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(Sleeping Position of Africans on Slave Ship, 1857) #1

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(Sleeping Position of Africans on Slave Ship, 1857) #1

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The Illustrated London News (June 20, 1857), vol. 30 p. 595.

Related: Relates to Slave ships and the Atlantic Crossing

In this primary source we can see the sleeping positions of the African Americans who was captured and detained onto the slave ship. This picture relates to the slave ships and the Atlantic Crossing from a multitude of things.  From the picture we can not only tell that they are uncomfortable from the positions they are in. But we can also tell that they are uncomfortable from the fact that they are huddled up over each other. It just plainly shows you how slave masters didn't give one bit about how you felt, psychological  nor physically.

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Thomas Clarkson, The history of the Rise, Progress, and Abolition of the African Slave-Trade by the British parliament (London, 1808), vol. 1, between pp. 374-75. Special Collections Department, University of Virginia Library.

Identity: Relates to Slave ships and the Atlantic Crossing

In this primary source we can see the layout of the  handcuffs that was made to hold slaves in place. This picture relates to slave ships and the Atlantic Crossing from a multitude of things. From how this seems to be shown, I can tell that these specific cuffs was used to hold slaves in place during travel. To how I can also tell that they used these cuffs on slaves for specific torturing sessions thanks to them being unable to move. Back in that time, these things was used for various of bad deeds. It just shows you how they treated POC as criminals rather than human beings just like them.

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(Whipping of a Fugitive Slave, French West Indies, 1840s) #3

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(Whipping of a Fugitive Slave, French West Indies, 1840s) #3

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Painted by Marcel Verdier and published in Hugh Honour, The Image of the Black in Western Art (Menil Foundation, Harvard University Press, 1989), vol. 4, pt. 1, p. 153, fig. 91 (see also www.artstor.org). The original oil painting (approx. 59 x 84 inches) is held by the Menil Foundation, Houston, Texas."

Identity: Physical Punishment, Rebellion, Running Away

In this primary source, we can see one of the many ways slaves was defiled and treated back during slavery times for certain acts of escape. This picture relates to physical punishment, rebellion and running and acts of escape from a multitude of things. From when it shows how runaway slaves was treated if they ever was caught. To how slave owners would defile them in many ways such as this. And how they made them suffer from beatings and whippings from their own people. They also stripped away their pride and strength by making their own family members watch their punishment with their own eyes. It just plainly shows you how they used fear to make sure that many of the slaves lost any hope of freedom whatsoever.

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(Plantation Scene and Slave Houses, Barbados, 1807-08) #4

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(Plantation Scene and Slave Houses, Barbados, 1807-08) #4

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John A. Waller, A Voyage in the West Indies (London, 1820), facing p. 20.

Identity: Plantation Scenes, Slave Settlements & Houses

In this primary source, we can see the way slaves had to live under the influence of enslavement. This picture relates to plantations, slave settlements and houses from a multitude of things. From when it shows how slaves had to live while being enslaved.  To how they was bunched up together despite there being a ton of space despite where they lived. It just plainly shows how horribly treated they was compared to even the most basic of whites.

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Thomas Eubank, Life in Brazil (New York, 1856), p. 437. Copy in Special Collections Department, University of Virginia Library.

Identity: Physical Punishment, Rebellion, Running Away

In this primary source, we can see the way slaves was punished for certain acts of escape. This picture relates to physical punishment, rebellion and acts of escape. You can tell this from what this woman was branded with. She was branded with this make to stop her countless acts of drunkenness'. Even though this mask is to stop this woman from doing something as horrible as drunkenness. But it doesn't hide the fact that by wearing this mask, it makes it problematic to consume basic things such as food and water. But despite what it's for, it sill just plainly shows how certain acts can lead to the extremist of punishments.

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Willard W. Glazier, Down the Great River: Embracing an Account of the Discovery of the True Source of the Mississippi (Philadelphia, 1887), p. 375. Copy in Special Collections Department, University of Virginia Library.

Identity: New World Agriculture & Plantation Labor

In this primary source, we can see the way slaves was forced to do labor onto cotton fields. This picture relates to New World Agriculture & Plantation Labor from a multitude of things. From how they was forced to work day and night for continues hours despite the strongly growing seasons. But also from how in this picture you are able to see how hard working these people seem to be. This not only shows the how much they wanted to be done their work. But also shows how difficult the work seems to be. It just plainly shows how people like them are subjected to harsh things such as these.

Slavery: The forcible enslavement of a human being. Someone who is forbidden to quit their service for another person and is treated as property.

Slave Trade: the procuring, transporting, and selling of human beings as slaves.

Slave Codes: laws relating to slavery and enslaved people.