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- Realism in literature is a style of writing that captures everyday life, typically in the lower and middle classes of society.

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What goes on in Realistic pieces of literature?

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What goes on in Realistic pieces of literature?

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-Realism portrayed real life like the reality in the hardships of marriage such as, bored housewives, mistresses, and working husbands. -Realist writers also wrote about the scandals in government, prostitution, poor teenagers, and failed romances.
-Characters will often have emotional, moral, or psychological qualities that are often relatable.
-Writers also pay close attention to detail that often sets a scene or setting with imagery, similes, and metaphors.
-The themes that most realistic authors incorporate within their works are the ideas of virtue, ethics, and the reality of life. Not everything is perfect and there are not always happy endings in life.

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As realism grew more popular, this style of writing went against romanticism and developed an interest in scientific method. Before this era, faith played a large role in literature, and realism stepped away from religion, becoming more scientifically based.

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Mark Twain:

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Adventures of Tom Sawyer

Henry James:

The Turn of the Screw

The Golden Bowl

Charles Dickens:

A Tale of Two Cities

Great Expectations

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-Naturalism in literature is a style of writing where authors write with a deterministic view of human life.
-Researchers have suggested that Naturalism was Realism adopting a deterministic philosophy that targeted the lower classes of society.

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This literary movement began as a response to the big scientific discoveries about the creation of the world. Charles Darwin's discoveries sparked these Naturalist ideas.

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What goes on in Naturalist pieces of literature?

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What goes on in Naturalist pieces of literature?

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-Naturalism touches upon the ideas of determinism and pessimism; Naturalists believed they could find an answer to everything through physical evidence.
-Naturalist fiction does not always end happily.
-These writers show an interest in understanding how the social environment impacts the development of people's character and lifestyle.

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Edith Wharton

The Age of Innocence

Ethan Frome

Frank Norris

McTeague

The Pit

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-Modernism is a style of writing that is characterized by the split from traditional ways of writing especially with religion and society.

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-Modern literature was a predominantly English genre of fiction where it came into its own due to increasing industrialization and globalization.
-Literary Modernism emerged due to the changes in political, cultural, and artistic trends before, during, and after the war.
-New technology and horrifying events brought by the World Wars confused and worried many people. -The romantic period and the focus of nature disappeared.

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-Modernist writers wrote about the decline of civilization, increased capitalism, loneliness
- Modernist fiction spoke of the individuality of one’s self and is written in first person
- Characters are portrayed with flaws and a broken childhood; however, they often have unique talents or minds that set them apart from others.

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Ernest Hemingway

A Farewell to Arms

The Sun Also Rises

John Steinbeck

East of Eden

The Grapes of Wrath

Of Mice and Men

Virginia Woolf

Mrs. Dalloway

To the Lighthouse

T.S. Elliot

James Joyce

Ezra Pound

Wallace Stevens

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-Post Modernism refers to the characteristics of intellect and philosophical ideas or works.
-This era is known for its rebellious approach of writing and willingness to take risks in literature.

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How did the Post Modernism movement develop?

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How did the Post Modernism movement develop?

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- Post Modernism developed after the World Wars where authors and readers saw the loss of optimism and pride within this western society.
-Post Modernism developed from the denied, abandoned, and rejected philosophies including cultural movements after the 1950s.

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What did post modernism authors write about?

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What did post modernism authors write about?

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-Postmodernists believe that the West’s claims of freedom and prosperity are nothing more than the empty promises and expectations for humanity that have not been met
-Postmodernists believe that truth is relative and up to each individual to determine on their own.
-These writers are typically atheistic or agnostic and challenge the core religious and capitalistic values of the modern world.
-Postmodernist writers will write with a more playful, malicious vibe and satirical humor.

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Kurt Vonnegut

Slaughterhouse-Five

Cat’s Cradle

Vladimir Nabokov

Pale Fire

Speak, Memory

Samuel Beckett

Molloy

The Unnamable

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-Contemporary literature not only describes the quality of the writing but categorizes poetry and fictional works of literature through essays, novels, novellas, and dramatic works.

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How did the Contemporary period develop?

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How did the Contemporary period develop?

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Once the U.S. entered the 90s, most Americans were hopeful for the future. The fall of Communism and the end of the Cold War Era gave back hope and optimism to the Americans. New technologies such as TVs, cellphones, and DVDs were being introduced.

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What does Contemporary literature look like?

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What does Contemporary literature look like?

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-Contemporary literature can come in the form of short stories, essays, novels, novellas, plays, and even memoires.
-These works are typically reality-based and believable where authors will portray the unfortunate harshness of reality and fallbacks in the world.
-Contemporary pieces usually take place in a modern setting and characters are realistic and more drive than the plot.
-Because Contemporary literature grew popular in a era full of technological advancements, Contemporary authors have the opportunity to turn their novels into movies and made into a reality.

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John Green

The Fault In Our Stars

Looking For Alaska

Suzanne Collins

The Hunger Games

Veronica Roth

Divergent