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October 17, 1887: French makes Indochina a colony

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October 17, 1887: French makes Indochina a colony

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Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia were all regulated by France, which was called French Indochina. This region become one of France's most prominent assets. European missionaries were welcomed in Indochina for their skills and achievements.

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1920s: Ho Chi Minh studies communism in the Soviet Union 

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1920s: Ho Chi Minh studies communism in the Soviet Union 

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Ho Chi Minh became a communist in the 1920s and was called to Moscow. He studied the Marxist Doctrine and also worked at the Comintern headquarters.

Ho Chi Minh: He served as Prime Minister of Vietnam from 1945 to 1955 and from 1955 to 1969, he was the president of Vietnam. He was also the founder and leader of the Vietnamese communist movement.

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December 19, 1946: Viet Minh begin a guerilla war against the French 

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December 19, 1946: Viet Minh begin a guerilla war against the French 

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This guerilla war was known as the First Indochina war which used guerilla tactics and conventional methods of warfare. They obtained equipment and financial aid from the Soviet Union and China. The war happened between France and Viet Minh.

Viet Minh: It was formed in China in May 1941 by Ho Chi Minh and the Indochinese Communist Party. Their goal was to achieve the independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Guerrilla War: Form of warfare where irregulars use fast-moving and small-scale actions. They also utilize different military tactics, such as ambushes, sabotage, and raids.

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March 12, 1947: The Truman Doctrine is issued

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March 12, 1947: The Truman Doctrine is issued

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The Truman Doctrine was established by President Harry S. Truman and it was a message that stated the United States would provide political, military, and economic aid to all democratic nations if they were threatened by authoritarian forces. It shifted the American foreign policy.

Truman Doctrine: An address presented by Truman in his speech that occured before a joint session of Congress. The message in his speech asked Congress for money that would assist Turkey and Greece.

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August 4, 1953: President Eisenhower proclaims the Domino Theory

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August 4, 1953: President Eisenhower proclaims the Domino Theory

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President Eisenhower made a speech before the U.S. Governors' Conference in Seattle that cautioned citizens of the negative impacts the military situation in Asia has left on the United states. His speech invoked the domino theory, where he proposes that Indochina submitting to the communists will create a domino effect in Southeast Asia.

Domino Theory: the idea that communists taking over Indochina will force other Asian countries to follow.

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May 7, 1954: French are humiliated at Dien Bien Phu 

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May 7, 1954: French are humiliated at Dien Bien Phu 

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After the French were defeated in battle, they pulled out of the region and became humiliated. This led to the downfall of the French government and ceased French colonial rule in Asia where Indochina was no longer ruled by the French.

Dien Bien Phu: It was the site where the French were defeated by Viet Minh.

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July 21, 1954: The Geneva Accords divides Vietnam in two 

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July 21, 1954: The Geneva Accords divides Vietnam in two 

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In Vietnam, the accords established two regroupment zones, which were separated by a demilitarized zone along the 17th parallel. This limited activities of foreign military forces in Southeast Asia. The French forces were also required to leave the southern part of the demilitarized zone and Communist forces in the north.

The Geneva Accords: A peace agreement that divided Vietnam into two sections where the North was controlled by the communist and the South was not. It also consisted of documents that discussed military agreements and elections.

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May 1961: President John Kennedy sends helicopters and 400 Green Berets to South Vietnam

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May 1961: President John Kennedy sends helicopters and 400 Green Berets to South Vietnam

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Kennedy allowed for an undercover operation in South Vietnam to prevent communists from taking over. This permitted military, political, and economical actions to be done in the region.
Green Berets: The United States Army special forces soldiers who operate in any environment and fight using guerilla warfare tactics.

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June 1963: A 73-year-old monk immolates himself while sitting at a major city intersection in protest

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June 1963: A 73-year-old monk immolates himself while sitting at a major city intersection in protest

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Thich Quang Duc was a Vietnamese Mahayana Buddhist monk who immolated himself. He did it in an act of resistance against the corrupt government. This was done when he was protesting against the oppression of Buddhists by the South Vietnamese government, which was led by Ngo Dinh Diem.

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November 22, 1963: President Kennedy is assassinated

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November 22, 1963: President Kennedy is assassinated

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Kennedy was assassinated in downtown Dallas, Texas as he rode in a motorcycle through Dealey Plaza. A Catholic Priest was also called to the area to administer the last rites.