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In February 1908, the first street parade for women suffrage in the United States was organized by Harlem Equal Rights League.

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William Howard Taft

William Howard Taft was United States president before he become president he was an American lawyer and politician.

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Thomas A. Edison demonstrated the first talking motion picture.

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The Metamorphosis first published in 1915. His one of the best known work.

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The 1918-1920 flu pandemic aslo known as the Great Influenza Pandemic was deadly global influenza epidemic. It's one of the deadliest pandemic in history.

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The Kid by Charlie Chaplin

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Alexander Fleming accidentaly discovered penicillin when he didn't incubate a petri dish containing a staphylococcus culture and went on vacation.

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The Great depression is a global phenomenon which affected the world for a longer period of time than just the years we refer to as "the Great Depression". This video is regarding what this meant for the U.S at the time.

As is often the case in history it's hard to summarize without making simplifications. Keep that in mind while listening.

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The Great Depression, began in 1929 it was the worst economic downturn in the US history.

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Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, discovered Pluto in 1930.

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Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, discovered Pluto in 1930.

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July 30-1930, Argentina becomes the first winner of the first World Cup in the history.

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Graham published his success book, which was named "Stamboul Train" in the 1932.

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He was elected for president in 1933.

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Edwin Armstrong developed the fm radio in 1933.

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Pablo Picasso's painting, Guernica, has garnered global attention and acclaim ever since it was painted in 1937. What about Guernica has made it so famous?

In January 1937 the Spanish Republican government commissioned Pablo Picasso to create a mural on the theme of "technology" for the Spanish Pavilion at the 1937 World's Fair in Paris. Picasso was living in Paris at the time and hadn't been to Spain for three years. He still had connections to Spain as Honorary Director-in-Exile of the Prado Museum in Madrid, however, and so agreed to the commission. He worked on the mural for several months, although uninspired. On the first of May Picasso read George Steer's moving eyewitness account of the bombing of Guernica on April 26 by German bombers and immediately changed course and started sketches for what would become the world-famous painting - and probably Picasso's most famous work - known as Guernica. Upon completion Guernica was displayed at the World's Fair in Paris, where it was initially negatively received. After the World's Fair, Guernica was displayed on a tour that lasted 19 years throughout Europe and North America in order to raise consciousness about the threat of fascism and raise funds for Spanish refugees.

The tour helped bring the Spanish Civil War to the world's attention, and made Guernica the world's most famous anti-war painting.

Guernica is renown because of its powerful portrayal of the universal suffering, especially that of innocent victims, caused by war. It has become an iconic anti-war symbol and one of the most powerful anti-war paintings in history. It shows the results of the casual practice bombing by Hitler's German air force, acting in support of General Francisco Franco during the Spanish Civil War, of the little village of Guernica, Spain on April 26, 1937.

The bombing lasted for over three hours and decimated the village. As civilians tried to flee, more fighter planes appeared to strafe and kill them in their tracks. This aerial bombardment was the first-ever in history of a civilian population. Picasso's painting depicts the horror, misery, and devastation that resulted from this senseless aerial bombardment that destroyed seventy percent of the village and killed and wounded about 1600 people, roughly one third of the population of Guernica.

The painting is an enormous mural-sized oil painting on canvas that is about eleven feet tall and twenty-five feet wide. Its size and scale contribute to its impact and power. The color palette Picasso chose is a somber monochrome palette of black, white, and gray, emphasizing the starkness of the scene as well as perhaps referring to the media representation of war. There is a textured part of the painting that resembles the lines of newsprint.

The painting is done in the Cubist style Picasso is known for, and at first glance the painting seems to be a jumbled mass of body parts, but when looking more slowly the viewer notices specific figures - the woman screaming in pain while holding the body of her dead child, the horse with its mouth opened in terror and pain, figures with arms outstretched, suggestions of fire and spears, a scene of overall horror and frenzy organized compositionally into three discrete sections anchored in the middle by a triangular shape and a shaft of light.

"From the beginning, Picasso chooses not to represent the horror of Guernica in realist or romantic terms. Key figures - a woman with outstretched arms, a bull, an agonized horse - are refined in sketch after sketch, then transferred to the capacious canvas, which he also reworks several times. 'A painting is not thought out and and settled in advance,' said Picasso. 'While it is being done, it changes as one's thoughts change. And when it's finished, it goes on changing, according to the state of mind of whoever is looking at it." (1)

It is hard to know the exact meaning of the tortured figures and images in the painting since it is "a hallmark of Picasso's work that a symbol can hold many, often contradictory meanings.....When asked to explain his symbolism, Picasso remarked, 'It isn't up to the painter to define the symbols. Otherwise it would be better if he wrote them out in so many words! The public who look at the picture must interpret the symbols as they understand them.'" (2) What the painting does do, though, regardless of how the symbols are interpreted, is to debunk the idea of warfare as heroic, showing the viewer, instead, its atrocities. By its use of imagery and symbolism it conveys the horrors of war in a way that strikes at the hearts of viewers without creating revulsion. It is a painting that is hard to look at, but also hard to turn away from.

In 1981, after being kept for safekeeping at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, the painting was returned to Spain in 1981. Picasso had stipulated that the painting could not return to Spain until the country became democratic. It is currently at the Reina Sofia Museum in Madrid, Spain.

1. Guernica:Testimony of War, http://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/a_nav/guernica_nav/main_guerfrm.html

2. Guernica:Testimony of War, http://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/a_nav/guernica_nav/main_guerfrm.html

Khan Academy, text by Lynn Robinson, Picasso, Guernica. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-1010/early-abstraction/cubism/a/picasso-guernica

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Why is Picasso's Guernica Painting So Famous?

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Pablo Picasso's painting, Guernica, has garnered global attention and acclaim ever since it was painted in 1937. What about Guernica has made it so famous? In January 1937 the Spanish Republican government commissioned Pablo Picasso to create a mural on the theme of "technology" for the Spanish Pavilion at the 1937 World's Fair in Paris.

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In Lisbon in Portugal on a beautiful summer's day, Pereira is meditating on death...

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1940-1945 Winston Churchill was a prime minister for UK during the World War Two.

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Animal Farm is a beast fable by George Orwell that published in 1945.

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The atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945 by United States during World War Two.

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1984 is a dystoian novel by George Orwell that first published in 1949.

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Rosa parks refused to give up her seat to a white man. Her courageous  act of protest was considered  the spark  that put an end to segregation 

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1956 Elvis released his debut album called “Elvis Presley”. His album was number one on the billboard top pop albums for ten weeks.

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James Bond in 1962, first film " Dr. NO"

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James Bond in 1962, first film " Dr. NO"

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The assassination of Kennedy started the whole movement about the civil rights.

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Assassination - 4 april 1968, Lorraine Motel, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

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Assassination - 4 april 1968, Lorraine Motel, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

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In 1969, the United States managed to lead the space race all the way to the moon.

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In 1969, the United States managed to lead the space race all the way to the moon.

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Shirley was the frist black women in the congress.

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1970 was the year the famous music band the Beatles officially disbanding.

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Nelson Mandela released after 27 years in prison.

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Nelson Mandela released after 27 years in prison.

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Historical Events in 1990 Feb 11 Nelson Mandela released after 27 years imprisonment in South Africa.

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The novel by Tabucchi was published

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China is building a digital dictatorship to exert control over its 1.4 billion citizens. For some, "social credit" will bring privileges - for others, punishment.

Dandan Fan is very much the modern Chinese woman.

A marketing professional, she's diligent and prosperous - in many ways she's a model Chinese citizen.

But Dandan is being watched 24 hours a day.

A vast network of 200 million CCTV cameras across China ensures there's no dark corner in which to hide.

Every step she takes, every one of her actions big or small - even what she thinks - can be tracked and judged.

And Dandan says that's fine with her.

What may sound like a dystopian vision of the future is already happening in China. And it's making and breaking lives.

The Communist Party calls it "social credit" and says it will be fully operational by 2020.

Within years, an official Party outline claims, it will "allow the trustworthy to roam freely under heaven while making it hard for the discredited to take a single step".

Social credit is like a personal scorecard for each of China's 1.4 billion citizens.

In one pilot program already in place, each citizen has been assigned a score out of 800. In other programs it's 900.

Those, like Dandan, with top "citizen scores" get VIP treatment at hotels and airports, cheap loans and a fast track to the best universities and jobs.

"It will allow the trustworthy to roam freely under heaven while making it hard for the discredited to take a single step."

Those at the bottom can be locked out of society and banned from travel, or barred from getting credit or government jobs.

The system will be enforced by the latest in high-tech surveillance systems as China pushes to become the world leader in artificial intelligence.

Surveillance cameras will be equipped with facial recognition, body scanning and geo-tracking to cast a constant gaze over every citizen.

Smartphone apps will also be used to collect data and monitor online behaviour on a day-to-day basis.

Then, big data from more traditional sources like government records, including educational and medical, state security assessments and financial records, will be fed into individual scores.

Trial social credit systems are now in various stages of development in at least a dozen cities across China.

Several companies are working with the state to nationalise the system, co-ordinate and configure the technology, and finalise the algorithms that will determine the national citizen score.

It's probably the largest social engineering project ever attempted, a way to control and coerce more than a billion people.

If successful, it will be the world's first digital dictatorship.

At the supermarket, Dandan is browsing the aisles. Even this everyday task will not escape the Party's penetrating gaze.

When social credit is fully implemented, what she puts into the trolley could impact her social score.

Buying too much alcohol might suggest dependence; she'll lose a couple of points.

But buying a pack of nappies might suggest responsibility; she'll gain a few points.

The system will be "live" so her score will update in real time.

Dandan doesn't object to the prospect of life under the state's all-seeing surveillance network.

The 36-year-old knows social credit is not a perfect system but believes it's the best way to manage a complex country with the world's biggest population.

"I think people in every country want a stable and safe society," she says.

"If, as our government says, every corner of public space is installed with cameras, I'll feel safe."

She's also likely to benefit from the system.

Dandan's financial behaviour will be an important measure for the national social credit score.

Under an existing financial credit scheme called Sesame Credit, Dandan has a very high score of 770 out of 800 - she is very much the loyal Chinese citizen.

Thanks to her rating, Dandan is already able to partake in many of the rewards of China's rapid development.

An app on her phone gives access to special privileges like renting a car, hotel room or a house without a deposit.

"If, as our government says, every corner of public space is installed with cameras, I'll feel safe."

But social credit will be affected by more than just internet browsing and shopping decisions.

Who your friends and family are will affect your score. If your best friend or your dad says something negative about the government, you'll lose points too.

Who you date and ultimately partner with will also affect social credit.

Dandan married for love but she chose the right husband - Xiaojing Zhang is likely to have an even higher score than her.

He's a civil servant in the justice department, a loyal cadre to the party.

"We need a social credit system," says Xiaojing.

"In the Chinese nation, we hope we can help each other, love each other, and help everyone become prosperous.

"As President Xi said, we will be rich and democratic, cultural, harmonious and beautiful.

"It is Xi's hope for the country's future. It is also the hope of the whole Chinese nation."

China has long been a surveillance state, so the citizenry is accustomed to the government taking a determining role in personal affairs.

For many in China, privacy doesn't have the same premium as it does in the West.

The Chinese place a higher value on community good versus individual rights, so most feel that, if social credit will bring a safer, more secure, more stable society, then bring it on.

But most don't seem to comprehend the all-encompassing control social credit is likely to have, and there's been no public debate about implementing the system inside China.

In private, there's been some disquiet in the educated middle classes about the citizen score being the only criterion for character assessment.

But that's not going to stop the rollout.

The Party is using the system to win back some of the control it lost when China opened up to the world in the 1980s and rapid development followed.

It's a way to silence dissent and ensure the Party's absolute dominance.

Already, about 10 million people have been punished in the trial areas of social credit.

Liu Hu is just one of them.

In many societies, he would be celebrated. Not in China.

Liu Hu is an investigative journalist who has uncovered corruption at the top levels of the Party and solved serial murder cases.

He says the government considers him an enemy.

Hu lost his social credit when he was charged with a speech crime and now finds himself locked out of society due to his low score.

In 2015, Hu lost a defamation case after he accused an official of extortion.

He was made to publish an apology and pay a fine but when the court demanded an additional fee, he refused.

Last year, the 43-year-old found himself blacklisted as "dishonest" under a pilot social credit scheme.

"There are a lot of people who are on the blacklist wrongly, but they can't get off it," says Hu.

It's destroyed his career and isolated him, and he now fears for his family's future.

The social credit system has closed down his travel options and kept him under effective house arrest in his hometown of Chongqing.

"Their eyes are blinded and their ears are blocked. They know little about the world and live in an illusion."

In an apartment above the streets of Chongqing city, Hu tries to use a phone app to book train tickets to Xi'an. The attempt is rejected.

"[The app] says it fails to make a booking and my access to high-speed rail is legally restricted," he explains.

Hu's social media accounts, where he published much of his investigative journalism, have also been shut down.

Hu claims his combined Wechat and Weibo accounts had two million followers at their peak but are now censored.

Hu believes his blacklisting is political and has tried to appeal to authorities. So far he has been met with silence.

Hu wants to warn the world of the nightmare of social credit.

Doing so could put his friends and family at risk of reprisals from the state, but Hu believes most Chinese don't yet understand what's to come under the digital totalitarian state.

"You can see from the Chinese people's mental state," says Hu.

"Their eyes are blinded and their ears are blocked. They know little about the world and live in an illusion."

Dandan sees blue skies in her digital future. And for her, there's another incentive to be optimistic about social credit.

It's a way to ensure a happy and healthy future for her two-year-old son, Ruibao.

Thanks to his parents' high citizen scores, Ruibao will get the best possible start in life - the best housing, schools and healthcare.
Watch Foreign Correspondent's 'Leave no dark corner' on YouTube.
The provisions and protections of the Party will be bestowed upon him.

Reporter: Matthew Carney

Video and photography: Brant Cumming

Digital producer: Matthew Henry

Producer: Alex Barry

Graphics: Andres Gomez Isaza

So long as mum and dad keep their credit up.

Credits

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She's a model citizen, but she can't hide in China's 'social credit' system

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China is building a digital dictatorship to exert control over its 1.4 billion citizens. For some, "social credit" will bring privileges - for others, punishment. Dandan Fan is very much the modern Chinese woman. A marketing professional, she's diligent and prosperous - in many ways she's a model Chinese citizen.