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Description: A piece of stone - like debris which travels in outer space. They are no bigger than a pebble, and come from the asteroid belt. If it enters the Earth’s atmosphere, it will begin to heat up and start to glow. Then it becomes a…

Meteor: A meteor looks like a falling star. In space meteors start to glow and heat up. Most of the original object burns up before it strikes the Earth.

Meteorite: Any left over part of a meteor that DOES hit the Earth. It makes a crater in the ground when it hits.

Interesting Facts: There is a meteor the size of Texas that is supposed to come close to Earth and maybe even come to contact with Earth.

Famous crashing: Vredefort crater; 2 billion years ago

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Description: A disc in the Solar System, with gas, asteroids, and dust

Location in the Solar System: Roughly between Mars and Jupiter

Interesting Facts: In the asteroid belt, there are billions and billions of asteroids

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Size: 72,000 mi - nine times the size of Earth

Distance from Sun: About 900 million mi

Moons: 62 moons

Identifying Feature: Saturn’s rings

Length of Year: About 29 Earth years

Length of Day: About 10.7 Earth hours

Explorations or Missions: 5 missions

Interesting facts: Saturn has 7 rings

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Distance away from sun: 142 million mi

Moons: 2: Phobos, Deimos

Size: 4,220 mi

Identifying Feature: the red dust that covers most of its surface

Length of Year: 687 Earth Days

Length of Day: 24 hours 37 minutes

Explorations or Missions: 46 missions

Interesting Facts: If you weighed 100 pounds on Earth, you would weigh 38 pounds on Mars

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Size of the sun - 864,000 mi

Sunspots - small dark spots that are cooler spots of the sun

Prominences - reddish loops that link multiple sunspots

Solar Flares - when the loops in sunspot regions suddenly connect, releasing large amounts of energy. The energy heats gas on the sun, causing the hydrogen gas to explode out into space.

Nuclear Fusion - When hydrogen atoms join together to form helium.

Interesting Facts - The sun is a star.

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Size: about 31,500 mi

Distance from Sun: 1.787 billion mi

Moons: 27 moons

Identifying Feature: The blue tint on the outer surface, caused by methane

Length of Year:  About 84 Earth years

Length of day:About 17 Earth hours

Explorations or Missions: 1 mission - Voyager 2

Interesting Facts: Uranus has 13 faint rings

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Size of the Moon - 1,079 mi radius

Distance from Earth - About 239,000 miles
Phases
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new moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, last quarter, waning crescent, new moon
How long it takes to go around Earth
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How / why does it affect tides -
Explorations or missions -
Interesting Facts -

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Distance away from sun: 92,900,000 million mi

Size: about 4,000 mi radius (3,959 mi)

There’s one moon called the moon

Identifying feature: the planet is 70% water

Length of year: 365 earth days

Length of day; 24 hours

There’s no recent explorations

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Famous comets: Comet Halley, Swift-Tuttle,  Comet Hyakutake, Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9

Description: Comets are dusty snowballs which orbit the Sun. They are made of ices, such as water, carbon dioxide, ammonia and methane, mixed with dust. These materials came from the time when the Solar System was formed. Comets have an icy center surrounded by a large cloud of gas and dust.

Interesting fact: Many comets formed in the Oort Cloud and Kuiper Belts, two of the outermost regions of the solar system.

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Distance from sun: 2.8 billion miles

Size: 2.795 billion mi

Moons: 14 moons

Identifying Feature: Almost all of Neptune is a sky blue color due to sun reflecting from the red light

Length of Year: 165 Earth years

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Length of Day: 16 Earth hours

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Explorations or Missions: 1 mission - voyager 2

Interesting Facts: Neptune has 6 rings

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Size - 1,516 mi radius.

Distance From Sun - About 36 million miles

Moons - no moons

Identifying Feature - Looks a lot like Earth’s moon, scarred by collisions with meteoroids

Length of year - About 88 Earth Days

Length of Day - About 59 Earth Days

Explorations or missions - There have been two missions: Messenger (first spacecraft to orbit Mercury) and Mariner 10 (first spacecraft to visit mercury)

Interesting Facts -

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Distance from Sun:  67.24 million mi

Size: 3,760 miles radius

Moons: none

Identifying Feature: Has a reddish clay color

Day Length: 243 earth days

Year length: 225 earth days

Missions: There has been 41 missions to Venus

Interesting Facts: Venus rotates the opposite direction from all of the other planets,

96% carbon dioxide

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Size: 43,441 mi

Distance from Sun: 483.8 million mi

Moons: 50 moons
Identifying feature: It’s big red spot

Length of Year: Approximately 12 Earth years

Length of Day: Approximately 10 Earth hours

Explorations or Missions: 9 missions

Interesting Facts: Jupiter has 3 faint rings