlantFinder

https://www.monticello.org/research-education/thomas-jefferson-encyclopedia/joe-pye-weed/

# data[].attributes.body
Water temperatures between 68 F and 77 F and water currents 0.15 to 0.5 meters per second

Lakes with high calcium content

# data[].attributes.body
Predators: Crayfish, waterfowl and in small quantities by muskrats

They eat: phytoplankton, small zooplankton, large bacteria, and organic detritus

# data[].attributes.headline
Region: Caspian and Black Seas south of Russia and Ukraine, spread to Europe and US

# data[].attributes.subject
Region: Caspian and Black Seas south of Russia and Ukraine, spread to Europe and US

# data[].attributes.body
Zebra mussel : Dreissena polymorpha

Midwest Invasive Species Network

http://www.misin.msu.edu › Species Information

Zebra Mussels Fact Sheet - NH.gov

NH Department of Environmental Services (.gov)

https://www.des.nh.gov › files › files › documents

Zebra Mussel Fact Sheet - Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies

Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies

https://www.caryinstitute.org › curriculum-project

Zebra Mussel - Arvada, CO

Arvada, CO

https://www.arvadaco.gov › DocumentCenter › View › Z...

Invasive Zebra Mussels (U.S. National Park Service)

National Park Service (.gov)

https://www.nps.gov › articles › zebra-mussels