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an animal that feeds on flesh.

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An omnivore is an animal that has the ability to eat and survive on both plant and animal matter.

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A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material

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Quaternary consumers are often top predators within the environment, and they eat the tertiary consumers

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Tertiary consumers are carnivores that eat other carnivores

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Secondary consumers are largely comprised of carnivores that feed on the primary consumers or herbivores

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The amount of energy at each trophic level decreases as it moves through an ecosystem. As little as 10 percent of the energy at any trophic level is transferred to the next level;

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A food chain is a linear network of links in a food web starting from producer organisms and ending at an apex predator species

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A food web is the natural interconnection of food chains and a graphical representation of what-eats-what in an ecological community

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the synthesis of organic compounds by bacteria or other living organisms using energy derived from reactions involving inorganic chemicals, typically in the absence of sunlight.

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the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.

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Prey is a term used to describe organisms that predators kill for food.

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A predator is an organism that consumes all or part of the body of another—living or recently killed—organism

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Mutualism describes the ecological interaction between two or more species where each species has a net benefit

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the practice of living as a parasite in or on another organism.

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an association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm.

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an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.

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an animal which feeds on dead organic material, especially plant detritus.

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A heterotroph is an organism that cannot produce its own food, instead taking nutrition from other sources of organic carbon, mainly plant or animal matter. In the food chain, heterotrophs are primary, secondary and tertiary consumers,

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An autotroph is an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals. Because autotrophs produce their own food, they are sometimes called producers.

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interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both.

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A limiting factor is anything that constrains a population's size and slows or stops it from growing.

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match of a species to a specific environmental condition. It describes how an organism or population responds to the distribution of resources and competitors and how it in turn alters those same factors.

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place or the location where an organism (or a biological population) lives, resides or exists.

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The biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms (biota) and the abiotic (nonliving) factors from which they derive energy and nutrients

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a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

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In ecology, a community is a group or association of populations of two or more different species occupying the same geographical area at the same time,

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group of individuals of the same species living and interbreeding within a given area.

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an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.

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relating to or resulting from living things,

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devoid of life

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Population density is a measurement of population per unit area,

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the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

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the number of people, other living organisms, or crops that a region can support without environmental degradation.

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a population's per capita growth rate gets smaller and smaller as population size approaches a maximum imposed by limited resources in the environment, known as the carrying capacity

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Exponential growth is a process that increases quantity over time

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energy is passed in an ecosystem from one trophic level to the next, only ten percent of the energy will be passed on