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I am an Indigenous Australian from the Yamatji region. It comes from my Mum's dad, who has just returned to her life, so we're trying to learn more about our history and culture through him. Although I know little about my culture, I embrace it proudly and openly when appropriate.

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The art most common in my culture is dot painting. This art uses vivid colours, shapes, and placement to tell a story, generally about the land or traditional practices.

Japingka Aboriginal Art (n.d.). Aboriginal Artworks Collections. https://japingkaaboriginalart.com/articles/aboriginal-dot-painting/

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Australian Aboriginal Dot Painting - Japingka Gallery

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Australian Aboriginal dot painting typifies the style of Central Desert Aboriginal art. Learn more about this important art style.

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In the Aboriginal culture, the central belief is spirituality. Again, we believe that we are linked to our land and have spirits protecting our land, too, especially Aboriginal heritage sites.

We also believe in the Dreamtime and have many fun and exciting stories about how we think the world came about.

[The Big BANG Bookstore]. (2021, November 9). Aboriginal Dreaming stories by Yamatji-Noongar storyteller and artist Aunty Rhonda Collard-Spratt and Jacki Ferro [Video]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=392673712513123

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Aboriginal Dreaming stories by Yamatji-Noongar storyteller and artist Aunty @Rhonda Collard-Spratt and @Jacki Ferro start with Book 1: Grandfather Emu... | By The Big BANG Bookstore | Facebook

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Aboriginal Dreaming stories by Yamatji-Noongar storyteller and artist Aunty @Rhonda Collard-Spratt and @Jacki Ferro start with Book 1: Grandfather Emu...

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In the Aboriginal culture, we love hunting. From kangaroos to emus to crocodiles, we'll eat it all. The First Nations people know the land well, so knowing how to catch food isn't too challenging.

In my family, my grandma goes out kangaroo hunting in Moora. She gives the tails to the dogs and uses the rest of the meat to make a delicious kangaroo stew with bread. Kangaroo is a very nutritious and healthy meat.

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To me, health means physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. Physical and mental health are linked, so when one is affected, the other also depletes. In Aboriginal culture, spirituality is a vital aspect of our health. We believe everything is connected, especially the land with us, so the land being damaged and destroyed or losing touch with our connection to our land can severely affect our health.

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In the Aboriginal culture, the leading sports are AFL (Australian Football League) and netball. I grew up playing netball for 14 years and even participated in a few exclusive Aboriginal tournaments. For footy, they have a competition called the 'Nicky Winmar Cup,' an Aboriginal contest celebrating an Aboriginal football player.

Wilson, M. (2022). Collingwood Magpies forward Bobby Hill thankful for support after brilliant return from testicular cancer [Photograph]. The West Australian. https://thewest.com.au/sport/collingwood-magpies/collingwood-magpies-forward-bobby-hill-thankful-for-support-after-brilliant-return-from-testicular-cancer-c-10074773

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Refugees coming to Australia from third-world countries or active war countries probably haven't worked much, meaning they come over with little money. Trying to secure housing in Australia with little money is extremely difficult. These people probably have to board with others or even live in tents until they make a plan, which is not ideal for anyone's health. Australia has also had a housing crisis since COVID-19, leaving many families and people homeless. Again, this would make housing for a refugee in Australia even harder.

Another example of a social determinant affecting refugees in Australia would be education. Going from an active war or third-world country to a first-world country is bound to have educational gaps. If refugees come over with their children, their children will have to play catch-up in school. The advancement in Australia we have with technology, health, and medicine is also far more significant than in third-world countries, making this very foreign to our refugees. As healthcare workers, we need to emphasize to our refugees what good health is and how it can be achieved.

Other examples of social determinants of health for refugees in Australia are social inclusion and non-discrimination. Overall, Australia is a welcoming, multicultural, embracing country. Unfortunately, there is always a tiny minority of people who don't want to share the culture with refugees. Whether due to religious beliefs, personal beliefs, or the era in which these people were raised, it's still a real issue. Again, things like this can lead to mental health issues such as depression.

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In my culture, we have our own instruments that we play. The didgeridoo is traditionally played by men for ceremonies. It is deemed offensive for a woman to play, and there are many superstitions around a woman playing it, such as infertility.

Dalton, D. (2020). Traditional aboriginal didgeridoo instrument at Kuranda Railway Station of Kuranda Scenic Railway , Cairns, Australia. [Photograph]. https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/traditional-aboriginal-didgeridoo-instrument-at-kuranda-railway-station-of-kuranda-gm1211846348-351603955

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Dealing with health problems of refugees

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Dealing with health problems of refugees

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In Syria, there is currently an active war. Many Syrian refugees coming to Australia are possibly fighting many mental health diseases such as anxiety, depression, and PTSD. The best way to treat this would be to stop them at the border and have mental health experts and doctors ready to screen and assist. Free counseling services should be available to these refugees, and medication should be provided if/as needed.

Syrian refugees should also be screened and checked for immunisation history. Australia's immunisation requirements are probably different from what is required in Syria, and these people must be immunised to ensure they're safe in our communities.

Another problem to look out for is anaemia and other blood conditions. This can be achieved by doing a complete blood examination and providing supplements and infusions when necessary.

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In this framework, the standard in domain 7 that resonated most with me was 12.1 'Clinicians develop and maintain an awareness of their own culture, beliefs, values and biases, and their impact on clinicians interactions in health care settings.' As a student nurse, this upset me as i believe it shouldn't be a clinical skill, it should be an interpersonal one. Problems like these are ones I've never had to think about dealing with, but it saddens me how many people do have to worry about dealing with nurses like this. As a student nurse, I'm going to make sure i always speak up for these people if I see any misconduct arise, and make sure I always have my patients feeling safe in care, regardless of age, gender, beliefs, or ethnicity.