# data[].attributes.body
-Pharmacology Text Book
-Unit 2 lectures
-Unit 2 PowerPoints

# data[].attributes.body
-ACH
-released by: preganglionic neuron at the ganglia

-released by: postganglionic neuron

# data[].attributes.body
-muscarinic receptor
-location: smooth muscle, heart, glands, parasympathetic postganglionic nerve
-when stimulated:
-decreases heart rate
-increases digestion, GI secretions, and urination
-bronchoconstriction
-pupil constriction

-nicotinic 1 receptor (Nn)
-location: at ganglia of parasympathetic nerves and sympathetic nerves
-when stimulated:

-nicotinic 2 receptor (Nm)
-location: neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle, somatic
-when stimulated:
-muscles contract

# data[].attributes.body
-Direct Acting Cholinergic Agonists
-MOA: directly bind to muscarinic receptors in parasympathetic division and mimics ACH, can stimulate muscarinic receptors in bladder and GI to stop constipation and urinary retention, causes pupil constriction and decreases intraocular pressure
-drug examples:
-acetylcholine
-pilocarpine (Pilocar®)
-bethanechol (Urecholine®)

-Indirect Acting Cholinergic Agonists
-MOA: inhibit enzyme that breaks down ACH (acetylcholinesterase), leading to more ACH in the system
-drug examples:
-neostigmine (Prostigmin®)

-Anticholinergics
-MOA: blinds to cholinergic receptor and participates in competitive antagonism
-drug examples:
-atropine
-dicyclomine (Bentyl®)
-ipratropium bromide (Atrovent®)

# data[].attributes.body
-ACH
-released by: preganglionic neuron at the ganglia

-DA -> NE
-released by: postgagnlionic neuron

-EPI
-released by: adrenal medulla, acts on target cells

# data[].attributes.body
-alpha 1 receptor
-location: smooth muscle, glands, eyes, most arteries, most veins
-when stimulated:
-smooth muscle contraction and vasoconstriction increases blood pressure
-mydriasis (pupil dilation)

-alpha 2 receptor
-location: in ganglia
-when stimulated:
-negative feedback loop
-regulates release of NE
-decreases contraction of smooth muscle that lowers blood pressure

-beta 1 receptor
-location: on the heart
-when stimulated:
- + inotropic
- + chronotropic
- + dromotropic

-beta 2 receptor
-location: smooth muscle, uterus, lungs, coronary arteries, skeletal muscle arteries
-when stimulated:
-smooth muscle relaxation
-bronchodilation
-uterine relaxation
-vasodilation

# data[].attributes.body
-Alpha 1 Adrenergic Agonists
-MOA: alpha-1 receptors are stimulated and contraction of smooth muscle and blood vessels (including nasal passages) occur that leads to increased BP, increased vasoconstriction, and decongests
-drug examples:
-ephedrine
-phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine®)

-Adrenergic Agonists
-MOA: alpha-1 receptors are stimulated to increase blood pressure through vasoconstriction and vasoconstriction, beta-1 receptors are stimulated in the heart to increase heart rate, beta-2 receptors are stimulated in the lungs to increase bronchodilation to allow more oxygen in lungs
-drug examples:
-epinephrine (Adrenalin®)

-Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blocking Drugs
-MOA: alpha-1 receptors are inhibited to relax smooth muscle and cause vasodilation of blood vessels which decreases blood pressure and increases urine flow, along with relaxation of the uterus.
-drug examples:
-prazosin (Minipress®)
-doxazosin (Cardura®)
-terazosin (Hytrin®)

-Beta-1 Adrenergic Agonists
-MOA:
-low dose: stimulates beta-1 receptors that stimulates d-1 receptor in the kidneys causing vasodilation
-moderate dose: stimulates beta-1 receptors in the heart for increased cardiac output, and blood flow to body
-high dose: stimulates alpha-1 receptors causing vasoconstriction and increasing blood pressure
-drug examples:
-dobutamine

-Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonists
-MOA: stimulates beta-2 receptors and causes relaxation of the smooth muscle of the uterus and lungs that increases bronchodilation
-drug examples:
-albuterol (Proventil®, Ventolin®)
-salmeterol (Serevent®)
-formoterol (Foradil®)

-Selective Beta-1 Adrenergic Blocking Drugs
-MOA: beta-1 receptors are inhibited and there is a decrease of NE and EPI in the system, that leads to decrease in cardiac output that decreases blood pressure, and a decrease in conduction, heart rate, and contraction
-drug examples:
-atenolol (Tenormin®)
-metoprolol (Lopressor®)

-Non Selective Beta Adrenergic Blocking Drugs
-MOA: beta-1 and beta-2 receptors are inhibited and decreases heart rate, contraction, heart rate, and conduction. There is also a decrease in cardiac output that decreases blood pressure. These drugs can cause bronchoconstriction
-drug examples:
-propanolol (Inderal®)
-timolol (Blocadren®)
-nadolol (Cougars®)

# data[].attributes.body
-alternative name: cholinergic

# data[].attributes.body
-alternate name: adrenergic