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beginning of American History as we know it.

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2200 B.C.(Tower of Babel)-1600 A.D., 1607 Early Settlement of Jamestown

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Oral literature: epic narratives, creation myths, stories, poems, songs.
Use stories to teach moral lessons and convey practical information about the natural world.

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Deep respect for nature and animals.

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Cyclical worldview.

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Puritism and Early Settlement of the First "American" Colonies 1600-1800

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Puritism and Early Settlement of the First "American" Colonies 1600-1800

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Early Settlement of the first American colonies- Jamestown

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Salem Witch Trials

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Jonathan Edwards "Sinners at the Hands of an Angry God"

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1. Wrote mostly diaries and histories which expressed the connections between God and their everyday lives.
2. South to "purify" the Church of England by reforming to the simpler forms of worship and church organization described in the New Testament.
3. Saw religion as a personal, inner experience.
4. Believed in original sin and "elect" who would be saved.
5. Used a plain style of writing.

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Willian Bradford- "Of Plymouth Plantation"
Anne Bradstreet- poetry
John Edwards -"Sinners at the Hands of an Angry God".
Edward Taylor- "Huswifery"

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1. The original settlers were all men.
2. Bodies were buried in unmarked graves to conceal the colony's decline in manpower.

https://www.history.com/news/jamestown-colony-settlement-facts

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Rationalism "The Age of Reason" "The Enlightenment" 

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Rationalism "The Age of Reason" "The Enlightenment" 

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1. Mostly comprised of philosophers, scientists, writing speeches and pamphlets

2. Human beings can arrive at truth (God's rules) by using deductive reasoning, rather than relying on the authority of the past, on religious faith, or intuition

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Benjamin Franklin
—Autobiography
Patrick Henry
—"Speech to the Virginia Convention"
Thomas Paine
—"The Crisis"
Phyllis Wheatley
—poetry
The Constitution
The Bill of Rights
The Declaration of Independence

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Interesting Facts about the Revolutionary War

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Interesting Facts about the Revolutionary War

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1. The British planned to assassinate George Washington.
2. Invisible ink was used to write messages.

https://blog.genealogybank.com/10-fun-facts-about-the-revolutionary-war.html

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1. "The Age of Reason" or "The Enlightenment" was a movement focused on the value of human happiness and knowledge based on reason and evidence.
2. It was a belief in the use and celebration of reason.

https://www.britannica.com/summary/The-Enlightenment-Key-Facts#:~:text=The%20Enlightenment%2C%20also%20known%20as,and%20improve%20their%20own%20condition.

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1. Everything in the world, including human beings, is a reflection of the Divine Soul.
2. People can use their intuition to behold God's spirit revealed in nature or in their own souls.
3. Self-reliance and individualism must outweigh external authority and link conformity to tradition.
4. Important social and political movements include the Abolitionist, Utopian, and Women's Suffrage Movements

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Ralph Waldo Emerson
—Nature
—"Self-Reliance"
Henry David Thoreau
—Walden
—Life in the Woods
Louisa May Alcott
—Little Women

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1. Transcendentalists believed people and nature were filled with goodness.
2. The Transcendental Club was formed in 1836 and lasted four years.

https://www.historyforkids.net/the-transcendentalists.html/

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1800-1860

The War of 1812- 1812-1815

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1. Valued feeling, intuition, idealism, and inductive reasoning.

2. Placed faith in inner experience and the power of the imagination.

3. Shunned the artificiality of civilization and sought unspoiled nature as a path to spirituality.

4. Championed individual freedom and the worth of the individual

5. Saw poetry as the highest expression of the imagination

6. Dark Romantics: used dark and supernatural themes/settings (Gothic style)

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Washington Irving
—"Rip van Winkle"

Emily Dickinson
—poetry

Walt Whitman
—Leaves of Grass

Edgar Allan Poe
—"The Raven"

Nathaniel Hawthorne
—The Scarlet Letter

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1. Poetry was important during this period.

2. This period is often thought of as the start of American literature.

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The Romantic Period in the United States was from 1800 to 1850. After beginning in Europe in the late 18th century, Romanticism found its way to the United States. Art, literature, politics, and philosophy were all part of the Romantic Period in the United States in the early and middle 19th century…

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Interesting Facts about the Salem Witch Trials

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Interesting Facts about the Salem Witch Trials

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1. Children were often accused of witchcraft.

2. "To identify witches, authorities used the "touching test", in which victims of witchcraft would become calm upon touching the culprit." (Briticanna)

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1. Fear of communism led to McCarthy's rise to power.

2. Government employees lost jobs due to McCarthyism.

https://owlcation.com/humanities/Facts-About-McCarthyism

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1. Whitman started his first job as a printer at the age of 12.

2. He left school at 11.

3. Whitman founded his own newspaper as a teenager.

Allen, Gay Wilson and Jeffares, Alexander Norman. "Walt Whitman". Encyclopedia Britannica, 3 Jan. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Walt-Whitman. Accessed 11 January 2024.

https://interestingliterature.com/2023/04/walt-whitman-facts/#

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1. Anne married when she was 16 years old.

2. She was the first Puritan in American Literature.

3. The Bradstreets were a part of the founding of Harvard University.

https://poemanalysis.com/anne-bradstreet/biography/

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1. Poe published his first book at 18.

2. Edgar Allen was a college dropout.

3. Poe joined the U.S. Army in 1827 but left after 2 years.

https://www.yourdictionary.com/articles/edgar-allan-poe-facts

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Civil War
1861-1865

Reconstruction Era
1865-1877

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1. Feelings of disillusionment.
2. Common subjects: slums of rapidly growing cities, factories replacing farmlands, poor factory workers, corrupt politicians.
3. Represented the manner and environment of everyday life and ordinary people as realistically as possible (Regionalism).
4. Sought to explain behavior (psychologically/socially).

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Mark Twain
-Huckleberry Finn

Jack London
-Call of the Wild
-"To Build a Fire"

Stephen Crane
-"The Open Boat"

Ambrose Bierce
-"An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge"

Kate Chopin
-"Story of an Hour"
-The Awakening

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1. Realism rejects imaginative idealization in favor of close observation of outward appearances.

2. It was a dominant current in French art between 1850 and 1880.

https://www.britannica.com/summary/realism-art#:~:text=Realism%20rejects%20imaginative%20idealization%20in,the%20landscape%20near%20their%20village.

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1. Mark Twain was not expected to survive as a baby.

2. It took Twain 7 years to finish "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn".

3. Mark Twain invented a board game.

https://www.hisandhersbookclub.com/articles/top-10-mark-twain-facts

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1. Cisneros has dual citizenship in the US and Mexico.

2. Sandra Cisneros has a BA from Loyola University and a MFA from University of Iowa.

3. Cisneros's "House on Mango Street" has been translated in over 20 languages.

https://www.fordfoundation.org/about/the-art-of-change-meet-our-fellows/sandra-cisneros/#:~:text=She%20holds%20a%20BA%20from,currently%20lives%20in%20central%20Mexico.

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1900-1950

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World War I
1914-1918

The Great Depression
1929-1939

World War II
1939-1945

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1. Sense of disillusionment and loss of faith in the "American Dream": the independent, self-reliant, individual will triumph.
2. Emphasis on bold experimentation in style and form over the traditional.
3. Interest in the inner workings of the human mind (ex. Stream of consciousness).

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Lorraine Hansberry
-A Raisin in the Sun

F. Scott Fitzgerald
-The Great Gatsby

William Faulkner
-"A Rose for Emily"

Eudora Welty
-"A Worn Path"

Robert Frost
-poetry

T. S. Eliot
-The Waste Land
-"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"

John Steinbeck
-Of Mice and Men
-The Grapes of Wrath

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1. Modernism Stands For Innovation And Experimentation

2. Modernist Artists Questioned Conservative Values

https://www.thecollector.com/modernism-definition/

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1. The "American Dream was of equality.

2. In the 1920's the "American Dream" was also about having material possessions.

https://www.thecollector.com/the-roaring-twenties-jazz-age/

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1. The "American Dream" was something people looked up to due to the effects of the Great Depression.

2. During the 30s, 15 million Americans were unemployed.

https://transformationoftheamericandream.weebly.com/1930s.html

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1. The "American Dream" started to include more technology, like TVs in every room of the house.

2. Nice kitchens and beautiful yards were included as well.

https://transformationoftheamericandream.weebly.com/1950s.html

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Harlem Renaissance "The Jazz Age" The Roaring 20s" - 1920-1940

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Harlem Renaissance "The Jazz Age" The Roaring 20s" - 1920-1940

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"The New Negro Movement" -1919-1925

Prohibition -1920-1933

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1. Black cultural movement in Harlem, New York

2. Some Poetry rhythms based on spirituals and jazz, lyrics on the blues and diction from the street talk of the ghettos

3. Other poetry used conventional lyrical forms

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James Weldon Johnson

Claude Mckay

Countee Cullen

Langstor Hughes (poetry)

Zora Neale Hursten

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1. Was the most influential movement in African American literary history.

2. This movement also included music, theater, and visual arts.

https://www.britannica.com/summary/Harlem-Renaissance-Key-Facts#:~:text=The%20Harlem%20Renaissance%20(c.,civil%20rights%20and%20reform%20organizations.

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1. The "American Dream" changed from focusing on one's self and family to the greater good of the nation.

2. The dream was to create and equal America for all.

https://transformationoftheamericandream.weebly.com/1960s.html

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1. The first Space Shuttle, Columbia, launches in 1981.

2. The Berlin Wall falls in 1989.

3. https://www.history.com/topics/1980s/1980s

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1. The Soviet Union falls, ending the Cold War.

2. The Internet is invented.

https://www.history.com/topics/1990s/1990s

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Korean War 1950-1953

Vietnam War 1954-1975

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1. Influenced by studies of media, language, and information technology.
2. Sense that little is unique; culture endlessly duplicates itself.
3. New literary forms and techniques: works composed of only dialogue, or combining fiction and nonfiction, experimenting with physical appearance of their work.

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Alice Walker

Wallace Stevens

e.e. cummings

Maya Angelou

Anne Sexton

James Baldwin

Richard Wright

Sandra Cisneros

Amy Tan

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1. Postmodernism doesn't believe in an objective reality.

2. In Postmodernism, there is no scientific or historical truth.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/postmodernism-philosophy

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The theme of Crossroads, by Jonathan Franzen is finding freedom, which each character in the book seeks. All having different lifestyles and seeking their own freedom, they may interfere with each other.

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This timeline project has had a lot of work put into it. It has been a great way for me to research and learn in a creative way. I have enjoyed the project and it has taught me so much about American history and literature.