# data[].attributes.body
"The Female Combatants" depicts two women fighting. One woman is english and is depicted wearing a long, nice dress, while the other is a native American woman. The indigenous woman is not wearing anything except for a skirt and feather headpiece. And in the photo, the english woman is calling the native woman a "rebellious slut." In this image, we can see what english people thought of natives at the time, looking at them as "uncivilized" and "rebellious" simply for trying to keep the land that was rightfully theirs. We also see them using this idea of "inferiority" to justify taking lands and wanting to be in control.

"The Able Doctor" is a little more complicated to me because it symbolizes the British forcing themselves on America and colonists, however it depicts the colonists as a native woman. I find this interesting because this cartoon is almost saying that America can be summarized by native culture, yet that is the culture they had been trying to eradicate since they arrived.

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatants show a brawl between "Mother England" and "daughter America" representing the tension between European vs. Indigenous ideology.
"The Able Doctor" shows an English doctor forcing an indigenous woman to drink tea. She resists as another man holds her down. This shows how the English expected to have full authority over indigenous people, and if they did not, they would force their social and political systems unto Native people.

# data[].attributes.body
"The Female Combatants" depicts a British Woman wearing high fashion of British clothing and an Indigenous woman who is punching the British lady. The British woman calls the Indigenous woman a "slut", which is used as a way to show the mistreatment of Britain of the Americas.

"The Able Doctor" depicts an Indigenous woman being held down by several men representing European countries. This represents how America is letting itself getting taken advantage of by other nations.

"The Able Doctor" seems to be a more extreme picture in indicating the plight of the Native Americans. Both images make the implication that Britain and other European countries should not be involved in America in the eyes of the colonists.

# data[].attributes.body
"The Female Combatants" image shows two women, one representing European ideologies and the other represents Indigenous ideology. The European woman wants to control the identity of the indigenous woman. However, the indigenous woman claims that they will protect their liberty with as much force as possible.

"The Able Doctor" shows a indigenous woman being forced to drink from a kettle from a doctor while being violated by British men. One man is holding her down to stop her from resisting. This could mean a number of things how Americans are being forced to follow British law, how Americans see indigenous people as easy to control, etc.

# data[].attributes.body
"The Female Combatants" image descirbes the growing friction between the Western/European world and the Indigenous people. It is interesting to see how the European woman is dressed in more modest clothing, while the Indigenous woman is shown to be naked or wild. This shows the European/colonizer perspective regarding Indigenous people and their humanity.
"The Able Doctor" once again shows a naked Indigenous woman being forced to consume tea. Symbolically, this represents the British (and other colonizers in general) forcing their ideals on the Indigenous people.
Both images represent the Native people in a "wild" manner, emphasizing their "rebelliousness" in comparison to the British, who are more modestly dressed. This shows how clothing and the portrayal of one's body can lead to more general inferences regarding the colonizers' point of view.

# data[].attributes.body
"The Female Combatant" depicts two women, one represents European/English culture and values and the other represents Indigenous/American culture and values. The English woman is modestly dressed and is reprimanding the indigenous woman for not conforming to the same standards.

"The Able Doctor" depicts an English doctor forcing an indigenous person to drink tea. This symbolizes the English mentality when it came to indigenous peoples and culture; authorities demanded indigenous people assimilate into English culture.

# data[].attributes.body
In "Female Combatants", the picture depicts a fight between a European woman and a Native American. However, the visual appearances of the European woman and the Native American are vastly contrasted. The European woman seems to have a beautiful, and somewhat royal appearance, while on the Native American seemed to have a more savage, half-naked appearance. I believe that this depiction tells us the European attitudes towards the Native Americans, a sense of superiority, which is a justification in their conquest over the Native American land. However, at the same time, it may reveal the author's point of view on the American Revolution, in which the British are considered to be royal, while the rebellious American colonists may have been 'corrupted' with the savage nature of the Natives.

In "The Able Doctor" shows a Native American woman (which is depicted to be the American colonists) being forced to drink tea by the British. Other colonists around the female Native are forcing themselves upon her, and the image depicts a disapproving point of view of the British colonization of the 'Native homeland' of the Americans; that the British believed they could force the American colonists to do whatever they wanted.

In both pictures, the Native in the picture serves to represent the American colonists. Although the depiction of the Native American serves different purposes ("Female Combatants" - to highlight the savagery of the American colonists, "Able Doctor" - to show the view that the Americans believe that the Indigenous land is their land). At the same time, although different viewpoints on the conflict between the British and the American colonists, both pictures have a purpose is depicting a point of view on the this conflict.

# data[].attributes.body
The able doctor portrays an indigenous woman being forced to drink from the doctor's kettle while being physically violated by two other British men. One is holding her down to stop her from resisting while the other seems to be unclothing her. This image highlights how immensely indigenous people were abused by colonists, yet the British believed that they were helping them find better ways of life.
In The Female Combatants, the woman on the right is dressed in very formal clothing (representing her British culture) whereas the woman on the right is wearing little clothing (representing her indigenous culture). The British woman has a revolted expression on her face, symbolizing how poorly she thinks of the native woman. The British woman wants to assimilate the native woman to be more "proper". However, the native woman says she will fight to keep her cultural values and ways of life prominent for the rest of her life. Overall, the image reflects how colonists viewed Native Americans as something that needed to be fixed, but the natives themselves were completely content and proud of their traditions and norms.

# data[].attributes.body
In "The Female Combatants", the picture depicts two women fighting and this can be interpreted as one representing Old Britain while the other woman represents the colonists in America. The women in this picture represent the growing conflict between the British and the New Americans.

In the Able Doctor: the picture depicts Britain forcing themselves upon the Native Woman who is supposed to represent the American colonists. This picture associates Britain with a negative connotation and shows how Britain is forcing tea into the woman, which can be inferred as Britain forcing the American colonists to listen to them and obey their demands.

Both pictures depicts the person in the Native clothing as the rebellions, which can be inferred how the Americans view Native Americans themselves- as rebellious individuals. In addition to this, both show the growing conflicts between Britain and the colonists.

# data[].attributes.body
In “The Female Combatants,” a European woman is found fighting a Native American woman. The European, dressed in a beautiful dress, tells the Native American woman to stop being rebellious and become obedient. In response, the half-naked Native American woman chants about liberty. While their words refer to the European colonization of America and the Natives who fought for their land, their appearance seems to show the attitude and beliefs the creator has for them. The elegant dress could represent beauty and royalty, possibly connected to the British crown, while the half-naked woman could represent the savage nature seen through the eyes of the British.

“The Able Doctor” shows a Native American woman forced down by Colonists to drink tea. Other colonists around the girl forced their hands on her and even looked up her skirt, which represents how the colonists believed they could do what they pleased with the Natives. It shows how the colonists believed that they were superior and that the Natives should be obedient and take in all their goods and customs.

In both images, beliefs that the colonists had superiority in beauty, livelihood, and goods are found compared to the Natives.

# data[].attributes.body
Female Combatants: It looks like there are two women, one representing Britain or  "The Old World" and another representing America or "The New World". It kind of appears like one is very strict like a mother and the other chanting for liberty is filled with youthful passion. The words also make it seem like America is being disobedient. I think it's meant to make America look bad.
The Able Doctor: America is again depicted as a Native and is being forced to drink tea. This could be interpreted as a representation of Britain wanting to apply their policies to rebellious America. Additionally, all the people holding down "America" are all apart of the British Parliament.
Something similar for these cartoons is that in both, America is depicted as rebellious and also a Native. In both of these, the motherland is shown as a stern ruler who is taking strong initiative to keep those in America in line (this is shown by holding down, forcing to drink, strong derogatory language)

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatants: The image shows how Native American Women were throwing the first punch while the woman is not fully dressed, shows how British saw Native Americans as improper.

The Able Doctor or America Swallowing the Bitter Daughter: shows how the Britsh viewed America as a female that they had owned, forcing the woman to drink tea and looking up her skirt, fully representing that the British had the right to rule over America

Both images were published in British Newspapers, but they seem to not be in favor of the British as it shows a representation of the British in a harsh light

# data[].attributes.body
In the first image the depicted "Native" is throwing the first punch and is naked while the British woman is nicely dressed, showing that the Americans need help and are uncivil for disobeying. The compasses on either side also represent how the British are more advanced than the Americans. It also uses the word "slut" to show this disloyalty to the crown.

In the second image the British are violating the "Native woman" and forcing them to be obedient as if how they were living is wrong, stripping them of their American cultures/values. As if teaching them how to become civil even though it is unwanted.

The intended audience for these images was British people to reenforce the thought that those who do not obey will be punished and held against their will. In both images the "Native" victim is a naked woman, perhaps trying to imply that the Americans are weaker than the British. A difference is that in the first the "Native" is at least fighting back while in the second they are seen as helpless.

# data[].attributes.body
"The Female Combatants, or Who Shall," depicts two characters, one of an elegantly dressed woman and the other of a person that is naked except for a skirt, dressed as an indigenous person. The elegantly dressed woman represents the British monarchy and the half-naked person represents the colonists, thus representing the conflict between the two sides of the American Revolution. The derogatory language conveys that the British see the American colonists' attempt to break away as a betrayal, thus this image is criticizing the colonists. The Able Doctor, or America Swallowing the Bitter Draught" shows a woman being held down by two men while another man pours tea down her throat. Lord North, one of the men, has a "Boston Port Bill" extending from a pocket, and the woman being held down represents America. This image satirizes Lord North and depicts the British as the oppressors, showing them in a negative light. While both images are intended to sway the British public's opinion on the American Revolution, the first image is meant to sway them in favor of the British. However, the second image depicts a more skeptical view of the British and may even be trying to sway the British public in favor of the colonists.

# data[].attributes.body
“The Able Doctor”, shows British subjects, both royal and those that enforce military law subjecting the American colonists to various violating actions, as demonstrated by the three men specifically, the one looking under the skirt, the other forcing her to drink tea (historically representing Britain), and the third holding a sword which has “Military Law” written on it. Furthermore, the artist doesn’t just focus on the British, but also wraps in the French and Dutch as bystanders to the inhumane acts going on.

In the second image, Britain and America are represented by two women, one in traditional British royal clothing, and the other dressed as a Native American. The British representative claims that they were going to force the American “daughter” to submit to the Crown, and adopt more “honorable” behavior. While the American representative claims that their actions are for the sake of liberty, and they wouldn’t back down as long as they existed.

# data[].attributes.body
The female combatants portrays how colonists in America began identifying with natives during the time right before the declaration of independence. The creator uses the word slut to depict Americans as people who are not true to their pro,is because they are not obeying. The target audience is political British figured to show the British have a more civil society.

The second image also has British audience. It depicts America as weak and shows the British trying to turn amerans back to British society.

# data[].attributes.headline
Reagan Bohman (rdb3395), Abigail Hinojos (amh8795)

# data[].attributes.subject
Reagan Bohman (rdb3395), Abigail Hinojos (amh8795)

# data[].attributes.body
These two images, both published in British newspapers, show the complex & conflict-ridden relationship between "Old World" and "New World" people. "The Female Combatants" depicts this with a British figure and Native figure in a brawl. More specifically, "The Female Combatants" shows Britannia, who represents a mother from the mother country, Great Britain, and a daughter, the colonial settler dressed up as an indigenous individual. The two women are battling for submission and freedom, respectively, just like the groups they represent. "The Able Doctor..." also depicts a physical conflict, but this time the British people have the Native person restrained and in a vulnerable position. The background shows Boston on fire, foreshadowing a violent land war, and the British official assaulting an indigenous women, foreshadowing the inhumane terrors to come. They both lend the idea that war is impending and that the British won't let down, a message that conveys the enforcement of British power in response to colonial resistance.

# data[].attributes.body
The characters represented are British colonists and Indian (women in this cases).
Both images depict violence to Indians, either through rape and imposition or fighting.
As I saw the 1st image, the woman hitting to the Indian chest, I thought of how important fertility is for their culture and society, and the British woman was attacking on that. Indian principles, way of living, etc.
Both indicate Europeans are more civilized, organized, developed. And that Indians are in “nature”, “back to basics”.

# data[].attributes.body
Female Combatants:
The older woman on the left represents Britannia/Britain and is the role of the mother in this mother/daughter conflict while the woman on the right represents America and the daughter role. The dress of each symbolizes the difference in societal norms and cultures between the two, labeling America as the immodest, "rebellious" daughter. A detail my group noticed is that the woman look physically similar, same facial features and skin color and the woman on the left isn't caricaturized as an Indigenous woman, perhaps implying that this is white settler America merely putting on the costume of Native Americans and that this fight for "liberty" is performative as in the headstrong attitude of a child.

The able doctor:
From the library of Congress page, Lord North is the one pouring tea down the throat of "America" who is represented by a nude Native American woman similar to the other cartoon, and Lord Sandwich, "a notorious womanizer", is the one looking up her skirt. What stood out to me the most is the woman in the background averting her gaze which the description says is Britannia, the same representation of Britain/the old world as the other image. The scene conveys a sense of violence as a response to resistance and seems critical of the men in government who are treating America in a way that is offensive to the values of Britain.

# data[].attributes.body
In both images the symbolism of America is as a woman, symbolizing the elegance and sanctity of the Americas. The Indigenous women in the images showcase a rejection of British crown and more over British Society. In The Combatants the iconography of the British woman creates a sense of tradition and cultural superiority. There is a clear distinction between the rebellious "American" and the elegant British Noblewoman. There is a feeling that there could be multiple interpretations of this image depending on who reads it and what side of the American Revolution the reader sided with, however it is clear that to the European reader or the colonists the strange and sexual imagery of the indigenous woman is very contrary to British culture.. While in The Able Doctor the British men are depicted as clearly cruel, violating the Americas (The Native Woman). The British have conquered the Americas, they have stripped it of its dignity and purity. There is a clear appeal against the empire, however there is also a sense that the British subjects reject this as the British Woman looks away in disgust. There is almost an appeal to the notion that the cruelty is not done on the behalf of the cultural beliefs or societal beliefs in the European society. While both images showcase a feeling of rebellion, they approach it from different perspectives and different goals.

# data[].attributes.headline
Jaden Acevedo, Abby Beman, Santiago Hernandez

# data[].attributes.subject
Jaden Acevedo, Abby Beman, Santiago Hernandez

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatants: Two ladies fighting, one representing the British while the other depicts the Indigenous people. The dialogue between the women aims to represent that the British looks down on the Indigenous woman while the Indigenous woman kinda looks at the "Crown" as superior when referring to her as "mother."

The Able Doctor: Depicts Britain to be out of control. The illustration shows the mistreatment of the Indigenous woman which represents the mistreatment of "America"

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatants : In this image, there are two women who are vastly different. The mother seems to represent England depicting and using derogatory language towards her daughter, while the daughter, a native woman, represents the Americas's expressing herself with so much passion. In the able doctor: During the Boston Tea Party, they forced tea down a native woman, while the Lord Sandwhich, a womanizer, restrains her and picks up her skirt.

# data[].attributes.body
"The Female Combatants" depicts the Queen as the head of the British monarchy and a naked, white woman dressed in "Indian style", representing a dynamic of obedience-oriented mother and rebellious, liberty-seeking daughter. "The able doctor" image portrays a native woman, symbolically standing in for the representation of America, being violated by the British, while the overall representation of the British crown, the only other woman in the image, deliberately looks away. Both of these images clearly depicts the frustrations Americans had with British control and their desire to associate themselves more with Native Americans rather than the British, despite the fact that American colonists were generally not very respectful of Native Americans and constantly engaged in actions that undermined their authority, because the American colonists wanted to radically differentiate themselves from the British. The themes of gender are critical to these pieces as the emphasis on female infidelity through language like "slut" and the depictions of America as naked references the fact that the British did not believe that America was remaining loyal to it's true identity as an extension of the British crown, rather than a unique cultural group.

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatants:
The women who is more dressed up is the old british and the mother. The women who is naked are the colonists and the daughter. From the word bubble we can assume that the colosnists are being called "slut" because the loyalty that the colonists had towards Great Britain is no longer there. The colonists were sent to represent Great Britain and now are "spliting up" from Great Britain. I think that the intended audience is Great Britain saying that the colonists were in the wrong.

The Able Docotor:
It can be seen as if the women or America is sick and that the colonists want the best for her. We can see that they are forcefully giving her medicine that she clearly is not asking for. There is one colonists holding her arms down preventing her from fighting back. I think that the intended audience is

# data[].attributes.body
The Able Doctor has the clearer meaning of the two: America must be subjugated. Depicting America as a vulnerable woman being forced to drink the tea she spilt at Boston Harbor, easy to pin down and do what they want with her. This displays how the British see it as their right to control and force America to obey the crown, seeing the colonies as a mere extension of themselves to exploit for labor and resources as they please. This image was likely for a British audience who believed the American Revolution was something that must be crushed.

The Female Combatants I believe is the more interesting of the two images. While one may immediately think that it symbolizes American freedom against an oppressive English regime, its publication in a British paper gives one pause. Is it depicting a civilized, superior British woman mothering her rebellious, primitive child, or is it America rebelling against British social norms of dress, fighting for her freedom?

# data[].attributes.headline
Sara Allen, Teju Kannan, Carolina Salinas, Mariana Kadrivel

# data[].attributes.subject
Sara Allen, Teju Kannan, Carolina Salinas, Mariana Kadrivel

# data[].attributes.body
Both the cartoons do not necessarily cast British authority as effective or positive, but both use the imagery of Native Americans to represent the American colonies.

Image 1:
The use of "obedience" and "slut" demonstrate the British woman as somewhat crass compared with what would be expected of a person of nobility. Sexualized language is meant to criticize America for the disobedience to the Crown.

The use of "Mother" indicates that the Indigenous woman may not actually be a Native American, but is more so a representation of the colonies, as they are the "offspring" of the British empire. This is also enforced her support of "liberty" which was fundamental language for colonists against the Crown on the eve of the American Revolution.

Image 2:
This seems to be a satirical undermining of British authority. The manhandling of the Indigenous woman and shoving tea down her throat is not necessarily a civilized way to enforce laws. America is depicted as an Indigenous woman once again to demonstrate the separation of the colonists from the Crown in terms of "civility."

# data[].attributes.body
In "the Female Combatants" the image illustrates a fight between the queen of England and the indigenous woman. What we noticed is the the Indigenous women is fighting back against the Queen in a way that depicts the "savage" image that the indigenous people were portrayed as. This can illustrate the indigenous peoples will to actively fight against the abuse of the British Crown.

In "The Able doctor" the image depicts a woman being held down by European who are forcing off her clothes and forcing her to drink their tea.  This illustrates how the British settlers forced the Indigenous people to conform to their cultural values and way by striping them of their own identities. this can be seen in how the men are forcibly taking off the women clothes (striping her of her culture and values) and forcing her to assimilate in the British ways and submitting to the culture (holding her down and forcing her to drink the British tea).

These images were published in order to convey Americas disloyalty to the Crown by depicting these women (America) in a negative connotation. it is to be assumed that these images were printed in the papers in the Britain newsletters which were read by the general public. the fact that these messages are in picture/ cartoon form indicates that the people viewing the papers didn't have to be literate in order to understand the meanings of the political cartoons.

# data[].attributes.body
On both pictures American colonists are imagined as Native American people.
The Female Combatants: Native woman wants to fight for freedom and rights for everyone, but British woman (British crown) wants to punish her for disobedience. Nevertheless we see that British woman still looks more civilized and have kind of cultural advantage.
The second picture illustrates British who tried to commit violence against Native woman (American people).
In both pictures I see features of cultural appropriation. We see that colonists are associated with Native people, but where is American Indian people in this conflict?

# data[].attributes.body
In "The Female Combatants," America is portrayed as one of the "white natives" that we discussed in class today. I think it's interesting how clearly it crystallizes America's position in opposition to the colonies as something 'other;' in this case something Native. However, in this portrayal, it doesn't look like there is a bias towards one or the other. How you respond to the image would have depended on your prior position.

"The Able Doctor" is a more grotesque image, but it is also up for interpretation. Either it is a criticial piece displaying the atrocity of the British Empire toward the colonies, or it is representation of the harsh reality of England's right and America's proper place.

Both have sexual themes and convey the battle between liberty and fidelity.

# data[].attributes.body
In the “The Female Combatants, or Who Shall", we can see a British and an American woman (dressed as a Indian) having an argument. By what it's said, we can understand that the American are rebelling for liberty and freedom, but the British viewed them as disobedient and as traitors in some way. The other picture has a similar meaning and shows the British imposing their ways to the Americans, by representing a woman being violated and drinking tea by force, showing the dominance of the British over the American, the rebellious.

# data[].attributes.body
I think both images show commentary on the power and absolute rule they had over America and the Natives. The first image depicts an image of women and almost mocks the both of them and the image mainly serves as a comedic take on the situation between the British and America. It also shows what the British thought of Americans by calling the 'native' women a "slut" and how they thought the natives were uncivilized and primitive because of their difference in views on pre-marital sex. The able doctor to me seems more violent and forceful and also seems that the british knew of their role that they were playing in America and how they knew of the violence but decided to look away and turn their head on the assault and violence that was happening in America.

# data[].attributes.body
In "The Able Doctor," Native Americans/Americans are represented by a topless Native woman being restrained by several British men. One of the men, presumably the Doctor, is pouring tea down the Native woman's throat. In "The Female Combatants," a lavishly dressed British woman and topless Native woman engage in a fist fight, while the British woman jeers at the Native woman. Interestingly, the are both dressed in the same color scheme. Both of these images convey the British desire to subdue and civilize native populations as well as their colonies, though "The Able Doctor" seems more forceful than "The Female Combatants." The intended audience is the British.

# data[].attributes.body
The female combatants:
The use of the clothes between the two woman shows the use of social dress. The british woman is dressed in nice clothing and the native woman only has a skirt on, the clothing signifies social power between the two. The native woman is being frowned upon in the imagery.

The able doctor:
The image depicts the british men forcing the Native under their control and it signifies that the birtish are enforcing certain policies over America. The tea in the image represents the intolerable acts and the boston tea party.

Comparison:
In both it shows the position of power that is being held over the Natives and America. Both images were also published in British newspapers and showed a negative side of the british people.

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatants depicts a British woman in high end English clothing and an Indigenous woman in nothing but a feather skirt engaging in a physical brawl. I think this is meant to signify a fight for dominance over America.
The Able Doctor depicts an Indigenous woman (America) being held down by several men (Spain, France). I think this is meant to represent how America is viewed as weak and easily taken advantage of.

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatant or Who Shall

The British women appear to be approaching the Indigenous women with an ethnocentric attitude which resembles how most European people perceive Indigenous individuals.

The Able Doctor or America Swallowing the Bitter Draught

This image reflects how Europeans try to teach indigenous people to be “civilized”, by forcing indigenous individuals to adopt the Europeans lifestyle or norms, such as drinking tea.

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatants: Represents the increasing tensions between colonists and the British, comparing their relationship to that of a mother and daughter. The colonists/New World are depicted as a rebellious daughter while the British/Old World are depicted as a controlling mother. The daughter says"Liberty, Liberty forever Mother, while I exist" exemplifying colonists' desire for freedom from the Crown.
The Able Doctor: Depicts a Native woman being forced to drink tea while about to be assaulted by the man at her feet. The woman represents the colonists being forced to follow the "Intolerable Acts" (the tea represents the Acts as the colonists felt they were being forced down their throats". The man pouring the tea is Lord North, the British prime minister. Lord Mansfield, the chief justice of the King’s Bench, holds America down by her arms. The Earl of Sandwich, a member of the admiralty board.

# data[].attributes.body
In The Female Combatants, the mother Britannica and the daughter America fight. This conveys the struggle between the British and the colonists over obedience or liberty. I believe the audience for this image was everyday British, who otherwise might not seem fully versed in the issue. I also find it interesting that while Britannica is meant to be a symbol of affluence, she wears a garment that would have been relatively common in British and colonial society.
The Able Doctor depicts multiple members of the House of Lords pouring tea down the throat of America. This is meant to convey how the British did not consider American interests in their pursuit of imperialism. I believe the intended audience for this image was members of Parliament. The plan for the image would have been to shame those members into acting differently.
While both images seem to focus on an attempt to force America into obedience, one seems to imply that all of Britain is for American subjugation while the other implies it is only those with power who are in favor of this.

# data[].attributes.body
Both picture depict America as a savage and uncivilized people. In the Female, the Native American female is naked and called "Slut" by the Queen of England. By publishing this, the British newspaper may want to let the public think the American revolutionaries are uncivilized and used a savage way of gaining freedom. In the doctor picture, a naked Native American woman is laying on the ground and surrounded by the English who is wearing fancy clothes. One man is pouring tea into the month of the woman, this may indicate the Boston tea party. Another British man is looking under the dress of the woman. this may indicate the British may want to tame the American people. Both of these pictures depict American people are uncivilized and the way of gaining independence is immature.

# data[].attributes.body
For the Female Combatants, I believe that the Native imagery is used to depict the ferocity and unwillingness of the American colonists. I believe it's in a way that supports American colonists, to show how much of a change the colonists have had to make under conditions of "oppression" from the British rule.

In The Able Doctor, I believe it represents the vast, easy opportunity for success and profit in the Americas. I think it uses a Native American woman to represent America to insinuate that Native People are weak and easily dominated. Therefore, the land available is easily acquired for settlers, from many different European countries, as represented through the many men, can split up the benefits American can bring them.

# data[].attributes.body
In "The Female Combatants," the two women (one dressed as a traditional British woman and the other dressed as a Native American) represent a scolding mother and a rebellious daughter. This relationship is supposed to imply that the Americans dressed as Native Americans are simply rebellious teenagers that need to be disciplined. This mother/daughter metaphor also implies that the Americans are pretending to be something they're not and look almost silly trying to defy Britain's rule. In the image "America Swallowing a Bitter Drought," a woman is being force-fed tea and violated by images of traditional British nobles. I the back of the image, a woman called "Britannia" covers her eyes and looks away. This image both implies that the British empire owns America and may do with them what they wish, but that the government is almost mournful of "having to inflict" discipline on them. It almost says that if Americans were to just behave, it wouldn't have come to this sort of relationship between Americans and Britain.

# data[].attributes.body
The first image depicts the clash of the old England as the mother and New America as the daughter. The clothes worn (or not worn) also show how England has been around for a long time, being properly dressed whereas the Native woman barely has any clothes on, showing how new the Indigenous people are on the global stage. The fight between them shows that the colonizers want to force their ideals and ways of living on the Indigenous Peoples, while they want to continue living in freedom as they please.
This forcing of one's ideals or excerting power over others is also depicted in the second picture with the men pushing down and forcing a Native woman to swollow tea.

# data[].attributes.body
The Able Doctor seems to be depicting America as helpless against British rule as it is having British policies and rulers forced onto it, this could be possibly done with the intent to gain sympathy for America. The female combatants depict the British woman as very proper and the American as wild but also implies that with Britain's "polished" presence, comes the required obedience under British rule. However, with the American woman, she is fighting for liberty and represents a freedom from British rule.

# data[].attributes.body
Since these works were published in British newspapers, I assume that the intended audience is the British public. Both political cartoons depict American colonists as Native women. In the Female Combatants, America is represented as a rebellious Native woman as the well-dressed British figure refers to the depiction of America as a "rebellious slut." In The Able Doctor, again, America is depicted as a Native woman, this time she is being constrained by male British officials, seemingly taking sexual advantage of her while being forced to drink tea. In the background, a figure known as "Britannia" looks away, this could represent the fact that British Royalty looks away as British officials in the US take advantage of the American colonists. What perplexes me is that in Female Combatants, America is portrayed in a negative light as there is an emphasis on "savagery" and "rebellion, whereas in The Able Doctor, America is portrayed as helpless and exploited. However, from the British perspective, especially from a male perspective, this depiction of exploitation could be taken in a humorous light.

# data[].attributes.body
It seems on both sides of the Atlantic, both thought the British had begun to see the colonies in North America as the colonists originally saw the Native Indians; Wild, unruly, and requiring force to bring it under "civilization". It also seems that the choice of depicting the U.S. as a women has roots in the European dichotomy of the weak and flighty female and the strong sturdy males. It seems the British saw the North American colonies as acting irrationally, like a stereotypical mother and daughter clashing in values.

# data[].attributes.body
In The Female Combatants, both the British and the Americans are represented in caricature, with the British being represented by a lavishly dressed and stern "motherly" noblewoman, and the Americans as a "daughter" figure in very minimal Native American dress. The growing tensions between the British and their Colonies are represented by a mother-daughter fight, and are likely intended to represent an up and coming rebellion, with bias towards the American side.
In the case of the Able Doctor, America, again represented with Native American dress, is being violated by several British noblemen, likely members of Parliament who were associated the harshly protested laws. Brittania turns away, but fails to intervene, representing the illustrator's belief that the British people were not doing enough to intervene on what they perceived as a great injustice.

# data[].attributes.body
In the able doctor the image the women, representing America, is being held down and tea is being poured into her mouth, this is representing the woman being forced into accepting British policies. This is showing the British cruel treatment of Americans.

In The Female Combatants the British woman is fighting the Native woman representing Americas need to escape British control. The Native woman refers to the other woman as mom and demands freedom depicting that the Native woman belongs to the British by right. On the bottom of the shields, you can also read they say, "for obedience" and "for liberty" showing why the two were fighting America wanted to be free, while the British wanted to have absolute power.

# data[].attributes.body
In the Able Doctor this picture represents the forcible policies British has brought into America. This connects to the image because of how there is a man forcibly assaulting a woman demonstrating the amount of abuse they will cause. The Female Combatants picture represents the British (mother) trying to get America (daughter) to obey her policies. Both show connections on the abuse of the British as they are trying to show their dominance over the Native Americans.

# data[].attributes.body
The Able Doctor: This image depicts Britian and a rebellious America in the form of an indigenous woman. The British are forcing America to accept its policies, which is shown through force feeding the woman tea.

The Female Combatants: This image depicts Britian as a mother and America as the rebellious daughter. The daughter is dressed in Indigenous clothing to symbolize America, while the mother is asserting dominance by saying "I'll force you into obedience you rebellious slut."

Both images depict Britian as a powerful and dominant nation, and show America as Indigenous rebels.

# data[].attributes.body
Both of these images depict British control over native people. The Female Combatants shows a "mother, daughter" relationship. It shows the desire the British Empire has to force Native Americans into submission. The Able Doctor does the same thing but shows prominent members in the Parliament taking advantage of a Native American women and forcing her to do what they want. However, I am confused by the lady in the picture who is looking away in discomfort as she is apart of the British empire.

# data[].attributes.body
The female combatants- battle between traditional vs new morals. The daughter could be one of the colonists dressed as an Indian rejecting her mother's Britisth identity. The intended audience could be either british or Americans because both sides are argued. British are trying to force more traditional British ways of living on the Americans.

The able doctor- the woman on the ground symbolizes America. The people around her show the ways in which the British have mistreated the Americans. It is intented to get the new Americans angry about the ways they have been treated. The tea being forced down her throat symbolizes Britain's forceful attitude toward subduing the Americans. The boston treaty ripped up on the ground shows the Americans' struggle to establish their own independence.

# data[].attributes.headline
Corbin Mayer & Rori, The Female Combatant

# data[].attributes.subject
Corbin Mayer & Rori, The Female Combatant

# data[].attributes.body
This image shows a fight between a woman representing the British aristocracy ("for obedience") fighting a woman dressed in native American garb ("for liberty"). The woman on the right is also a "white Indian", a symbol of disobedience against the crown. Also, the year is 1776, which indicates a time period of great resentment against the crown.

# data[].attributes.body
Female Combatants:
In the female combatants it's showing that the British are fighting the Native American people for presumably land.  The Indigenous woman is naked and the symbol on the shield depicts a sort of "archaic" practice of finding direction. The British woman is in fancy attire and her shield has a compass. This implies that Indigenous people are uncivilized while the British people are technically and socially savvy. It goes back to the European ideas that Native American people are "savages".

The Able Doctor:
In the able doctor, the image depicts the Americans as indecent. They are forcing the Indigenous people to their side while also violating them in the process. The man looking up the woman's skirt and the way they are holding her down. The British woman in the back is looking away. It is showing that the Americans are getting out of hand, they are wild, and uncivilized. The British are ashamed of America's behavior. The British are rejecting American's for their childish behavior.

# data[].attributes.body
These images have a negative outlook on the Europeans' behavior.
In the first one, "The Able Doctor" there is a perv holding down the girl and looking up her skirt while another is forcing her to drink tea. The tea could be representative of natives being forced to conform to their standards. additionally, the other members are turning a blind eye, mostly to show that since she is native, she is not someone they care about.
In the Female Combatants, there is definitely a negative perception of how natives are. This is essentially a critique of how cruel the Crown is, showing how they are cruel to their own child (the colonists). They place themselves in the shoes of the Natives, so as to show the difference in power dynamics. The intended audience is definitely the colonists, to encourage war.

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatant: I believe the picture is trying to convey how the British believe the Colonist are savages.

The Able Doctor: While the other image represents how Britain is attempting to regain control of the rebellious American colonies. As they are looking at the Native American person very questionably.

# data[].attributes.body
In the first image, it seems to display an Indigenous woman as a representative figure for America being victimized by British policies.
In the second image, it displays the social differences between the norms of sexuality between the British and Indigenous, displaying the prejudice of the British regarding the integrity of the Native American woman.

# data[].attributes.body
Both images utilize Indigenous imagery to personify Colonial America as a separate entity from the British. In the Female Combatants, the woman on the left represents Britain and their desire to control the American Colonists, while the Native woman on the right is intended to represent the Revolutionary spirit. In the able doctor, another Indigenous woman is used to represent the Colonies, with British officials sexually violating her as a metaphor for the policies they were enforcing at the time that colonists viewed as oppressive. Both images convey an anti-British sentiment from a colonial perspective. Although they both use imagery of native people, they are not necessarily advocating for natives themselves. Rather, both images use the idea of Indigenousness to rebel against the throne by sharply contrasting the socially hierarchical British society. Additionally, while the first image portrays the struggle for independence as a familial struggle between mother and daughter, the second image implies less of a direct kinship between colonists and the British, focusing more on the harmful acts by officials in the British government.

# data[].attributes.body
The female combatants image represents America as a rebellious country with her own views. But the British look down upon these views as savage based on how they personified America in the image. Additionally, the British believe that they have control over America since the they portray it as a mother daughter relationship. And the intended audience would definitely be the British since it symbolizes America as rebellious and the British just wanting to keep America in her place. In the second image again shows native women as America and represents how the British were violating her and the tea down the throat represents the laws and rules that America was obligated to follow. This image is anti British and more pro American which is surprising how it was published in a British newspaper.

# data[].attributes.body
America is represented in both images as a rebellious Indian woman. The British are represented as European people who chastise the Indian woman and make her do things. In the Female Combatants image, the European woman is calling the Indian woman a "rebellious slut" while the Indian woman calls for liberty. This represents the struggle between the colonies and the British.
In the second image, the Able Doctor, the same imagery of Europeans and natives is used but this time there are multiple Europeans forcing the Indian woman to drink the "Bitter Draught". This represents how the British are forcing taxes and restrictions on the Americans.

# data[].attributes.body
The Able Doctor and the Female Combatants discusses the way Britain continues to "control" a disobedient and "rebellious" America. Further, the sexualized language between the two women signifies America's alleged "dishonor" or "infidel behavior". This is symbolized both in the images and the direct language used. Because of mercantilist and imperialist polices England still refers to America as a possession or part of the "mother country". This representation is shown in the first image of the female combatants where the queen herself is portrayed as the mother. The Able Doctor indicates a repression of America symbolized as a Native Woman. Here, "America" is forced to drink down tea and succumb to British forces while continuing to acknowledge that the worst is yet to come with the General lifting up the Native women's skirt. Both images were published in British newspapers garnering pro-Britain sentiment.

# data[].attributes.body
In the female combatants, we see the British woman and the Indian woman about to fight. The British woman is dressed in very fancy formal attire , while the Indian is dressed very informal and naked, imaged as a “savage”. In the doctor painting there are British people trying to take advantage of the native woman and force feed her tea. They both show that the American colonists have been influenced by the natives and are moving away from British ways. The British are trying to regain control and show their dominance over the colonists.

# data[].attributes.body
In both of these images, America is represented as a helpless woman who is able to be abused by the British. The British are being unreasonably cruel to the rebellious settlers and even lady liberty is ashamed of their actions, but in the eyes of the British it may be deserved. The settlers are able to fight against the British and they feel the need to demonize and weaken them in these images. In The Female Combatant, the character depicting the colonizers is naked and bare, meaning that they are exposed to the British power which is the message the British want to send to the colonizers. In the second image, the woman is being taken advantage, indicating to the colonizers that it they do choose to rebel more they will be regretful of that decision and put into a similar situation.

# data[].attributes.body
The Combatants 1776 image demonstrates a woman representing liberty alongside the contrasting perspectives as a British woman dressed in luxurious clothes believes she is superior to her rebellious, supposedly savage Native American counterpart.

The second image of The Able Doctor illustrates how the British forced their lifestyles and ideals on the Americans. They implemented a multitude of unjust rules that limited any power the colonists had. The woman in the image is being violated and treated and poorly by a plethora of men. This image as a political cartoon elucidates the treatment of rebellious America by the British whilst resisting Parliament.

Both images demonstrate conflict and the starkly varying perspectives between the Old and New Worlds.

# data[].attributes.body
Both of these images being published in British news sources, shows how they see Native people. In the female combatants they are depicting the Native woman in a "unruly" way, describing her as a "Rebellious Slut." In the able doctor shows the British forcing their ideas and ways of life on the indigenous people and their land, taking advantage of the woman depicted and exhibiting their hunger for power.
Both of these images demonstrates how they perceive Native peoples and both show a metaphorical struggle between a 'mother' and a 'daughter.' One party that is more powerful and on party that is seemingly less developed and seen as rebellious.

# data[].attributes.body
The first image shows imagery of a British woman that represents the British monarchy fighting a woman dressed like a Native that represents the Americans. The second image shows a woman dressed like a Native being violated by British men. In both of these images, the "Native" woman seems to be depicted as the underdog. Additionally, they portray the British as "bad" guys. These two images were published in British newspapers, which means that the British citizens are the intended audience, but were also distributed in America by revolutionary heroes such as Paul Revere. These images could be distributed around both the US and Britain to convince people that the British should move out from America. Fighting the Revolutionary war is very costly, and British citizens would prefer the government focus on the well-being of their own country rather than some overseas colonies. For the Americans, perhaps they are trying to raise the revolutionary spirit among people by using negative imagery of the British. The Americans are seen to fight for "liberty" and a noble cause, while the British are depicted as selfish and evil.

# data[].attributes.body
The two images show the extreme conflict between the natives and the British/ colonists or (mother and daughter in the first image). Both images show a lot of violence and with the table doctor the native woman is shown as being forced to drink tea and pushed down showing the strength of the colonists.

# data[].attributes.body
Both pictures provide a description on American treatment. Also both of them represents Native Americans as rebels who are uncivilized and wild. The Female Combatants depicts a difference between the Englsih and Native American woman and mocks the Native American woman. The other picture highlights how the English force their culture on Native Americans.

# data[].attributes.body
The images, at first glance, seem to be depicting the British to be the one antagonizing the Colonists, but since these were published in Britain, they can be assumed to be pro-English. In the Able Doctor, the men are depicting the power of the English over the colonists showing that they are able to control them. Even though they are being forceful, this further enforces the idea that they say Natives as savage and less than people, and if the Colonists will choose to dress like them, they will be treated as such. The Female Combatants rather show the British crown as more civilized and the victim whilst the Colonists are depicted to "throw the first punch" or start the fighting.

# data[].attributes.body
In both images, the colonists are making use of the higher roles women had in native societies. However, in both cases, these roles are being appropriated for the causes of settler expansion rather than for women's or Indigenous rights. In the second, both "America" and Britain are identified as women, with "America" being violated as Britain looks away. Once again, the violation being spoken of here is not by colonists and the British against Indigenous peoples, but of the British again American colonists, with the image of the "Indian" again being appropriated for this cause.

# data[].attributes.body
These images appear to be in support of Great Britain, using images of Native Americans to depict America. In "Female Combatants," Great Britain is depicted as a monarch, very regal and womanly, and America is a unclothed Native, who is called a "rebellious slut." This is intended to represent the American revolutionaries as ungodly and having turned into the indigenous people, using their view of Natives as uncivilized to show this. They are doing a similar thing in "the able Doctor" image, where the tea is being forced down a Natives' throat. This implies that the British will force the American colonists to follow their perspective by force, and making it appear that they are uncivilized and need to be forced. This can serve as pro-American or pro-Britain - colonists may be angry at being forced, spurring more revolutions, and the British may see the image as the colonists being uncivilized.

# data[].attributes.body
In The Female Combatants, the woman on the left represents Britain and the girl on the right represents America. It symbolizes a mother-daughter relationship where the mother (Britain) is trying to get the daughter (America) to obey to its policies, but America is seen as rebellious because they don't want to succumb to Britain's rule.
In The Able Doctor, the British men are forcing tea down the Native American woman's mouth and another man is violating her by looking up her skirt. This portrays Britain's forceable attempts to get Native Americans to follow and accept their policies.

# data[].attributes.body
Both of these images represent the tensions between the British and Americans. They both represent Americans as young and innocent as they are on new land and thus do not have as many resources as the British with their clothes and accessories. The british in both of these images are taking advantage of the americans in order to strip them of their freedom. The intended audience for each are most likely the Americans in order to give the motivation to break away from the crown and gain their independence.

# data[].attributes.body
The able doctor implies that Americans must submit to British rule, while also conveying that there is worse conflict to come as one man is lifting up the skirt of the American woman and Boston is also in flames in the background. The Female combatants compares the increasing tension between America and Britain to a feud between a daughter and mother. Both images show how British values are superior to American culture and they know better than the Americans as the Americans are being depicted as savage and rebellious in both images. The female combatants conveys more equality between the two sides, while the able doctor emphasizes the disparity between the two and the superiority that the British had over the Americans.

# data[].attributes.body
In the first image (The Female Combatants) depicts two women, the first representing the Old World while the other represents the New World. Britannia who represents the Old World makes condescending comments to her daughter, the New World. This is most likely a symbol of the uptight nature of the British and the completely opposite, newfound nature of the Americas (seeking for liberty, utilizing your voice/opinions, etc.)

The second image (The Able Doctor) depicts Native Americans' depiction of the British as degrading, violent, and boundary-crossing individuals.

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatants - The woman representing the British is shown as being an elder to the Native woman. This implies the superiority of the British while the Natives lack maturity and refinement. This suggests that the British don't take this fight seriously.
The Able Doctor - This is making fun of the powerful men who lived in the colonies. The tea represents the Intolerable Acts and the oppression of Americans and Natives by the British crown.

# data[].attributes.body
These images are meant to symbolize a submission and obedience—I mean like literally obedience, it says it in “The Female Combatants, or Who Shall,” England spits, “I’ll force you to Obedience!…” America—the rebellious, need-to-be-tamed Indian woman—is at the mercy of endlessly civil Britain and an encroaching Europe. Encroaching as both of the many figures kind of forcing America are forcing her. “The Able Doctor” is one of sexuality and sexual assault—but it’s intentional as it’s meant to symbolize how Europe and the British especially are forcing Euro-American colonists into submission and out of rebellion—using an Indian woman as their proxy. It’s ironic especially because they use the image of a naked Indigenous woman and take her image to demean her rather than using a Euro-American settler’s image for the sake of shock and scandal for British audiences.

# data[].attributes.headline
Ahmet Umurhan, Jackson Sureau, Suraj Pai

# data[].attributes.subject
Ahmet Umurhan, Jackson Sureau, Suraj Pai

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatants: In the first picture, we see the British person trying to assert obedience on the Native American person. From the text, we can see that this picture was probably made by the the Americans and that they wanted to symbolize themselves as Natives, and that they simply want liberty, while the British person is taking away their liberty.

The Able Doctor: In this image we can see the Indigenous peoples and the land being seen as something that needs to be treated. We can see that in the image there is an Indigenous women who is being held down being forced to drink something and a man looking up the skirt, while there are onlookers who look disgusted at the scene before them.

# data[].attributes.body
Lauren Martin
In the image "The Female Combatant" the two female are symbolic for the two continent. It seems that the native is punching first and is depicted as a savage. She is unclothed but seems to still maintain some fight in her. whereas in the second photo the able doctor the native women is held down and unable to resist against so many, there is dominance that British is showing over North America. The Native women symbolic for America while the men represent British. The Audience I would assume for the British showing that they are powerful and can do what they want.

# data[].attributes.body
Female Combatants:
The intended audience: British, as it's posted in a British magazine. Intended to illustrate the Indigenous as a rebellious child who needs to obey their mother (the crown). Also paints the Indigenous as provocative and "sinful," illustrating the conservative European ideology. Active resilience

The Able Doctor:
After the Boston Tea Party, in response to the colonists dressing up as Indigenous people. Could be a retaliation to "teach them a lesson." Passive resilience

# data[].attributes.body
In both images, the representation of the tension between both Natives and British. The Natives are nude and the British are fully dress in modest clothing. In the Female Combatants, the Native is fighting for liberty while the British are trying to make the Native be obedient and follow what they say. The able doctor shows them disrespecting the Native female as they strap her down and take a peak at her pubic area while forcing her to drink tea.

# data[].attributes.body
The two images present easy to read, visual exaggerations of what was happening to the "American" people (who did not yet exist as an entity but were beginning to be formed as an idea via an identification with indigenous people) that would have been accessible to members of all classes and literacy levels. While originally printed in British newspapers, likely as a way for the colonists to Garner sympathy among the people of the crown, these were reprinted in America as a rally there. The able doctor portrays America as a lone, vulnerably woman being flanked by symbols of British power, when the responsibly party, Brittania as a whole looks away. By printing this in a British newspaper, the artists was working to solve the issue they identified. In contrast, the queen in The Female Combatants represents the whole of Britain, not portrayed as seperate from the people, and works to keep America down. The use of the world "slut" is interesting, as the allusion to fertility in depictions of America often comes in the image of a woman, so it is as if the queen is jealous of American resources.

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatants: The image shows how the native woman (aka America) is throwing the first punch while the woman is not fully dressed. It shows how the British see America as less than and improper.

The Able Doctor or America Swallowing the Bitter Daughter: The image shows how the British view America as a female that they own. Forcing the woman to drink tea and looking up her skirt represents that the British have full control of America despite how uncomfortable they may be.

Both images show that the British view the Americans as the Americans view the Indians. They view them as unkempt and people that need to be directed and overpowered.

# data[].attributes.body
Image 1: The Female Combatants
- "I'll force you into obedience you rebellious slut" as she is fighting the Native woman.
- Native woman looks to be throwing the first punch (Shows them as violent)
- The British woman was speaking down to the Native American woman and the Native woman was fighting back

Image 2: The able doctor or America swallowing the bitter daughter
- man lifting up her skirt
- British forcing tea down her throat (symbolizes colonization as they are forcing their customs onto the Native people)
- Shows that the British own them and have power over them

1. Both were published in British Newspapers, but they seem to not be too in favor of the British as Image 1 shows the representative of the crown being punched and talked back to and Image 2 shows men forcing themselves on a Native Woman.

# data[].attributes.body
The first image represents an unusual and powerful image of women taking on traditionally male roles, demonstrating courage and strength in a combat situation. It captures a moment of conflict and action, showcasing the determination and resolve of the female combatants. This artwork reflects the changing attitudes towards gender roles and empowerment during the Enlightenment era in the 18th century. The second image serves as a satirical commentary on the changing political dynamics of the late 18th century and the challenges faced by American diplomats in navigating the complexities of international relations during that period.

# data[].attributes.body
The Female Combatants - There is a female matriarch representing the crown arguing with a revolting daughter, representing American liberty. This symbolism reflects obedience versus liberty, in which early American revolutionary acts are depicted through class, gender, and power.

The Able Doctor - This image depicts British policies being forcibly shoved down the throats of Americans, as a response to the Intolerable Acts.

Perspective is important when considering these images, as both parties could be depicted as disrespectful depending on the point of view. However, it seems clear that in both of these images, more so The Able Doctor, the Americans succumb to the power of the British.

# data[].attributes.body
Julian Vaca

Both of these cartoons pit a domineering Britain against an America embodying by ideas of liberty. In both case, Britain is willing to use force against America in a brutish way, with the goal of submitting a rebellious subject. While in the “The Able Doctor”, America displays a more fragile figure and passive resistance, “The Female Combatants” shows an America actively preparing to fight. In both cases, America is portrayed with “Indian” characteristics in a physical representation of the colonists newfound identity, contrary to their British heritage. Because of this, I believe that the intended audience are colonists dissatisfied with the crown.

# data[].attributes.body
The “Female Combatants” definitely serves to mock women first and natives second. It is making fun of European and Native American women. However the Native woman is a white woman in this image so it is a eurocentric piece. I would say that the Native woman does not necessarily represent Native Americans here but is supposed to mock the Americans more as a whole. The women are being used as symbols for the old world and the new world.

# data[].attributes.body
These images seem to portray America as the noble side in the fight. Whether they're being held down or fighting for liberty, America's portrayal is that of the "good guy". This isn't exactly the best representation of colonists as they to committed acts upon indigenous people so to turn around and portray them is rather callous. Regardless, these images represent how America feels at the moment. They're being violated and abused by the crown at every turn and they wish to fight for their liberty at any cost. This liberty of course being fought against the pompous British who are extremely negatively portrayed which then surprises me that these comics were published around the British Empire.

# data[].attributes.body
Both of these personify America as a Native American women. The Female Combatant portrays the American colonists as a rebellious daughter of Mother Britain, and criticizes Britain for fighting for obedience while America is fighting for liberty. The Able Doctor depicts a Native American woman being held down against her will, forced to drink tea by British men, symbolizing the British colonists forcing Native American people to assimilate to European culture. This is all happening while they take advantage of her and assault her.

# data[].attributes.body
The female combatants: In this image a settler is dressed up as a native, as seen by the head dress and feathers. The image depicts the battle between the old British and the new rebellious American settlers. It shows the different views of each by the word bubbles and also their noticeable discomfort while talking to each other.

The Able doctor: in this image it shows how the British are trying to force their old ways and rules on the new American settlers. It shows how each group has very different views that clash and make the British use force to get their way. The man clearly assulting the woman foreshadows the amount of violence that will be used in the future against each group.

# data[].attributes.body
Both pieces depict a Native representative for America however where the female combatant depicts them as equals America with the wild crest in opposition to order, the bitter draught depicts them as a Native held captive as the world stages looks on mocking. The symbology in both transforms America from an equal to a pawn between the two comics.

Spencer C

# data[].attributes.body
We were very confused by the imagery depicted in these images. We discussed the gendered imagery of the indigenous people in the political cartoon and the significance of depicting the American Revolutionary struggle as an Indigenous Woman.
We were confused by the fact these were published in British newspapers, as they depict the British in a negative light, especially in the second image where the British colonists are violating the indigenous woman.

# data[].attributes.body
The imagery here is meant to depict America in a certain way. In "The Able Doctor," America is depicted as a native woman who is completely subjugated by British aristocrats. British depictions of women and Native Americans are meant to depict American as "below" Europeans. In "The Female Combatants," similar ideas about women and Native Americans are being represented. The idea that women should be obedient is pertinent, as its portraying America as a women who does not want to conform to these traditional ideas about women. By depicting America as a Native American, it creates an image of an uncivilized and rebellious nature, diametrically opposed to the civilized nature of the British.

# data[].attributes.body
Both images show how controlling the British empire was before the revolution. They use Native people to emphasize that they wanted freedom from the empire in North America. Natives were used to show independence and to separate the British and the Americans. They also used the images to show how harsh the British empire was before the American Revolution. In the able doctor, the British are taking advantage of the Native women forcing her to do things that she does not want to do, which also aids in the controlling of the British empire.

# data[].attributes.body
I think that in the able doctor America is represented as an indigenous women is being forced to drink tea, and I think it is symbolic way to criticize the British government on their treatment of the American colonies. In the female combatant the indigenous women is fighting for liberty and also depicts the perception towards Americans at the time.

# data[].attributes.body
This shows the British forcing their culture (symbolized by the Tea kettle) on the native woman. The guy holding up her skirt clearly has poor intentions, which may symbolize the brutality of the conquest. There is also a woman in the back, averting her eyes. It is hard to tell what she is holding but it seems like a wooden wheel, perhaps being related to technology. She either is disgusted by the actions of the men before her, or the fact that the woman before her is naked.

# data[].attributes.body
I think it can depend on the perception that you are looking at it from. If you are looking at it from the colonists perspective, it seems as though you are the one who is being disrespected and treated unfairly and wrong. However, if you look it from the perspective of the British, it looks as though the colonists have become the disrespectful ones and have forgotten who is in charge and who they are ruled by.

# data[].attributes.body
Both images indicate that the Americans are acting more like Natives, and were published in British newspapers. This likely means that Britain saw American colonists as behaving more savage, and that Britain needed to step in and take more control of the colonies. The Female Combantants, for instance, indicates the colonies fighting against the British, and that the British need to stay in control. The Able Doctor a woman being force-fed by the British, indicating how the colonies were forced into British policies with little to say about it. However, both images also seem to be slighting Britain, especially The Able Doctor, which indicates that the colonists are being brutally mistreated.

# data[].attributes.body
In the first piece, the British queen is shown fighting with a  woman in native dress, both of whom are meant to represent their respective continents. The queen calls the woman a "rebellious slut," degrading and insulting her. The native woman is depicted addressing the queen as "mother" and begging for liberty, which wrongfully portrays the woman as property of England and disobedient. In the other piece, colonists are seen feeding a woman in native dress, violating her and holding her down. She is shown trying to resist them but failing. Again we see the representation of native people as rebellious and defiant, and the creators of these pieces are comparing the colonists to natives and their negative views of these people who resist their 'rulers' (colonists who never had authority over them in the first place).

# data[].attributes.body
Use of stuffy British female monarch in combatant fighting a naked "wild" woman who represents the freedom of the American people in the Female Combatants. In the Able Doctor, you see a naked, vulnerable woman being forced tea down her throat, almost 'colonizing' her. Liberty is often depicted as a woman, so liberty is being depicted as a wild uncivizlied woman who needs to be forced into submission and can be taken advantage of. Both of the naked women symbolize America and liberty trying to fight the stuffy monarchy, but it seems like in both comics its a losing battle. The Female combatants native woman mentions fighting till death, which seems to represent that the native woman knows she will die in the pursuit of her wild liberty, while the able doctor shows the "liberty woman" is literally held down and being forced to drink tea. They continue to fight, yet it seems to be a losing fight in both images

# data[].attributes.body
in both images, they both represent how much European (British) power they hold over the Indians and how mistreated they are. In the able doctor the Native women is being forced to drink tea against her will.