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Huey P. Newton born in 1942, grew up in Oakland, CA. He was often suspended from school and turned to petty crime as a teen.  The seeds of his community activism were sown in his early experience of poverty and racism.

Of his experience of schooling he wrote: "they were... preparing us for the trash heap of society, where we would have to work long hours for low wages. They never realized how much they had actually educated me by teaching the necessity of resistance and dignity of defiance. I was on my way to becoming a revolutionary" (Newton, 2009, p66)

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With fellow college student Bobby Seale, Newton founded The Black Panther Party for Self-Defense in  1966. The Ten Point Plan identified their goals.

They organized legal armed police patrols which successfully protected the community from police harassment.

In response, the California Legislature passed The Mulford Bill in 1967 which made it illegal for citizens to carry loaded weapons, thus putting an end to the Panthers armed patrols. Police harassment  resumed.

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Attorney Charles Garry claimed in trial that Newton's alleged killing of officer John Frey was the result of a police plot to  stifle the influence of the BPP.

The Free Huey Campaign that followed Newton's arrest galvanized support for the BPP.

This footage from August 26th 1968 features a rally outside the Alameda County Courthouse in  support of Newton.

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Black Panther Party: Free Huey Rally At Alameda County Courthouse

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KPIX Eyewitness news footage from August 26th 1968 featuring a rally by the Black Panther Party outside the Alameda County Courthouse in Oakland, in support of Huey P. Newton. Includes scenes of Black Panthers marching and singing: "Revolution has come / off the pigs / time to pick up the gun" and "Free Huey / Black is beautiful!"

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1970 The Revolutionary People's Constitutional Convention  

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1970 The Revolutionary People's Constitutional Convention  

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In November 1970 Huey announced a new direction for the Party at the Revolutionary People's Constitutional Convention in Washington DC. The Party would move to focus on organizing for survival by establishing what they called “survival programs pending revolution”. Some programs included liberation schools, medical centres and free breakfast programs. Huey believed that the first step in the revolution for a new America was survival until the people's consciousness was raised and only then they could institute systemic change.

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The Free Breakfast Program quickly became the Party’s capstone program and in 1971 reached its peak establishing programs in 36 cities across the United States. These programs were resisted by the police, they would often raid the community spaces, damaging kitchens, destroying food and spreading rumours that the food was poisoned. The breakfast program was very popular across racial-lines, Black communities and other marginalized communities put pressure on the US government which gave way to the national School Breakfast Program that was permanently instituted in 1975.

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In September 1971 Huey was invited to China to meet with powerful international ambassadors from North Korea, Tanzania, North and South Vietnam and influential members of China's Communist Party. At this point in history, after China’s socialist revolution Huey saw it as an example for the world to follow. The CCP’s detestation of American imperialism and discrimination were aligned with the Panthers.

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1980 PhD and Solidarity with Women and LGBTQ

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1980 PhD and Solidarity with Women and LGBTQ

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Huey Newton and the Black Panther Party was a constant target of the Police and FBI.

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Huey's last words before he was assassinated.