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The Napoleonic Wars saw France, under Napoleon Bonaparte, significantly shaping borders and political landscapes. They assisted the rise of nationalism and set the stage for future conflicts. This eventually resulted in a new power balance in Europe after the Congress of Vienna.

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The war was impoetant in shaping modern Europe, marking Greece's independence from the Ottoman Empire with support from Britain, France, and Russia. It weakened the Ottoman Empire and inspired other nationalist movements. Romanticized by European intellectuals and artists, it was seen as a struggle to free the birthplace of Western civilization and democracy.

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The war marked the decline of the Ottoman Empire. It involved major powers like Britain, France, and the Ottoman Empire. They fought against Russia's expansion and to maintain the balance of power. The war showcased modern military tactics and media coverage and the importance of logistics and medical care in a war.

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The war between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia resulted in Prussian leadership within the German states. This meant Austria was excluded from German affairs. This resulted in the creation of the formation of the North German Confederation this is a precursor to the German Empire.

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This war led to Germany's unification and shifted the balance of power in Europe, with the German Empire emerging as a dominant force. The defeat humiliated France, forcing them to surrender territory, which fueled deep resentment. This set the stage for future tensions, contributing to the outbreak of World War I.

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The Balkan Wars marked the decline of Ottoman influence in the region, leading to the emergence of independent states like Greece, Serbia, and Bulgaria. Nationalist ambitions created tensions, contributing to the outbreak of World War I and later the Yugoslav Wars. The conflicts highlighted the region's fragility and how local issues could escalate into problems for major European powers.

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World War I also known as the ''Great War'' it was fought across the globe and brought extraordinary amounts of devastation. It led to the collapse of major empires (Russian, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman and German) and this significantly changed the balance of power globally. The Treaty of Versailles redrew European boundaries and imposed hard conditions on Germany. This would set the stage for future conflicts, especially World War II.

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This civil war occurred just before World War II and involved ideological clashes between fascism, communism, and democracy. It pitted the Republican forces, composed of left-wing, anarchist, and communist groups, against the Nationalists led by General Francisco Franco. The war attracted international attention, with European countries offering support to both sides. The Nationalists’ victory established Franco's authoritarian rule, and the conflict set the stage for the broader tensions that would lead to World War II.

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World War II was the largest and most brutal conflict of the 20th century, fought globally between the Axis powers (Nazi Germany, Italy, and Japan) and the Allies (USSR, USA, and the UK). It caused massive loss of life and widespread destruction. In the war’s aftermath, Europe was divided into two ideological blocs, leading to the Cold War. The war also resulted in the creation of the United Nations and the European Union, both established to prevent future conflicts on such a scale.

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The collapse of Yugoslavia led to several ethnic conflicts fueled by regional tensions. The wars caused significant loss of life, including genocide and mass displacement. They resulted in the creation of new independent states in the Balkans. The conflicts prompted an international response, including NATO intervention, particularly during the Kosovo War.