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The materials used in never ending match sticks are a iron rod and a flint were used for friction which would burn and ignites the matchstick and it will never end and this is a ecological discovery

Siva shankar

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Thursday 21, January 2021                              -S.M.SATHANA 

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Thursday 21, January 2021                              -S.M.SATHANA 

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Materials used in "Never Ending  Matchstick"_
(i) stainless steel flask
(ii) It's tank is filled with standard  lighter fluid
(iii) A Ferro rod on the side of the permanent  match to light it.

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The never ending match sticks container consists of strong black ABS plastic and silver stainless steel. Reusable and refillable canister. Perma long endless life, will last 15,000 strikes. Magnesium steel alloy flint rod are also use in the never ending match sticks.

-THANGA ARJUN.G
XI-A
21.1.2021(THURSDAY)

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NEVER ENDING MATCH-STICK:
They're simple, safe and convenient to carry. Most permanent lighters have a long shelf life, and can go months.The head of safety matches are made of an oxidizing agent such as potassium chlorate, mixed with sulfur, fillers and glass powder. The side of the box contains red phosphorus, binder and powdered glass.
A typical form of lighter is the permanent match or everlasting match, consisting of a naphtha fuel-filled metal shell and a separate threaded metal rod assembly—the "match"—serving as the striker and wick. ... Its concealed wick catches fire, resembling a match.

-Krishnaveni.A
Xl-A

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Basically, it's a metal, match-shaped tube with a wick at the end. The match screws into a flask-shaped container full of fluid. On the outside of the "flask" is a rough surface which sparks the flint embedded in the wick. When you're done, you blow out the flame like you would a regular match.
Simply put a few drops of lighter fluid in the opening and put match rod back in well. This perma-match is rated for more than 20,000 match equivalent. Contains a fuel, Ferro rod and wick in one all-inclusive fire starting kit that fits conveniently in your pocket.
Strike Survival’s forever match is great for outdoors. Hikers, Survivalist, Military, Law Enforcement, Average everyday persons, and even Campers, love this lighter. Easy to use and super compact. Can keep it on your key ring, or backpack, works great with Mollie system, or attach to anything that a keychain will. Simply put a few drops of lighter fluid in the opening and put match rod back in well. This perma-match is rated for more than 20,000 match equivalent. Contains a fuel, Ferro rod and wick in one all-inclusive fire starting kit that fits conveniently in your pocket. Strikes hot, burns hot: Ferro rod strikes at over 3000 degrees and flame burns at over 600 degrees Fahrenheit.
BY : GOKULA THIRUMENI T
XI A

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Fire is much needed in a survival situation while you need a shelter, food as well as drinking water. The Permanent Match called the never ending match is made with stainless steel and to light the match, you just need to strike it against the Ferro rod on the side.
It is tiny and made with stainless steel flask.
Its tank is filled with standard lighter fluid. The most important reason to makes it more valuable is, it can be lit hundreds of times on a single fill of lighter fluid. It is very easy to carry with its excellent clip. You can easily attach the match by its clip with your, bug out bag, key chain, hiking bag,  and more. It will last a long life and up to 15,000 strikes. This waterproof gadget is perfect for outdoor activities and the best permanent match lighter.

-KARISHMA RAAJU.G.M.
21.01.2021

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The never ending matchsticks works like a charm. It is fast and quick to start a fire. Start barbeques, propane, lanterns, oil lamps, bunsen burners, blow torch, fire pit, fireplace, bonfires, candles, paper, dry grass, hay, weeds, bark, kindling, wood, logs, coal, charcoal, maya dust, tinder and tumbleweeds. Use it indoors while cooking in the kitchen. No smoke.
The container consists of strong black ABS plastic and silver stainless steel. Reusable and refillable canister.Permanent long endless life, will last 15,000 strikes. Magnesium steel alloy flint rod. Liquid fuel is sold separately. Be sure to purchase Ronson or Ronsonol lighter fluid (light petroleum distillate) separately. Includes cotton wicks and keyring.
It is water proof, weatherproof, windproof, storm proof, sparks in wind while wet or cold in all types of weather.

By
R. Shanmuga Dharshini

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THERMODYNAMIC PROCESS.....
-KRISHNAVENI. A

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In thermodynamic process there are 4  process
1.Isothermal process-in this process the temperature remains constant so ∆u(internal energy)=0 .therefore Q=W. The head supplied is absorbed by the gas entirely and used in the work done by the gas.
2.Isobaric process-in this process the pressure is constant .the volume is directly proportional to temperature
3.Isochoric process-in this process the volume remains constant .the pressure is directly proportional to temperature.in this process ∆v=0
W=P x ∆v=P x 0 =0
Therefore Q=∆U
4.Adiabatic process - in this process the heat neither enters the system nor leaves the system Q=0
∆U=-W
-THANGA ARJUN.G
XI-A

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There are 5 process in thermodymanic processes.

They are
*Isothermal Process
*Isobaric process
*Isochoric Process
* Adiabiatic Process
* Cyclic Process

Isothermal process is a process by which there is change in pressure and volume when heat is applied and remaining temperature is constant

Isobaric Process is a process in which there is change in volume and temperature where pressure being constant when heat is applied

Isochoric process is a process in which there is change in pressure and temperature where volume being constant when heat is applied

Adiabiatic Process is a process in which there is sudden change in volume , pressure, Temperature on no heat applied

Cyclic process is a combined form of all processes in which intial and final reaction is same

SGS. SIVA SHANKAR DEV

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Thermodynamic process
Defined by change in the system, a thermodynamic process is a passage of a thermodynamic system from an initial to a final state of thermodynamic equilibrium. The initial and final states are the defining elements of the process. The actual course of the process is not the primary concern, and often is ignored. A state of thermodynamic equilibrium endures unchangingly unless it is interrupted by a thermodynamic operation that initiates a thermodynamic process. The equilibrium states are each respectively fully specified by a suitable set of thermodynamic state variables, that depend only on the current state of the system, not the path taken by the processes that produce the state. In general, during the actual course of a thermodynamic process, the system passes through physical states which are not describable as thermodynamic states, because they are far from internal thermodynamic equilibrium. Such a process may therefore be admitted for non-equilibrium thermodynamics, but not be admitted for equilibrium thermodynamics, which primarily aims to describe the continuous passage along the path, at definite rates of progress.

Though not so in general, it is, however, possible, that a process may take place slowly or smoothly enough to allow its description to be usefully approximated by a continuous path of equilibrium thermodynamic states. Then it may be approximately described by a process function that does depend on the path. Such a process may be idealized as a "quasi-static" process, which is infinitely slow, and which is really a theoretical exercise in differential geometry, as opposed to an actually possible physical process; in this idealized case, the calculation may be exact, though the process does not actually occur in nature. Such idealized processes are useful in the theory of thermodynamics.
- Gokula Thirumeni T

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Four process.
By
R. Shanmuga Dharshini

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The Thermodynamic Processes are:
Isothermal Process:
It is a thermodynamic process in which temperature remains constant.

Adiabatic Process:
It is a thermodynamic process in which no heat is exchanged between the system and the surrounding.

Isochoric Process:

The change in volume of thermodynamic system is zero. As change in volume is zero so work done is zero. From First law, Q=ΔU

Isobaric Process:
The pressure remains constant during this process. So ,
W=P(Vf−Vi)
So if volume increases work done is positive else negative.

Cyclic Process:
It is a process in which the final state of the system is equal to the initial state. As we know Change in internal energy is state function.

-Karishma Raaju.G.M.
26/11/2020

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Notes from the  video
-THANGA ARJUN.G
XI-A

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Notes from the video.
- Gokula Thirumeni T

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Notes from Thermodynamics process (Isothermal)....
-Krishnaveni. A

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Notes from the video expansion.
-Karishma Raaju.G.M.

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Information about isothermal reaction
- shanmuga Dharshini

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First topic in the chapter
- Gokula Thirumeni T

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First topic in the lesson -21........Limitations of first law of Thermodynamics.

-KRISHNAVENI. A

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First paragraph in lesson 21 -The Zeroth law of Thermodynamics
-THANGA ARJUN.G
XI-A

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First paragraph in chapter 21
- S.M.SATHANA

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Zeroth Law Of Thermodynamics
- Shanmuga Dharshini

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The first paragraph of Limitation of First Laws of Thermodynamics.

-Karishma Raaju.G.M.

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Newton's Law Of Cooling
SHANMUGA DHARSHINI

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Krishnaveni.A

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Some notes and Equations on Newton's Law of Cooling from the Video.
- Karishma Raaju.G.M.

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The answer for today’s brain storming question is,
16=7 because the number of letters in the word is 7 (sixteen).
17=9 because the number of letters in the word is 9 (seventeen).

SURFACE TENSION:
Certain insects do stand in water.The property which implies is called surface tension.The cohesive forces between liquid molecules are responsible for the phenomenon known as surface tension.It is the tendency to shrink to its minimum surface area.There are two primary mechanisms in play. One is an inward force on the surface molecules causing the liquid to contract.Second is a tangential force parallel to the surface of the liquid.The formula is given in the below picture.

-KRISHNAVENI.A

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the tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the surface layer by the bulk of the liquid, which tends to minimize surface area.
S tallows insects (e.g. water striders), usually denser than water, to float and slide on a water surface. ...  S T is an important factor in the phenomenon of capillarity. Surface Tension has the dimension of force per unit length, or of energy per unit area.
- Gokula Thirumeni T
2-11-2020

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Surface tension is the tendency of liquid surfaces to shrink into the minimum surface area  possible. Surface tension allows insects (e.g. water striders), usually denser than water, to float and slide on a water surface.
Surface tension has the dimension of force per unit length, or of energy per unit area. The two are equivalent, but when referring to energy per unit of area, it is common to use the term surface area, which is a more general term in the sense that it applies also to solids.
BY
R. SHANMUGA DHARSHINI
2-11-2020

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Surface tension is the tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the surface layer by the bulk of the liquid, which tends to minimize surface area. Surface tension not only depends upon the forces of attraction between the particles within the given liquid but also on the forces of attraction of solid, liquid or gas in contact with it.
- Karishma
02/11/2020

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An Elliptical Path of the planet around the sun...
when the planet is closest to the sun, the speed and kinetic energy are highest and gravitational potential energy is lowest and when the planet moves far away from the sun the speed and kinetic energy decreases whereas gravitational potential energy increases.

- S.M.SATHANA
11-A

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Ans:
The distances between planets will vary depending on where each planet is in its orbit around the Sun. Sometimes the distances will be closer and other times they will be farther away.The reason for this is that the planets have elliptical orbits and none of them are perfect circles and also because of the gravitational pull that sun is producing on the other planets around it.If the planets are far away in the same time, the distance covered is less and it lacks  the gravitational pull produced by the sun. On other hand when the planets are near the sun in the same time, the distance covered is more and there is a more gravitational pull produced by the sun.

-KARISHMA RAAJU.G.M
19.08.2020

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ANS:
THE PLANET IS MOVING IN ELLIPTICAL ORBIT AND THE SUN IS LOCATED IN ONE CORNER OF THE ELLIPTICAL ORBIT SO THERE IS CHANGE IN DISTANCE  AND THE GRAVITATION PULL OF SUN ON PLANETS WILL ALSO BE THE REASON FOR CHANGE IN DISTANCE ON CONSTANT TIME .

BY-
THANGA ARJUN.G
XI-A
19-8-2020[WEDNESDAY]

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ANSWER FOR TODAY'S QUESTION (IN LESSON GRAVITION).......
Ans-When the planet is near the sun,then the velocity will be maximum ( thus showing a fast movement within less time interval ).And when the planet is at its farthest point of a orbit, away from the sun ,it shows a minimum velocity (showing a slow revolution)

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I HAVE SHARED THE LIST OF TOPICS TO BE PREPARED BY YOU IN OUTLOOK . HAVE YOU GONE THROUGH IT? HOW MANY OF YOU HAVE STARTED THE PREPARATION?
NEXT WEEK , BY THE COMING MONDAY THE FIRST PERSON HAS TO PRESENT THE LESSON AS I HAVE INFORMED EARLIER IN THE VOICE NOTE.

BE PREPARED MY DEARS. APPROACH ME FOR ANY CLARIFICATIONS.

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LETS JOIN THROUGH SELF DIRECTED LEARNING...

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LETS JOIN THROUGH SELF DIRECTED LEARNING...

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- First of all I am very happy that we are going to be a part in helping our teachers through SDL, and we will join together as a class and experience the new learning environment.
- Through this we shall have a new way of learning by sharing different thoughts between ourselves.
- It can also be even more interesting if we make our learning fun.. by being more interactive ... through which we will be able to know the understanding of our friends..
- we shall have team works within us with the use of Microsoft Teams, conferences, to make sure that we are more effective and creative in bringing more ideas for the suggested topics.
- It can be even more better if the way of conducting tests are more fun filled and it initiates us in learning.. The tests and activities can be scheduled on particular dates by the respective student and then it can either practically done through videos or theories explained.
WE SHALL JOIN HANDS TO MAKE THE LEARNING MORE INNOVATIVE, UNDERSTANDING AND CREATIVE AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE...

- S.M.SATHANA
11-A

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This is way to give our understanding to others. A skype conference with other classmates on the discussion of the topic would be useful.
The ideas could be thought in theoretical way and also experimental way. This type of self learning enhances the learning efficiency and understanding efficiency among us.
Home works on experimental ways, in home based material would make us understand in a much better way.
Project presentation on the topics would make us think beyond the topic and make us research more and more. SDL would be platform to express the talent and knowledge among us.

- Gokula Thirumeni T
XI A

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As a class we are going to put up our great efforts together in order to conduct SDL which is "we learn and we teach". SDL will be efficient in the following ways like:
The use of videos and microsoft streams will be useful in visual teaching.
The concept of teaching will not be completed with the fun learning called activities so it will be conducted to get more learning,
Home works and surprise test will improve our learning.
The conduct of assignments will make us understand where we doing our best and where we should improve our self.
It is a great platform for us to learn our self.

-KARISHMA RAAJU
XI-A

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We are upgrading ourselves to the next level of learning.The ways that we can go through, to make our SDL effective is;
-We could use microsoft stream to show up a connective interact between each other.
-We can upload videos and photos that can catch up the concept correctly.
-We can conduct some activities to conduct the learning with fun.
-We can give home works which makes students to give out a new outcome from it.
-Test the students with assignments.

BY,
KRISHNAVENI.A
Xl

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Discussion on Potential energy,Principle of Conservation of Energy and Different types of forms of energy and transformations.

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Discussion on Potential energy,Principle of Conservation of Energy and Different types of forms of energy and transformations.

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The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be
created nor destroyed - only converted from one form of energy to another.Potential energy  is the energy that is stored in an object due to its position relative to some zero position. An object possesses gravitational potential energy if it is positioned at a height above or below the zero height. The  Forms of Energy: Mechanical, Heat, Chemical, Electrical Radiant, Nuclear, and Sound. Today's class test was easy and I got 330 energy points by 4/4.
BY:
KARISHMA RAAJU.G.M
XI-A
30-07-2020

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Discussion on potential energy and Law of conservation of energy

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Discussion on potential energy and Law of conservation of energy

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Potential energy is the stored energy of position possessed by an object. common types of potential energy include the gravitational potential energy of an object that depends on its mass  and its distance from the center of the mass of another object, the elastic potential energy  of an extended spring, and the electric potential energy of an electric charge  in an electric field. The unit for energy in the international system of units (SI) is the joule, which has the symbol J. The law of conservation of energy is one of the basic laws of physics and therefore governs the microscopic motion of individual atoms in a chemical reaction. The law of conservation energy states, In a closed system i.e, a system that isolated from its surroundings, the total energy of the system is conserved.
BY
R. SHANMUGA DHARSHINI
11-A
30.7.2020

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MONDAY 27.7.2020
Work
work is done when a body is displaced from its mean position with some external forces acting on it and displacing  in the direction of the force acting on the body .
Work is measured by
Force x displacement on the dirction of force.
CONSERVATIVE FORCE
the work done by teforce in a moving body which depends upon the positions of the body and the path followed by this force is independent .
EG.-when a ball is throwed vertically upwards against the gravitationl force.
NON  CONSERVATIVE FORCE
The work dne by the moving body from one position to another which depends on the followed path between the two psitions

VARIABLE FORCE
it is the force were the direction and magnitude are change with time .

-THANGA ARJUN.G
XI-A

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WORK, ENERGY AND POWER
Work
it is said to be done only when a force acted upon a body makes the body move through some distance in the direction of the applied force.
Work done by a Constant force
work is measured by the product of the applied force (f) and the displacement (s) of the body in the direction of the force applied.
W=F*S
W=0 if displacement (s)=0
Variable Force
' force doing a work is variable ', but though work done is constant in it's magnitude and direction.
Conservative Force
the conservative force is the force which depends on the initial and final positions irrespective of the path traveled. the work done by the closed path is zero. Example would be the Gravitational Force.
Non Conservative Force
it is a force which is not dependent on the initial and final position but dependent on the path traveled. Example would be the Frictional Force.

- S.M.SATHANA
11-A

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Work is termed in physics as the object moving with the force given with displacement.
Work= displacement x force
work done by a constant force is always the cos theta to product of displacement into force.
Work done by variable force- is that  the graph of force displacement is divided in to boxes, which are said as delta x. then the differentiation of delta x, that x1 to x2 is so minute that it is taken as dx.
so work = limiting arithmetic progression of del x of force.
del x is changed to d x because of very small changes.
A conservative force depends only on the position of the object. If a force is conservative, it is possible to assign a numerical value for the potential  at any point and conversely, when an object moves from one location to another, the force changes the potential energy of the object by an amount that does not depend on the path taken, contributing to the mechanical energy . If the force is not conservative, then defining a scalar potential is not possible, because taking different paths would lead to conflicting potential differences between the start and end points.
- GOKULA THIRUMENI T

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CHAPTER - WORK, ENERGY AND POWER
Energy
It can be defined as the ability to do work.  S.I. unit of Energy - joule(J).
Types of Energy
- mechanical energy
- thermal energy
- nuclear energy
- chemical energy
- electromagnetic energy
- sonic energy
- gravitational energy
- kinetic energy
- potential energy
- ionization energy

Potential Energy
energy stored by a body to be used later. Potential Energy is expressed due to the body's position or change in its configuration. It's S.I unit = Joule (J). (P.E) = m*g*h

Types of Potential Energy
1) Gravitational Potential Energy
energy stored in a body due to earth's gravity or earth's force of attraction ( it depends on height but not the path).
2) Elastic Potential Energy
possess energy in deformed state or due to it's change in configuration.

Kinetic Energy
energy gained due to the motion of the body. example- magnetic energy.

Law of Conservation of Energy
" Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but only converted from one form to another "

- S.M.SATHANA
11-A

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30-07-2020
Energy transformation-It is a part of  our day to day life.Any thing in this world can posses transformation of energy.It can be from one form to another.
Example,
*If a fan is turned on there is a change from electrical energy to mechanical energy.
*The speakers can make electrical energy to the sound energy.
*Plants can change a heat energy to chemical energy (to synthesis food)
Potential energy-It is a part of mechanical energy.It is a stored energy.The stored energy is possessed when an object undergoes deformation of state.It is an energy at rest.It can also be explained in gravitational term.
P.E=mgh
Example,
*The ball at the highest point.
Law of conservation of energy-As per the law energy can be neither created nor destroyed.It is the unification of all other terms.
Law of conservation=K.E+P.E

By,
KRISHNAVENI.A
Xl

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WORK-It is defined only when an object moves for a particular distance under the influence of force.The object moves along the direction of force. .
work=displacement*force applied.
A constant force is said to be acted under one force.In physics,the work is said to be done only if there is a displacement.The work is said to be zero if there is no displacement. A work is said to be positive when the  force is in the direction of displacement.The work is said to be negative when the  force is not is the direction of displacement.
VARIABLE FORCE-This force can be acted only under the influence of many forces.If a rocket is going to launch the force first increases.Later the force decreases ,when it is going away from earth.A graph is drawn with force(F) and displacement (s).The force changes according to the displacement.The force may be constant for small displacement.There is variation is either magnitude or direction.

BY,
KRISHNAVENI.A

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In physics, power is the rate at which work is done, or the rate at which energy is consumed. Work  In physics, a force is said to do work if, when acting, there is a displacement of the point of application in the direction of the force. In physics, something that causes a change in the motion of an object. The modern definition of force (an object's mass multiplied by its acceleration) was given by Isaac Newton in Newton's laws of motion.
A variable force is a force whose magnitude or direction or both vary during the displacement of a body on which it acts.
Example:
As the spring oscillates between the extreme positions O and A the restoring force on it keeps changing with the displacement from the mean position. This is a variable force on the spring.
Work done by variable forces:
Let us suppose that a body moves along the direction of variable force acting on it. We then plot a graph of force (F) versus displacement (x), which helps calculate the varying force with the displacement as shown. The work done by the variable force can be found by calculating the area under the graph by dividing the total displacements into ‘n’.

-KARISHMA RAAJU.G.M
XI-A
27-07-2020

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1. Work, in physics, measure of energy transfer that occurs when an object is moved over a distance by an external force at least part of which is applied in the direction of the displacement.
2.Energy is the quantitative property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the object. Energy is a conserved quantity, the law of conservation of energy states that energy can be converted in form, but not created or destroyed.
3. Power is defined as the energy that is consumed or converted in a certain amount of time. In a simple electrical circuit, the power is found by multiplying the voltage and current. An electric current is the movement of charged particles measured in amperes and the voltage of the force driving them.

BY.
SHANMUGA DHARSHINI
11-A
27/7/2020

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Good to see you..! hope you doing well.
-S.M.SATHANA
11-A

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Hai Children, this might be a new platform for us to be upgraded to next level in remote learning, say hello!! to your friends, and use this platform for discussion about the lesson with your friends as well as with your teacher.....

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Hai Children, this might be a new platform for us to be upgraded to next level in remote learning, say hello!! to your friends, and use this platform for discussion about the lesson with your friends as well as with your teacher.....

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Welcome kids!!!