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led team that discovered mirror neurons, implanted wires in front lobe region of monkeys to observe how they plan and exact movements

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Bobo Doll Experiment, studied effects of exposure to violence on child's behavior

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Studied ability of animals to learn the predictability of an event, example of why ignoring cognitive processes during classical conditioning can lead to limited success. In the experiment, if the rat is always shocked immediately after hearing a tone then it will learn to fear that tone. However, if a light is shown after the shock then the rat will not react because the tone is a better predictor. This suggests that the rat learns expectancy because it is predisposed to learn behaviors that aid its survival meaning that there’s more to classical conditioning than the CS-US association.

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challenged the idea that all associations can be learned equally well, taste aversion, proved that for conditioning to occur the US doesn't have to directly follow the CS, rejected the notion that anything can serve as a conditioned stimulus, study supported Darwin’s theory of natural selection and highlighted biological constraints of conditioning

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Thorndike's rule that behaviors that have positive outcomes tend to be repeated

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decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation

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an individual's ideas about their own and others' mental states—about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts, and the behaviors these might predict

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Operant conditioning, Operant Chamber/Skinner's Box, Pigeon Experiment

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Classical conditioning, Pavlov's Dogs

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Methods of decreasing a behavior; negative punishment takes away something desirable (changing wifi password, withholding allowance) while positive punishment adds something undesirable (chores, spanking, yelling/scolding)

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Both methods of strengthening behavior; positive reinforcement adds a desirable factor while negative reinforcement takes away an undesirable factor

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process of gathering information by studying the behavior of others

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learning based on the consequences of responding (reinforcement, punishment, shaping, reinforcement schedules)

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type of learning in which an individual learns to link and anticipate events (UCS, UCR, NS, CS, CR)

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What role does association play in learning? What is the difference between classical and operant conditioning? What are the biological and cognitive influences on conditioning?

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Learning can occur in several different ways whether that be through classical/operant conditioning or observational learning.

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Key Researchers/Contributors

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6-8 most important terms with definitions