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Jesus and John have graceful little bodies that interact with Mary. Raphael reworks a composition by Leonardo. He groups them in a pyramid. 1507

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Michelangelo's David was done in 1505 and mean to be put on top of a facad buttress on the Florence Cathedral. It instead put in front of Palazzo Della Segnoria

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1526 here he takes a sacra conversazione he sets the virgin and child at the apex of the triangle of figures. The infant is as natural and pudgy as in Bacchanal

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Titian, Madonna with Members of the Pesaro Family

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Titian, Madonna with Members of the Pesaro Family

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After Raphael's death, Titian become the most sought after portraitist of the age. The sitter's identity is unknown, he makes eye contact with the viewer 

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It's hard to interpret Giorg's pieces. The man on the right has been identified as  a shepherd warrior or an angel while the woman, Eve Hagar Venus and nature

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1508-11 This fresco seems to depict a group of famous Greek philosophers gathered around Plato and Aristotle. He groups his figures like Leonardo's  

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Raphael's School of Athens, Stanza della Segnatura, Vatican

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Raphael's School of Athens, Stanza della Segnatura, Vatican

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Driven by Mikey's desire to resume work on the tomb, Mike finished the Sistine Chapel ceiling in only 4 years. 1508-1512. 

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Michelangelo's Ceiling fresco of Sistine Chapel, Vatican, Rome

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Michelangelo's Ceiling fresco of Sistine Chapel, Vatican, Rome

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After the exile of the Medici, Mikey worked in Rome where a French cardinal commissioned him to carve a pieta for his tomb chapel close to St Peter's.  1498

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Spanish ruler commissioned Bramante around 1500 to build a structure to mark the supposed site of St Peter's crucifixion. This structure serves as a  martyrium 

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1503-05 Oil on panel, for unknown reasons Leonardo kept this painting possibly still working on it After his death in France the painting went to King Francis I

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1495-98 Leonardo's patron, Milan's Duke, commissioned him for this painting. It is an oil-temper medium on dry plaster it did not hold up well to the humidity

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Leonardo created this painting soon after arriving in Milan. Oil on panel 6'6" x 4'. It's held in the Louvre in Paris

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Leonardo da Vinci's The Virgin of the Rocks

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Leonardo da Vinci's The Virgin of the Rocks

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Savonarola spread wide panic through Florence during the late fifteenth century. He called the Medici family out, criticizing  and blaming them their hand in

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(1463–94) Widely known philosopher of the Renaissance: Oration on the Dignity of Man is better known than any other philosophical  text of the fifteenth century

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A worldview centered on the nature and importance of humanity, that emerged from the study of Classical antiquity.

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 Petrarch was a scholar and poet of the early Italian Renaissance, and one of the earliest humanists. Responsible for the founding of Renaissance humanism

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Brunelleschi won the competition and was given the commission of completing the dome

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Known as Lorenzo the Magnificent, was an Italian statesman, banker, de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic, and the most powerful and enthusiastic patron of 

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Cosimo di Giovanni de' Medici was an Italian banker and politician who established the Medici family as effective rulers of Florence in the early renaissance

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A signoria (Italian: [siɲɲoˈriːa]) was the governing authority in many of the Italian city-states during the Medieval and Renaissance periods.

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Cimabue's painting of the Madonna and Child on the left is a lot more flat than Giotto on the right. In Giotto's painting you start to see the use of depth

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1482 Pope Sixtus IV sponsored a new chapel at the Vatican for the pope called the Sistine Chapel. Pietro was one of the artists chosen paint the walls. 

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Pietro Perugino, The Delivery of the Keys

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Pietro Perugino, The Delivery of the Keys

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Bellini produced many altarpieces of sacra converazione. The last known and the most monumental is this one. 1505 for the Benedictine convent of San Zaccaria

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1480 This painting depicts St. Francis  has just stepped out of his hermit shell. St Francis is so small compared to the landscape he almost seems accidental.

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Giovanni Bellini St. Francis in the Desert

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Giovanni Bellini St. Francis in the Desert

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1450's. Sebastian was an early Christian martyr  who was condemned to be executed by archers. Mantegna depicts the anatomically precise proportioned body tied.

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The painting depicts Venus in her sacred grove. It was mostly likely painted for a cousin of who grew up in household of Lorenzo. May have been for his wedding 

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Dated around 1480, this painting depicts and old man and a young boy who's relationship in unknown, thought it's thought they are 2 generations in one family. 

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Domenico Ghirlandaio, An Old Man and  Young Boy

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Domenico Ghirlandaio, An Old Man and  Young Boy

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Annunciation is placed at the entry to the dormitory the friars living quarters in Florence. The Angel and Mary are in a space close to the real architecture 

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Depicts the story told in Matthew as a continuous narrative. In the center Jesus instructs Peter to catch a fish, who's mouth will contain money for the tax guy

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Masaccio is using linear perspective in this piece. Medium is fresco. You see he makes use of depth and perspective looking at the barrel vault, it gives depth.

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Masaccio. The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John, and Two Donors

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Masaccio. The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John, and Two Donors

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This Bronze statue depicts Thomas seeking proof of the miracle of the resurrection by probing Christ's wound in his side. 

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This bronze relief sculpture is a panel apart of the "Gates of Paradise" of the Baptistry of San Giovanni in Florence. 

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Lorenzo Ghiberti, The Story of Jacob and Esau

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Lorenzo Ghiberti, The Story of Jacob and Esau

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This sculpture of Mary Magdalene was made by Donatello in his older years. It is a sculpture made of polar wood depicting Mary Magdalene later in her life. 6'1"

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The Feast of Herod is a bronze relief sculpture created by Donatello circa 1427. It was made for the font of the Siena Baptistery of San Giovanni in Italy. 

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Once stood on a high pedestal in the Medici palace. May be the first life size nude made since the antiquity. Bronze 5'2"

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Donatello's Saint Mark is a marble statue that stands approximately 7' 9" high and is displayed in the museum of the Orsanmichele church. 1411-13

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This cathedral was started in 1296, no one was able to complete this dome. Brunelleschi (and his TMNT Don) went down to Rome to look at ancient architecture. 

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Filippo Brunelleschi. Dome of Florence cathedral

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Filippo Brunelleschi. Dome of Florence cathedral

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Awesome/Emotional intensity of conception and execution in an artist or work of art, originally as a quality attributed to Michelangelo by his contemporaries

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Sfumato is a painting technique for softening the transition between colors, mimicking an area beyond what the human eye is focusing on.

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This technique compresses long objects to appear shorter, giving the illusion of depth

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Use of strong contrasts between light and dark, usually bold contrasts affecting a whole composition in art

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"Holy/sacred) conversation", is a genre developed in Italian Renaissance painting, with a depiction of the Virgin & Child amidst a group of saints 

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An elongated or continuous semicircular vault, shaped like a  half-cylinder. Also known as tunnel vault.

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A rectangular column, especially one projecting from a wall.

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You can see the pediment's above the windows of the Hospital of the innocent. Pediment: the triangular upper part of the front of a building in classical style

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Fillipo Brunelleschi is responsible for inventing linear perspective (or one point perspective)  Linear Perspective allowed art to have depth 

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Donatello's St. Mark is an example of the use of Contrapposto: describes a human figure standing with most of its weight on one foot

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an ornamental design of four lobes or leaves as used in architectural tracery, resembling a flower or four-leaf clover

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Panel for the Baptist Competition -Gilt bronze relief, 21x17"

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Lorenzo Ghiberti, The sacrifice of Isaac

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Lorenzo Ghiberti, The sacrifice of Isaac

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Panel for the Baptist Competition - Gilt bronze relief, 21x17"

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Filippo Brunelleschi, The Sacrifice of Isaac

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Filippo Brunelleschi, The Sacrifice of Isaac