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Japan invades Manchuria

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Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan sign the Anti-Comintern Pact, directed against the Soviet Union and the international Communist movement.

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Japan invades China, initiating World War II in the Pacific.

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Germany, Italy, and Japan sign the Tripartite.

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Nazi Germany and its Axis partners (except Bulgaria) invade the Soviet Union. Finland, seeking redress for the territorial losses in the armistice concluding the Winter War, joins the Axis just before the invasion. The Germans quickly overrun the Baltic States and, joined by the Finns, lay siege to Leningrad (St. Petersburg) by September. In the center, the Germans capture Smolensk in early August and drive on Moscow by October. In the south, German and Romanian troops capture Kiev (Kyiv) in September and capture Rostov on the Don River in November.

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Japan bombs Pearl Harbor.

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The United States declares war on Japan, entering World War II. Japanese troops land in the Philippines, French Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia), and British Singapore. By April 1942, the Philippines, Indochina, and Singapore are under Japanese occupation.

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Nazi Germany and its Axis partners declare war on the United States.

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British and US navies halt the Japanese naval advance in the central Pacific at Midway

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US troops halt the Japanese island-hopping advance towards Australia at Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands.

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Axis forces in Tunisia surrender to the Allies, ending the North African campaign.

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Hitler commits suicide.

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Allied troops conquer Okinawa, the last island stop before the Japanese islands

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The United States drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima

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The Soviet Union declares war on Japan and invades Manchuria

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The United States drops an atomic bomb on Nagasaki.

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Having agreed in principle to unconditional surrender on August 14, 1945, Japan formally surrenders, ending World War II