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As the heart of the Empire, Rome was the largest city in the world with nearly 1 million inhabitants! The city featured the magnificent Colosseum, the Forum, and the Pantheon. From here, all major roads of the empire began - remember the saying 'all roads lead to Rome'! The city showcased the empire's power through its impressive architecture and engineering.

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43 CE: Londinium - Rome's Gateway to Britain

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43 CE: Londinium - Rome's Gateway to Britain

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Londinium (modern-day London) was established after the Roman invasion of Britain. It became a major trading port and administrative center for Roman Britain. The Romans built a massive wall around the city, parts of which can still be seen today! The city represented Rome's northernmost major settlement.

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330 BCE: Alexandria - Cultural Center of the Empire

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330 BCE: Alexandria - Cultural Center of the Empire

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Founded by Alexander the Great and later incorporated into the Roman Empire, Alexandria was the second-largest city in the Roman world. It was home to the famous Library of Alexandria and the Lighthouse (one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World). The city was crucial for supplying grain to Rome.

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100 CE: Carthage - Rome's African Powerhouse

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100 CE: Carthage - Rome's African Powerhouse

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Once Rome's greatest rival, Carthage became one of the most important cities in the Roman Empire. It was the capital of the Africa Province and a major center of trade, agriculture, and learning. The city's harbor was one of the largest in the empire, crucial for shipping grain to Rome.

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Though conquered by Rome, Athens remained a major cultural and philosophical center. Romans respected and adopted much of Greek culture and education. The city was adorned with new buildings by Roman emperors, including Hadrian's Library and the Temple of Olympian Zeus.

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Antioch was the third-largest city in the Roman Empire and the capital of the province of Syria. It was a crucial military base for Roman campaigns against the Parthians and a melting pot of cultures where Greek, Roman, and Middle Eastern traditions merged.

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100 CE: Ephesus - Trade Hub of Asia Minor

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100 CE: Ephesus - Trade Hub of Asia Minor

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Ephesus was one of the largest and most important cities in the Roman Empire. Its Temple of Artemis was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The city's strategic location made it a major commercial center, and its impressive Library of Celsus showed its cultural importance.

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50 CE: Lutetia - Paris of the Roman World

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50 CE: Lutetia - Paris of the Roman World

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Lutetia (modern-day Paris) was an important Roman city in Gaul. The Romans developed it with typical urban features including a forum, baths, and an amphitheater. The city was strategically located on the Seine River, making it an important trading center.