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Thomas Hobbes was born in 1588 and raised in Malmesbury, England.

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Leviathan

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Thomas Hobbes wrote a social contact theory. This theory set a platform of states and legitimate governments and created an objective science of morality. This was during the Age of Enlightenment in Europe during the 18th century. This age was a philosophical movement that dominated the world with ideas.

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John Locke was born during 1632 at a village in England named Wrington.

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Two Treatises of Government

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John Locke was known as "The Father of Liberalism." His works help develop the social contact theory along with Hobbes but most importantly worked on political theory. He argued that civil society was founded by "divinely sanctioned patriarchalism," and secondly, he outlines a theory on civil society.

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Baron do Montesquieu was born in early 1689 at a commune in France, named La Brède.

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The Spirit of Laws (added to Index Librorum Prohibitorum)

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Montesquieu like Locke was a influential political philosopher. He covered many topics in his anonymously published book including the law, social life, and study of anthropology (humans). He even provided over 3,000 commendations. He had the idea to separate powers in a government which shaped our modern democracy.

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Voltaire was born at Paris, France, in 1694.

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The Treatise on Tolerance

The Philosophical Dictionary

The Age of Louis XIV

The Essay on the Customs and the Spirit of the Nations

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Voltaire was known for his writings on enlightenment, he was also a historian, and known for his wit when it came to philosophy. You can see his political and philosophical views on any of his writings and his works also usually contained a phrase in French translated to "crush the infamous." He also had a huge influence on his development of historiography.

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Roussaeu is from Geneva, Switzerland and was born in 1712.

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The Disclosure on the Origins of Inequality

Disclosures on the Moral Effects of the Arts and Sciences

The Social Contract

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Rosseau was a Francophone Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer. His philosophical political views influenced the enlightenment across Europe and France.

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Mary Wollstonecraft was born in London, England in 1759

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Rights of Woman

The Female Reader

Thoughts on the Education of Daughters

Original Stories from Real Life

A Vindication of the Rights of Man

A Vindcation of the Rights of Woman

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Wollstonecraft's early works were on education. She speaks on topics like self-discipline, honesty, frugality, and social commitment. She later on wrote responses to Edmund Burke's reflections on the revolution in France.