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Reported speech is said by you or another person in the past told later to another person

there are 2 types of reported speech

*direct speech - James says " I have lost my lunch box"

*indirect speech -  James says " that he has lost his lunch box"                  !
____________________________ !
an introductory word "says"  !

* common changes

*verb form
* base form

*past form

*present participle

*past participle

* Pronouns

*I , We , You , They , He ,She ,it

Words are changing as follows
can - could
will - would
may - might
this - that
here - there

*Change of time.
( Today - That day )
( Tomorrow - The next day )
( Yesterday - The day before )

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Reported speech Rules

* changing of pronouns
>I - he
> My - his
> Me - him
> You - I / We
> Your- my / our
*Changing of tense
>simple present - simple past
> present continuous - past  continuous
> present prefect-   past prefect

> can - could
> may - might
> here - there
> now - then
> today - that day
> yesterday-  previous day
> next week- following week

* Am  , is , are changed to was , were
* Was , were , has ,been, have , changed to had been
*simple present -  simple past
> "I never eat meat " he said - He never ate meat he said
* present perfect - past prefect
> He said  " I have been waiting for years "- he said that he had waiting for years

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REPORTED SPEECH
Things we learnt in reported speech.
RULES
(these-those)
CHANGE OF PRONOUNS
I-he/she(ex:-he said," I am afraid.")
ADDING 'BE' VERBS
Ex:-The girls said," we were afraid.
Ans. The girls said that they had been afraid.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Ex:-Teacher said," I teach to the students."
Ans. Teacher said that she taught to the students.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Ex;-Mother said,' I cooked many foods."
Ans. Mother said that she had cooked many foods.
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Ex:-He said," I will read books.'
Ans. He said that he would read books.

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reported speech

common changes

Base form - eat
past form - ate
present participle - eating
past participle - eaten

Eg : Mother, ''said Lahiru dances well''.
Mother said that lair danced well.

Expression of time

Today - that day
yesterday - day before yesterday
That day before yesterday - two day before
last year - previous year
Tomorrow - next day

This and Those

Eg : He said , ''I bought this yesterday ''.
He said he had brought it the day before

Here can become There

Eg :He said ,''I will be here again''.
He said the would he there again

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\\__Reported Speech.__//

Things that we learnt in reported speech, ▼

-> Rules. ( Ex. These - Those )

-> Change of pronouns. ( Ex. My - His/her )

-> Change of Tenses.
"Present - Past"
( Ex. He said, "I am Kavithma."
Ans. He said that he was Kavithma. )

-> Adding 'Be' verbs.
( Present - Past - Past Participle )
Am, is, are - was, were - "been"

-> Change of time.
( Today - That day )
( Tomorrow - The next day )
( Yesterday - The day before )

-> Extra changes.
[ Can - Could ]
[ Have to - Had to ]
[ May - Might ]
[ Will - Would ]

& etc...

=>> And at the end, teacher taught us well. Very understandable and we winded up the session. These ^ are the things/ facts that we discussed the last days.

(ﾉ◕ヮ◕)ﾉ*:･ﾟ✧
100%

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Reported Speech
Direct - Indirect
* Something Said By You Or Another Person     In The Past Is Told Later To Another
Person
Simple Present - Simple Past
Simple Past - Past Perfect
- Changing Of The Tenses
1.Present Tense Change In To Past Perfect
Tense
Ex :- 1. He Will Say. "I Like It"
* He Has Said That He Likes It
2. She Has Said. "They Will Win"
* She Has Said That They Will Win
More Changes :)
( May - Might )
( Will - Would )
& Etc

- Adding Be Verbs -
Am,Is,Are,

BTW Teacher Explain Very Well
:)😎⭕

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_ Chamathka Manavi _
* Reported speech
Is something said by another person, in the past told later to another person is known as " Reported speech"
Rules ...,
01. ' HERE' CAN BEACOMES THERE'
Ex :- He said , " I will be here again "
He said that , would be there
again
02. 'THIS' CAN BECOMES 'THOSE'
Ex :- he said , "I brought this book"
He said that , he had brought
the book .
* Presant tense change into past tense .
........

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Reported speech
-Rules
eg;-This change in to that
............

-Pronouns changing
eg;-

Changing of the tenses
1.Present tense change into past tense.
eg; She said that ,"I make a cake"
She said that she made a cake.

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Rules

This changes to that
Ex: My mother said, " she has to prepare food for dinner."
My mother said that she had to prepare food for dinner.

Changes in tenses
Simple present tense to simple past tense.
Ex: She said, " I make cup cakes for tea."
She said that she made cup cakes for tea.

Simple past tense to past perfect tense
(had + past participle)
Ex: Nihal said, " I made a kite two weeks ago."
Nihal said that he had made a kite two weeks earlier.

Present perfect tense to past perfect tense.
Ex : She said, " I have learnt a lot yesterday."
She said that she had learnt a lot yesterday.

Using modal verbs
Ex: Mother said, "Amali, do your homework."
Mother said Amali to do her homework.

Changes in pronouns.
Ex: He said, "our bikes are in the garage."
He said that their bikes are in the garage.

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Expression of time changing
such as : today - that day
yesterday - the day before
tomorrow - the next day

Tenses change as follows
*simple present tense - simple past tense
*simple past tense - past perfect tense
*past perfect tense - past perfect tense

Words are changing as follows
can - could
will - would
may - might
this - that
here - there

Verbs are changing according to the sentences in present tense - past tense
play - played

Verbs are changing according to sentence in past tense  - past participle
ate - eaten

Pronoun are changing
1) Dasun said , " I am the captain for Indian up coming series.
* Dasun said that he was the captain for Indian up coming series .

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___Reported speech___
Rules:
1 Simple present tense change to simple past tense
2 Simple past tense,present perfect tense,past perfect tense changes to past perfect tense
3 am,is,are changes to was,were
4 was,were,has been,have been,had been changes to had been
5 can changes to could
6 may changes to might
7 will changes to would
8 here changes to there
9 this changes to that
10 these changes to those
11 now changes to then
12 today changes to that day
13 yesterday changes to the day before/the previous day
14 tomorrow changes to the next day/the following day
15 last week changes to the previous week
16 next week changes to the following week
___Pronouns changes___
1 I changes to he/she
2 my changes to his/her
3 me changes to him/her
4 you changes to I/we
5 your changes to my/our
6 you(object) changes to me/us
7 we changes to they
8 our changes to their
9 us changes to them
__ Present tense-past tense-past participle__
am,is,are          was,were   been
Present to past
1 He said,"I am sad".
He said that he was sad.
Past to past perfect
1 She said,"She was happy."
She said that she had been happy.