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Individual regiments in the troops organized Musical plays to showcase the theatrical and musical talents of their soldiers. These plays performed music the soldiers arranged that was intended for a full orchestra, only on a piano. The event included, music, script, design, complete with scenery and lighting. With some of the soldiers being professional musicians who played in orchestras before being drafted into the war, it was the same kind of experience as what the soldiers would have at home.
Its no wonder that musical plays were very popular among the soldiers.

Music and Entertainment in the Trenches
https://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/singing-and-fighting/music-and-entertainment-in-the-trenches.html

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Another method of passing time in the trenches was though art. Soldiers who brought supplies made art depicting their life in the trenches, army hospitals, prison camps, and battles in the air and sea. Sometime the soldiers have access to large canvas, and watercolors and oils to create more vibrant paintings with color, in contrast to the dark and gloomy atmosphere in the trenches. Through these art made by soldiers we are shown what the war was like. Below is A Shelter in a Trench, made with pencil on paper, by a French soldier named Robert Lortac in 1915

The art the soldiers made during the First World War

https://museumcrush.org/the-art-the-soldiers-made-during-the-first-world-war/

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With the soldiers constantly being bombed while in the trenches, there were the leftover evidence of the cannon fire, one of those being the cannon shells that the explosions left behind. Soldiers used those to make things from tobacco jars to water jugs, to pass the time when not in the front line. They used whatever tools they could find to carve intricate details into the metal, from calligraphy to motifs.

BEAUTY FROM THE BATTLEFIELD: 10 PIECES OF TRENCH ART
https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/beauty-from-the-battlefield-10-pieces-of-trench-art

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During the war, the allied side-especially Great Britain-often held music halls to boost the morale of the people who were  not at the front lines. A popular song was "Your King and Country Want You", commonly sung by female performers. It was a very patriotic song that urged men to join the army and fight for their country. During the performance the singers would bring men up onto the stage to sign up on the spot. If they didn't do it immediately, the men would be seen as cowards.

Music As Propaganda - International
https://library.ccsu.edu/dighistFall16/exhibits/show/music-as-propaganda-in-world-w/music-as-propaganda/international#:~:text=Soldiers%20would%20sing%20songs%20in,conditions%20they%20were%20currently%20in.

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For learning more about the art and music during the times of WWI

https://rememberingwwi.villanova.edu/popular-culture/

https://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/singing-and-fighting/training-the-soldiers.html

https://www.wwham.com/brushes-with-war.html

https://www.countrylife.co.uk/out-and-about/theatre-film-music/focus-trench-cello-brought-joy-music-first-world-war-188445

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This cello, unlike the ones that are normally used in orchestras, is able to be packed into a box around the size of an ammunition box that soldiers often carried around. The four cellos that have been found after the war are all crafted by the same instrument maker, Hills & Sons in London, around 1900. They are actually called Holiday Cellos, to be taken on travels when you don't wan't to haul the huge normal-sized cello around. Cellists brought the instrument to the trenches, often playing music for their fellow soldiers, and to pass the time.

The First World War trenches – mud, blood and ….. music
https://www.shoeman.eu/ww1-trenches-mud-blood-and-music/#:~:text=Not%20just%20harmonicas%20and%20whistles,would%20be%20a%20static%20one.