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This shows the classification of three different flies which have evolved into three subcategories through the mentioned speciation events which are, for example, migration.

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Speciation is the description of the formation of new organisms through the process of evolution. All the factors mentioned cause speciation and scientist use speciation today in the form of taxonomy to classify and trace species with the denominator of time. Through migration species isolate in different environments, thus creating new species. This is a classic example of speciation and is, in essence, what It is. The existence and proof of this concept is the ultimate proof of the modern theory of evolution.

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Depicted is the process of crossing over in which a homologous pair aligns and attaches on the corresponding chromosome. This results in more differentiation of genetic code which ultimately causes more variation in the offspring.

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Variation is essential for evolution as it aids organisms in adapting and developing new traits to fit better to their environment.

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The different grasshoppers have been isolated into different environments and have therefore adapted to their environment in a physical and psychological manner as one must favour the sand and the other must favour grass for their camouflage to work.

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Isolation will cause the separated species to change and adapt to the new environment. It will cause the species to function differently psychologically and physically, subsequently creating a new species which is important for species diversity and our understanding of evolution today.

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Isolation is the process in which a species or individual is isolated from others due to geographic, physiological or psychological factors. Individuals subjected to isolation will develop according to the environment they reside in. If a species is segregated due to a geographic barrier it will develop according to its surroundings. This may go to the extend of interbreeding between the primary species and the now newly developed species to not working as the genetic code has already been so differentiated.

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The brown snail has been chosen to be more successful as it can camouflage better than the light snails, therefore the snails will evolve to become brown

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Natural Selection is essential in the existence of the Modern Synthetic theory of evolution as it highlights the alteration of a species through the favouring of specific organisms with advantageous genetic information and the subjected organisms natural successful reproductive "career" in which it evolves the species in that specific environment. In the end, the environment will determine the species phenotype and genotype which will cause species to diverge into different species depending on their environment; as a final result.

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It is the process in which organisms naturally favour genetic traits they posses which fit better to their surroundings than those of their competitors. Therefore these are also favoured in reproduction. This mentioned process of adaptation is initiated through the existence of a mutation, for example, and then favours the mutation if it is helpful for the organisms survival in its environment. It is a constant process which individuals cannot control. It therefore constantly alters the species gene pool.

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The parental plants pass on there genetic information, concluding in a redesign of the species in the second generation as all plants are tall. The plants being tall are advantageous for them, finally, the species will be carry on to be more tall than short, concluding in a process of evolution.

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Heredity is important because of the advantageous information which was passed on from the parent to the offspring. The offspring is different form the parent, however still owns its successful characteristics. This connects to evolution because the offspring will always be the ones which own the successful genetic code; may it be mutated or adapted to its environment, and will therefore- through its existence- help evolve the species to a different, however more successful one.

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Is the process of an Offspring possessing different genetic code than its parents. Primarily, Mutations cause Variation as well. The primary causes of genetic variation are, however during sexual reproduction where the two parent organisms combine their genetic information into a daughter organism. This causes a great amount of variation. Another common cause of variation is the process of crossing over in which, during mitoses, the aligning chromosomes will cross over chromosomal information to cause further differential production of gametes, concluding in modern variation.

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The resistant louse, which gained it's resistance to lice shampoo randomly through mutation will be the sole survivor of the four, therefore ultimately more successful and it's offspring will also be successful.

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is the observable characteristic of an individual

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As explained, mutations tend to express themselves in the offspring of subjected individuals, therefore the offspring will have a phenotypic alteration which may even cause more success for that individual, therefore it will succeed over those who do not have this mutation and will pass on it's mutation for its offspring to further be successful. This will, ultimately, cause more individuals with this mutation and less with none.

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Different types of Point Mutations.

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Opposed to different theories of the creation of this planet and explanation to why our biological status is the way it is today -like Creationism-,  the Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution is a proven theory which encompasses Gene Mutations, Variation/Recombination, Heredity, Natural Selection, Isolation and Speciation to illustrate a bundle of evidence which  proves our modern perception of the past and how it led to what we are today.

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It is the process of DNA being passed on from a parent individual to an offspring. If a parent is able to reproduce it was usually successful and will contain strong, useful genetic code which it is able to pass on to its offspring. The offspring is able to use this genetic code as an advantage to help it follow the footsteps of its parent to become a successful survivor.

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They can occur randomly, through the exposure of radiation or even just DNA replication if the errors are not fixed by the body. The latter being extremely rare. These changed can be of great harm to the subjected organism, however they may also be completely insignificant. These point mutations can cause great phenotypical changes in the individual, however usually express themselves in the affected parent's offspring.