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1922: The most important Year in Modernist Literature. 

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1922: The most important Year in Modernist Literature. 

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But while Jackson's twelve-month structure (chapters are divided by month, and each event is listed under its date) threatens to move the genre's gimmick into schtick, the book takes on the feel of a literary diary, resulting in an engaging work that dares to associate "Modernist literature" with "romp." It's sort of a less sensational and more accurate Hollywood Babylon for the literati. In this case, the biography-of-a-year structure works well, giving focus to what could be a scattered undertaking. In this case, the tangents and asides are the argument.

With the publication of Ulysses, at least according to Pound, 1922 was the beginning of a new age: "The Christian Era ended at midnight on Oct. 29-30 of last year. You are now in the year 1 p.s.U. [post scriptum Ulysses]," he wrote to H. L. Mencken. Jackson balances the formal fates of Ulysses and The Waste Land with the musings of contemporaries in letters and notebooks. Woolf detested Joyce's work-"the poor young man has only got the dregs of a mind compared even with George Meredith"-but was fond of Eliot, while Hemingway called Ulysses a "most goddamn wonderful book."

Woolf detested Joyce's work-"the poor young man has only got the dregs of a mind."

But Jackson doesn't confine himself to critical reactions, bringing in plenty of historical detail to flesh out the people behind the masterpieces. Young writers, take heart: The two literary greats spend plenty of time moping, drinking, complaining, being alternately wounded and delighted by reviews, and in the case of Eliot, turning down what he considered inadequate payment. (He declined $150 to publish his poem in the Transcendentalist journal The Dial.) Eliot also contemplated giving up literature altogether; miserable as he was toiling in a British bank, writing pained him dearly as well. Joyce, who should have been in high spirits considering the attention-good and bad-showered on his revolutionary book, was still drinking heavily and dragging his large family around Europe.

Jackson draws from well-known sources but is adept at juxtapositions that breathe fresh life into their intertwined stories. The book delights in recounting the legendary alliances and feuds flying around this small circle of writers: Virginia Woolf was jealous of Katherine Mansfield; Katherine Mansfield was in thrall with the mystic George Ivanovich Gurdjieff. Pound was (supportively) jealous of Eliot ("Complimenti, you bitch," he famously wrote the poet). Plumbing the networks between these Modernists also gives rise to incidental but entertaining asides. Of being forced to submit to a rectal exam, Rudyard Kipling joked, "If this is what Oscar Wilde went to prison for, he ought to have got the Victoria Cross." Then there's the single meeting between Joyce and Marcel Proust (who died later that year), which by all accounts reduced the two greatest novelists of their time to monosyllabic chitchat.

But the book wisely enriches these vignettes with political and cultural context that stretches the limitations of its one-year parameter just enough, using minor events to hint at what lies ahead. For example, while a 1922 October riot by the isn't a well-known event, it is used here, along with other early Nazi activities, to foreshadow the continent's looming totalitarian threat. Such moments only occasionally feel like contortions; their future implications remain, well, implied, rather than excessively asserted. In one short passage, he notes that French Prime Minister Raymond Poincare banned the use of English words in official documents after reading a magazine article critical of "Franglais" penned by an immigrant from Asia who wrote under the pen name Nguyen Ai Quoc (Nguyen the Patriot), better known later in life as Ho Chi Minh. While discussing "possibly the single most important day in the history of jazz," Jackson provides a touching biographical sketch of Armstrong's early years in a footnote. (Footnotes, generally, are not to be missed; his digression on the affair between Coco Chanel and Igor Stravinsky is as delicious as anything given center stage).

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The Year 1922 Was a Lot More Exciting Than You Think

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In July of 1922, British artist and author Wyndham Lewis dropped in on Ezra Pound at his studio in Paris and found him boxing with a "splendidly built young man, stripped to the waist, and with a torso of dazzling white."

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It was from the late 19th to the early 20th Century 

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It was from the late 19th to the early 20th Century 

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For some, problems in the pursuit of modernism were already apparent early in the 20th century. The senseless, mechanized slaughter of the First World War showed that modernism's faith in scientific and technological progress as the path to a better world was tragically misguided.

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modernism in the great depression timeline.

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modernism in the great depression, a timeline made with Timetoast's free interactive timeline making software.

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W. H. Auden was an Anglo-American poet, who's poems focused on politics, morals, love, and religion.

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W. H. Auden was an Anglo-American poet, who's poems focused on politics, morals, love, and religion.

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Broch was able to contribute to the modernist movement by writing many novels such as "The Sleep walkers", "The Death of Virgil", and "The Spell". This was an important part of the Modernism movement because many of his books described societies breaking down and building back up again in a new way.

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This painting portrays the loneliness and isolation in modern urban life

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The Great Depression was a tragic time in U.S. history where many people lost their jobs, and the economy was at an all time low because the stock market crashed. The Great Depression had its "own unique sound and image" because of its effects on modernist art.
https://carleycrow.wordpress.com/2016/10/31/the-impact-of-the-great-depression-on-early-modernism/

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He was one of the most well-known Russian artist. He was both infatuated with art theories and painting. He founded one of the most relativant art movement in Germany, Der Blaue Reiter. He believed he could hear or see the colors a certain way and would pain them as so. A couple of his most famous paintings are ht e Blue Rider, Black Frame, and Several Circles. He was one of the first.

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Martin Luther King leads the March on Washington in 1963. Around 250,000 people came to stand up against Political and Social Injustices African Americans still face.

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was a

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World War 1 was a very important era is our history, this war impacted U.S. culture, domestic politics, art and overall society. Men were being drafted into war, millions of men were killed from both sides leaving the woman to fill their shoes in factories, art changed and was about influencing public opinion or showing the dark sides of war. The first World War changed America forever.

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It is 100 years since the end of one of the most significant wars in modern history - World War One.

It became known as the Great War because it affected people all over the world and was the biggest war anyone had ever known.

It even came to be known as 'the war to end all wars', as no conflict before World War One had caused destruction on this scale before. People wanted to believe that nobody would ever want to go to war again after it. (Sadly, we know it was not to be the last devastating war that the world would experience).

Millions of people - both soldiers and ordinary citizens - lost their lives. Of those who did come home from the war, many were injured physically or struggled mentally as a result of what they had experienced.

On 11 November 1918, the guns fell silent and the war came to an end, but its impact was felt for many, many years after.

World War One changed the world in ways that nobody could have imagined. Here, we take a look at how.

One of the most significant impacts of World War One was huge advances in technology, which would transform the way that people all around the world travelled and communicated, in particular, in the years after the conflict.

New weapons and technologies were developed and used that led to more destruction than any war had seen in the past.

In 1914, planes were still a very new invention. The first one had only taken to the skies just 11 years before!

They were rare and fragile, but when war broke out, scientists and engineers worked hard to develop planes that were stronger, quicker and capable of being used in battle.

The first bombs were dropped from the air (by hand at first by the pilot!) and planes were used to spy on enemy territory. It is estimated that it would take a plane just four hours to gather the same amount of information as a patrol on foot could get in 24 hours.

France only had 140 aircraft when war began, but by the end of it, it had used around 4,500.

It wasn't just the war in the air that saw huge advances in technology, though. Special technology to detect German submarines called U-boats was invented to protect the British Navy - at the time, the largest navy in the world.

Meanwhile on the land, poisonous gas was being used as a weapon, so gas masks were created to protect soldiers.

Special technology called sound ranging that enabled soldiers to pinpoint where the enemy was from the sound of their gunfire also proved extremely important.

Finally, tanks were also used for the first time, which could drive across muddy battlefields and fire lethal weapons. Britain used tanks in battle for the first time on 15 September 1916 and, in total, produced around 2,600 of them throughout the war.

It wasn't just weaponry that advanced, though. New methods of photography, sound recording and ways to communicate were developed during the war, which had a long-lasting impact.

Knowing more about these new technologies and ways of fighting would prove vital for future military tactics and in preparations for World War Two.

Wounds inflicted on soldiers were like nothing medical professionals had had to deal with before - not least in terms of the numbers of people injured.

So the war meant that medicine had to catch up to be able to deal with these problems.

Donating and giving blood started during World War One, when a US army doctor called Captain Oswald Robertson realised that blood needed to be stockpiled so it was there ready and waiting when casualties arrived.

He set up the first blood bank on the Western Front in 1917, using sodium citrate to stop the blood from clotting and becoming unusable.

A special rod called a Thomas splint, which was used on soldiers who had broken their leg, was also developed. At the start of the war, four in every five soldiers with a broken femur died. By 1916, four out of five survived.

During World War One, medical professionals and army generals learned many important lessons about administering medical aid during warfare.

War is incredibly expensive - and this war was no different. Just one day's worth of bullets cost £3.8 million in September 1918.

Before the war, Britain was in fact the world's economic superpower, with significant levels of wealth and resources.

But war took its toll and the effect of how much it cost was felt for many years to come. It left much of Europe in severe economic hardship.

Germany, especially, had to pay an enormous bill of £6,600 million for the damage caused, as well as provide other compensation.

Up until the war, women were perceived in a certain way in society. Their role was traditionally to stay in the home.

Issues like politics and war were very much seen as things for men to deal with.

In the UK, laws were being changed to improve women's standing in society. For example, they had more rights when it came to their houses and their children, but there was still a long way to go before men and women would be treated more equally.

When war broke out and the men went off to fight, it was women who took on their jobs and kept things running back in Britain. Across the country, by late 1918, nine in every ten workers in the munitions industry were female - jobs which traditionally would have been done by men. Women also worked as conductors on trams and buses, as typists and secretaries, and on farms.

The war also changed how many women looked. Trousers appeared for the first time, corsets became increasingly less popular and short, bobbed hair came into fashion.

Women still weren't allowed to do all jobs that men did, though, and there was still inequality in terms of wages and the skills they were allowed to learn.

Many women also had to return to a more domestic life when the men came home as a result of a law called 1919 Restoration of Pre-War Practices Act. It wasn't until the Second World War in 1939 that many women returned to these industrial jobs.

But in February 1918, some women won the right to vote for the first time. Then the Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act of 1919 made it illegal to exclude women from jobs because of their gender.

The contribution made during the war by women was seen an important reason for laws changing, and progress being made in terms of better equality and opportunities for them.

As can often be the case following conflict between countries, World War One resulted in the political map of Europe being reshaped. Countries' borders moved and there was arguing over who would rule where.

Under the Treaty of Versailles which was drawn up after the war to essentially decide what would happen next, Germany lost about a tenth of its lands. Further treaties saw Bulgaria, Austria and Hungary all lose territory too.

World War One spelled the end of the Ottoman Turkish empire and also contributed to the Russian revolution, which marked the beginning of a new politics system in action - communism.

Even today, countries disagree over who should be in charge of certain areas, but World War One certainly had a big impact on how Europe's political map was drawn.

Contribution to World War Two

It is not accurate to say that World War One was a cause of World War Two, but it is accepted that the punishments put on Germany a result of the Treaty of Versailles after World War One contributed to the causes of it.

In 1919, this treaty imposed harsh terms on Germany forcing them to accept the blame for the war and pay huge sums for the damages of the war, as outlined above.

Germany was shocked by how strict the treaty was. It was humiliating and many people wanted revenge.

At a time when the country was politically unstable and extremely poor, it was the perfect climate for Adolf Hitler (who led the Germans in World War Two) to rise to power by telling the German people what they wanted to hear and making big promises to them.

World War Two began in 1939 and lasted until 1945.

If you cannot see the interactive activity on this page, click here.

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How did WW1 change the world? - CBBC Newsround

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It is 100 years since the end of one of the most significant wars in modern history - World War One. It became known as the Great War because it affected people all over the world and was the biggest war anyone had ever known.

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What influence does political science have on our society ? 

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What influence does political science have on our society ? 

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Political scientists seek to understand the underlying ways in which power, authority, rules, constitutions, and laws affect our lives.

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anna akhmatova was one of the most shortlisted for the Nobel prize in 1965

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What impact do political parties have on our society ? 

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What impact do political parties have on our society ? 

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As the electorate expanded, the political parties evolved to mobilize the growing mass of voters as the means of political control. Political parties became institutionalized to accomplish this essential task. The number of independent or third-party members of Congress or of state legislatures is extremely low.

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Many people see Goya as the father of modernism because he was the first influence on modernism. For most of his career, he did black and white paintings and wasn't till later till he started making his famous paintings. He is also regarded as one of the latest old masters and one of t earliest modered artists.

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What is the importance of studying politics and governance ? 

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What is the importance of studying politics and governance ? 

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Politics and Governance have it's major focus a critical understanding of how important decisions are made at the international, national, provincial, and local levels.

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Was created as new ideals came up, as a middle ground between radical liberalism and communism. This leads to the rise of the Nazis in Germany, as well as Mussolini's dictator ship

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"The ‘Great War’ signaled the failure of all modernist art. It may be claimed that Dada marks the emergence of a post–modernist cast of mind."

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The Russian Revolution occurs during WWI. During it there is the fall of the tsar regime in Russia, which leads to the advent of communist society and lays the foundation for the Soviet Union.

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"Hitler, too, had wanted to create a new and better society, but his method of achieving it horrified the world. Whereas progressive modernism sought to improve the lot of all humankind, the Nazis, utilizing ideas derived from social Darwinism, employed eugenics (the science of improving human hereditary) with the aim of establishing a hierarchically superior and racially pure ‘master race’ (Herrenrasse)."