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Climate change includes both global warming driven by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gasas and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns.

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Wind Energy
Hydropower
Natural Gas
Geothermal Energy
Bioenergy

Mert from Germany

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And every year, billions of pounds of more plastic end up in the world's oceans. Studies estimate there are now 15–51 trillion pieces of plastic in the world's oceans — from the equator to the poles, from Arctic ice sheets to the sea floor

Written by Toprak from Germany

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Deforestation is the second leading cause of global warming worldwide, and it produces about 24% of global greenhouse gas emissions.

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It is the second leading cause of global warming, but anyway we don't give it the importance that we should. To help solving this problem we can do many things as reducing our use of product made from wood. Finally, this is a problem we must fight together!!!

Laia, Lucía and Goizane from Spain.

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Clean Energy is energy that produces less pollution than energy from other sources, such as fossil fuels. Renewable energy is obtained from natural sources that are virtually endless, either because of the immense amount of energy they contain, because they are capable of regenerating themselves by natural means.

Maider, Maite and Marina from Spain.

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This Global Change increase in temperature has disastrous consequences that endanger the survival of the Earth's flora and fauna, including humans.

Among the impacts of climate change, the melting of the ice mass at the poles stands out, which in turn causes sea level rise, causing flooding and threatening costal shores.In the last 10 years, no less than 13 million hectares have been destroyed.

Iker, Alba and Mikel.

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Plants and animals maintain the health and the balance of an ecosystem. When these species become endangered, the balance of our ecosystem is broken.

Due to the developement of industrial activity, the levels of CO2 that we send out to the atmosfere are generating drastic changes in our ecosystem. Thus, a lot of species are being threatened by this.

Alejandro, Eder and Naia.

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At least 8 million tons of plastic end up in our oceans every year, and make up 80% of all marine debris from surface waters to deep-sea sediments. Marine species ingest or are entangled by plastic debris, which causes severe injuries and deaths. Our opinion is that people who throw plastics into the sea should be fined. Because when it affects ourselves, it is when we do more.

Gaizka, Ivan and Alain

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I think clean energy is important, because we can reduce the pollution of the earth and help the earth.

Lukas Sch. from Germany

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Once in the Ocean plastic can take hundreds of years to degrade, all the while breaking down into smaller and smaller 'microplastics,' which can be consumed by marine animals, and find their way into the human food chain.

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At first we have to educate ourselves about them and we should begin to recycle and buy sustainable products. We also shouldn't be buying plastic products and reduce out water consumption.

Dzeneta and Laura from Germany

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How does the plastic pollution affect the ocean?

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How does the plastic pollution affect the ocean?

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Fish, seabirds, sea turtles, and marine mammals can become entangled in or ingest plastic debris, causing suffocation, starvation, and drowning.Plastic waste kills up to a million seabirds a year. As with sea turtles, when seabirds ingest plastic, it takes up room in their stomachs, sometimes causing starvation.

Dzeneta and Laura from Germany

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Warm temperatures control the gender of the hatchlings of sea turtles. When it get´s warmer and warmer, the sea turtles will get less.

Hendrik

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Climate affects nearly every aspect of our lives, from our food  to our transport , from what clothes we wear, to where we go on holiday. It has a huge effect on our livelihoods, our health, and our future. Climate is the long-term pattern of weather conditions in any particular place.

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What is clean energy? NCSEA defines clean energy as energy derived from renewable, zero-emissions sources as well as energy saved through energy efficiency  measures.The most common renewable energy resources are biomass, geothermal, hydropower, solar, and wind.

Dzeneta and Laura

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Scientists believe that by 2050 more than 140 countries will use wind, solar and water as their only way to generate energy. This would prevent further dramatic consequences in connection with fossil or nuclear energy, and create a lot of new jobs.

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How human boats can be dangerous to whales

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How human boats can be dangerous to whales

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The noises of a boat on the ocean can be very dangerous to whales. These animals live with their voice and hearing. They communicate with it and also find food, mates and avoid predators. So when there are other noises than the natural ones, they can't survive.

Katharina from Germany

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There are numerous species currently in danger of extinction. Most of them are caused directly or indirectly by man: climate change, destruction of their habitat, illegal hunting.

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There are numerous species currently in danger of extinction. Most of them are caused directly or indirectly by man: climate change, destruction of their habitat, illegal hunting.

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Top ten animals in danger:
Javan rhinoceros
Cheetah
Tiger
Red Tuna
Asian elephant
Vaquita porpoise
Mountain gorilla
Giraffe
Hawksbill turtle
Sumatran rhino

Mert from Germany

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In recent decades, the consumption of plastic has risen sharply. Every individual contributes to this, for example with disposable products such as plastic bags or packaging. Everyone can change a lot by doing little things. For example, taking your shopping bag with you instead of using a plastic one.

From Merle from Germany

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https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/campaigns/ocean_plastics/

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there have been previous periods of climatic change, since the mid-20th century humans have had an unprecedented impact on Earth's climate system and caused change on a global scale.

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Deforestation:

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Biodiversity:

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What will happen if we don't fix ocean pollution?

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What will happen if we don't fix ocean pollution?

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Shockingly, we might have sea levels rise by as much as 19 inches by 2050. Some species of marine life will continue to migrate, while others will be killed off. A contributing factor to this is that there'll be more plastic than fish in our oceans.
Kinga and Weronika from Poland

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How many species are harmed by plastic pollution?

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How many species are harmed by plastic pollution?

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44,000 animals are becoming entangled or swallow plastic debris, accounting for a total of 693 marine species. At least 17% of those affected species are listed as threatened or near threatened.
Plastic debris causes the deaths of more than a million seabirds every year, as well as more than 100,000 marine mammals.
Paweł & Julia from Poland

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100 elephants are killed each day for their tusks to fuel illegal ivory trade. As a result, elephant populations are declining rapidly.
Zuzia P.&Klaudia from Poland

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A report done by the Ellen MacArthur Foundation found that there are over 150 million tons of plastic in the oceans today. That is about 1 ton of plastic for every 3 tons of fish. Keeping up a business-as-usual trend will have plastic outweighing fish in the ocean by 2050.

Julia Ż & Julita from Poland 🇵🇱

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Climate change can have really dangerous effects, so what can we do to stop the climate change?

1. Ride bike instead of driving the car – most of the cars release the CO2 and other greenhouse gases which makes the case even worse.

2. Don’t use plastic and disposable things. Think before you buy something you will have to throw away

3. Recycle everything you can – If you use something another time, you have another usable object for free and you do something good for the planet.

4. Buy used things instead of new – if you buy something used you give the new life to thing that could go to the trash, and save the Energy and sources that could be used to make another new object. Also you save money.

Wiktor, Tobiasz, Zuzanna from Poland

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Plastic waste never fully goes away, it just breaks into little pieces. A team was studying plastic pollution in the ocean and found that out of the 66,077 pieces of plastic collected in samples, 95% of it was millimeters in size. It is dangerous for marine life as it is often mistaken for food and causes animals to get tangled which affects their ability to swim. A 2009 study found that out of 408 leatherback sea turtle autopsy reports, plastic was found in a third of those cases.

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It is surprising that the percentage of air pollution becomes higher. I think that as humans we should start protecting our planet. Otherwise, the earth will be more and more devastated by inappropriate human behavior.
Patrycja from Poland

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I'm so surprised because scientists said that more than 140 countries by 2050 will use solar panels, water, wind to get renewable energy. It's fantastic news for our planet and peoples. Renewable energy = less pollution and better living conditions.

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It's not that hard to protect coral reefs. We can buy and use oxybenzone and octinoxate-free sunscreen to reduce using corals to produce products with this igredients. We can save this beautifull specimen of nature. You can help too!
Gabriela B. from Poland :)

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Wielka Rafa Koralowa albo Wielka Rafa Barierowa ( Great Barrier Reef ) - największa na świecie , położona u wybrzeży . Jest to największa na Ziemi pojedyncza struktura wytworzona przez organizmy żywe, widoczna nawet z kosmosu (jako biała smuga na tle błękitnego oceanu).

Pochodzenie i główne cechy

Rozwój Wielkiej Rafy Koralowej rozpoczął się ok. 18 mln lat temu. Wiek rafy ocenia się na ok. 20 mln lat, a niektórych jej części nawet na 45,5 mln lat. W obecnej fazie rozwoju, która trwa już od 8 tysięcy lat, budowane są nowe warstwy na "starych" fundamentach. Bariera leży w różnych odległościach od brzegów, wahających się od 15 do 200 km, i rozciąga się na powierzchni ponad 344 tysięcy km². Wielka Rafa Koralowa obejmuje około 3000 pojedynczych raf i ponad 900 wysp, które otoczone są rafami tworzącymi przybrzeżne . Szerokość rafy wynosi od 2 km do 150 km. Badania przeprowadzone na rafie wykazały, że grubość tworzącej ją warstwy koralowca przekracza 500 m.

Między Wielką Rafą Koralową i wybrzeżem rozciągają się . Ten obszar płycizn, który rzadko przekracza głębokość 100 m, pokrywa zamuloną warstwę chronioną przez przybrzeżne rafy. Od strony , zbocze rafy opada stromo na tysiące metrów w głąb morza. Rafa jest w tym miejscu narażona na działanie i .

Wzrost jest tutaj najszybszy. Jednocześnie w miejscach, gdzie fale i temperatury są ekstremalne, rafy tracą największe ilości budulca. Duża część luźnego materiału zostaje ponownie związana i tworzy "nowe skały". Rafa poddana jest w ten sposób stałemu procesowi niszczenia i odbudowy.

Powstawanie Rafy Koralowej

Każdy gatunek koralowca ma własny wzorzec wzrostu, dlatego właśnie spotykana jest taka różnorodność form - od , płyt i dużych , po powierzchnie, konary i struktury w formie rogów.

Rafy koralowe występują w stosunkowo płytkich przybrzeżnych wodach w strefie międzyzwrotnikowej. Zbudowana jest z wapienia, który tworzą szkielety obumarłych koralowców. Żyją na nich całe kolonie innych organizmów i żerują bardzo liczne gatunki zwierząt.

To piękne miejsce pełne różnych gatunków , oraz . Oprócz około 1500 gatunków ryb, na rafie żyje ponad 5000 gatunków mięczaków, oraz 400 gatunków i 500 gatunków wodorostów. Większe wyspy pokryte są gęstą . Wielka Rafa Koralowa jest jedną z większych atrakcji turystycznych Australii. roślinnością tropikalną

Od 26 października roku, jako ( Great Barrier Reef Marine Park), objęta ochroną, wpisana na . Powierzchnia parku, chronionego przez UNESCO, wynosi 346 000 km². ( Listę Światowego Dziedzictwa Kulturalnego i Przyrodniczego UNESCO , Wielka Rafa Koralowa oraz lasy tropikalne Queensland).
Fauna Rafy
Większa część koralowca jest biała. Jest to , z której zbudowany jest szkielet nieżyjących już polipów. Żyjące polipy natomiast mają bogatą kolorystykę. Różne gatunki koralowców - wachlarzowate i pierzaste oraz spokrewnione z nimi i inne stworzenia występują w wielu barwach: od , , poprzez kolor pomarańczowy, po fiolety, róże i zielenie. Niebieskie i żółte oraz fioletowe i żółte , rywalizują z żywo ubarwionymi, czerwono-białymi , szmaragdowymi i niebieskimi . Rafy powstają najczęściej u wybrzeży w strefie , ale bywają też samotne np. w kształcie . Korale potrzebują ciepłej wody o temperaturze od 18 do 35 °C, dlatego nie spotyka się ich powyżej 30°-35° północnej i południowej. Zasolenie wody od 27 do 40‰. Woda musi być dość ruchliwa, tak by do rozgwiazdami wężowatymi docierało pożywienie. Koralowce są też bardzo wrażliwe na zanieczyszczenie wody. rozgwiazdami morskimi szelfu kontynentalnego szerokości geograficznej
Świat ryb
mogą zjeść olbrzymią ilość koralowców. "Wywracają" swoje na drugą stronę i rozpryskują . Następnie wciągają wnętrzności. Posiłek składa się z częściowo już strawionej "zupy" koralowej.
Symbioza ryb
Ryby zamieszkujące zbierają się czasami i czekają wspólnie na pojawienie się określonych gatunków lub . Stworzenia te uwalniają większe ryby od i usuwają martwe tkanki. Z takiego układu korzystają obie strony - krewetki, które mają stałe źródło pożywienia oraz ryby pozostające dzięki nim przy życiu.

Kolejnym przykładem symbiozy jest współpraca ryb z gatunku , czyli , i krewetek z gatunku . Krewetka posiada asymetryczne, silne kleszcze (cecha gatunku ). Wykopuje ona nimi tunel, który potem zamieszkuje wspólnie z rybami z gatunku . O każdym niebezpieczeństwie dobrze widzące ryby powiadamiają niemal ślepe krewetki, uderzając je ogonem po . Oba gatunki unikają w ten sposób zagrożenia, chroniąc się we współdzielonej jamie.

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Wielka Rafa Koralowa albo Wielka Rafa Barierowa ( Great Barrier Reef ) - największa na świecie , położona u wybrzeży . Jest to największa na Ziemi pojedyncza struktura wytworzona przez organizmy żywe, widoczna nawet z kosmosu (jako biała smuga na tle błękitnego oceanu). Pochodzenie i główne cechy Rozwój Wielkiej Rafy Koralowej rozpoczął się ok.

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We were shocked about the answer related to the U.S. We were surprised (in a bad way) to learn that the Americans were so polluting. They recycle only 9% of it's plastic, and use 500 millions plastic straws everyday and around 100 billion.
It's revolting...

Aurore and Aloys, France

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In my opinion, clean energy is a really important thing and we all should focus on it more. I was pleasantly surprised when I found out that nearly 140 countries could run on energy created solely from wind, solar and water power by 2050. That's fantastic news especially when this could help avoid more dangerous global warming and preventing millions of premature deaths.

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We can help fight deforestation by leaving forests standing, planting more trees, reducing your use of products made from wood and demanding forest products from sustainable sources.
Ola Sobieska from Poland

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With renewable energy, our world can avoid more global warming. It is more healthy and efficient than coal, for example, which pollutes the environment. Renewables also take up less space and can be used all the time. It is comforting to know that more and more countries are starting to take advantage of the sun, wind or water. Magdalena from Poland

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In the last 50 years, human activity has led to a situation in which the population of wild animals on Earth has decreased by 58%. People not only hunt animals but also destroy their habitats by cutting down forests. In addition, the increase in CO2 in the atmosphere leads to catastrophic climate changes that disrupt the environmental balance and entail entire populations of different species of animals. Wild animals also die due to the need for their skin or blows.
Oliwia from Poland

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OLA K FROM POLAND

I understood that it is only up to us, people, what will be the world and climate in the future. Our task is to protect the planet. Let's do this together. Let's take care of our planet...

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Bees have always been an important and integral part of the ecosystem.  However, with the development of civilization, this harmonious symbiosis is gradually deformed by changes in the environment caused by the presence of people.  Albert Einstein said that after the bees become extinct, humans will have 3-4 more years of existence.
Kamila from Poland

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More than a third of the food produced in the world never ends up on the table! :o Food loss and waste account for approximately 8.2% of total man-made greenhouse gas emissions. Maybe one day it will be possible to prevent it. 🥦🥬🍟🥗🥩❌❌❌❗️
Lidia from Poland 🇵🇱

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Climate change includes both global warming driven by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gasas and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns.

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Too much Wast are thrown away, and with the Pandemy of Coronavirus, people throw away their masks in the nature and after their masks are found in the ocean...

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Too much Wast are thrown away, and with the Pandemy of Coronavirus, people throw away their masks in the nature and after their masks are found in the ocean...

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Youenn Rollin, Français bebew

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Here is a video explaining globally how to use and how work the different energies against climate change so we can know what is the fight we must take part of. It is really interesting because this channel put a lot of work in their videos and only explains the facts, putting the opinion part away.

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Do we Need Nuclear Energy to Stop Climate Change?

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Something that impacts a lot the biodiversity is unauthorized dump. Indeed every year thousands tons of rubbish are thrown in the nature in garbage dump that are illegal. It is a huge problem because a lot of the waste are toxic and they need to be trated by professionals.
All those trash are destroying the spot and the vegetation dies.
Olivia from France.

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Plastics consistently make up 80% of all marine debris studied. There may now be around 5.25 trillion macro and microplastic pieces floating in the open ocean. Weighing up to 269,000 tonnes. 100,000 marine mammals and turtles and 1 million sea birds are killed by marine plastic pollution annually.
For me it is a very important topic, everyone should help a bit in order to have a better world for all human beings and animals.
the website:
https://www.sas.org.uk/our-work/plastic-pollution/plastic-pollution-facts-figures/

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Oil spill can be very dangerous for the ocean, many species can be intoxicated by oil. Moreover, it stays in the sea for a long time, and it's very hard to extract it from the water.

Alban.M and Matheo.SM

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by throwing plastic in ocean we kill billions of turtles every second .
We could avoid this by reducing our plastic consumption and buying packaging-free food, or using reusable packaging.

canel, gwen, jb,romane

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I want to speak about poaching. I think it's abnormal to kill animals for their skin, for their tusks, for their organs. Each year, 600 milions of sharks are killed by the poachers. You have to know that this is not just in African countries. In France there are an illegal business of reptiles, 2 milions of them are victimes of poaching.
Cléa

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In 2040 it will be 3 degree Celsius warmer than today. The polar caps will melt and the sea level will rise, coasts will be flooded. Many people will be refugees.

Chiara/ Germany

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Climate change is a very big problem.
The sea level is rising,
storms and droughts are becoming more severe.
It is very important to reduce greenhouse gases.
One of the risks and impacts of climate change is that hunger crises are on the rise in developing countries driving people from their homes.

Anna from Germany

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Plastic Pollution is one of the biggest problems our modern society is facing today. The text by Laura Parker made me really thoughtful. I was inspired by her ideas about what the world would like if plastic would have been invented earlier. If you have time and if you are interested in the topic take a look at the following source to read the text yourself

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/plastic-planet-waste-pollution-trash-crisis

Mark from Germany :)

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Habit: Nigeria, Cameroon (Africa)
Number of animals: 100-250,
the Cross-River-Gorilla belongs to one of the two species of the western gorilla. He lives near a river called "Cross River". This runs in the border region between Nigeria and Cameroon.
Threats to the Cross River Gorilla:
-lose of habitat
-hunting

(Nelli from Germany)

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Plastics revolutionized medicine with life-saving devices, made space travel possible, lightened cars and jets—saving fuel and pollution—and saved lives with helmets, incubators, and equipment for clean drinking water. But the dark side of the material is the thrown-away culture-singel use plastic accounts for 40 percent of the plastic produce every year. Plastic bags and food wrappers don´t have a long lifespan but yet they persist in the environment for hundreds of years.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/plastic-pollution

Letizia from Germany

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Climate change is the long-term concequence of temperature and weather patterns in a place.The cause of our current climate change is largely human activity, like burning fossil fuels, like natural gas and oil. Burning these materials releases what are called greenhouse gases into the earth atmosphere.
Jana from Germany

https://www.nationalgeographic.org

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Millions of tons of plastic are disposed of in the environment across the EU, up to 500,000 tons of which end up in the oceans. Among the most common plastic items found in the ocean are plastic bottles and bags, food packaging, straws and plastic cutlery.The remnants of our throwaway society kill up to 135,000 marine mammals and a million sea birds each year.

https://www.duh.de
https://www.science-intermedia.de ›

Kira from Germany

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Our plastic can cost sea turtle's life. For us it is carelessness but for sea turtles it's deadly. They often mistake plastic with their staple food. This "food" in the turtle's stomach imitates the sensation to being full. So they neglect their regular food and also can die from starvation. Think about before using plastic and let's save the turtles.

Kevin from Paderborn

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What about hydrogen cars? There is a procedure to construct thinner plates for the fuel cell for more power and a higher reach. That kind of car which uses water as clean energy is definetely better than normal e-cars with their batteries which become toxic waste once they are out of use.

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How much plastic gets into the ocean every year and where is plastic affecting the ocean?!

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How much plastic gets into the ocean every year and where is plastic affecting the ocean?!

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88% of the sea's surface is polluted by plastic waste. Between 8 to 14 million tonnes enters our ocean every year.

Plastic in the Ocean has a vast and detrimental impact on Ocean wildlife and habitats and is found in every corner of the Ocean, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Small pieces of plastic are eaten by fish, turtles and seabirds, often resulting in their death.

source:
https://www.condorferries.co.uk/plastic-in-the-ocean-statistics

source:
https://www.oceanunite.org/issues/marine-plastic-pollution-2/

by Marlon Bruns from Germany

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It´s no secret that climate change is a huge problem. The temperatures are rising as well as the sea level. Due to climate change many extreme weather events happen like bush fires in Australia, heat waves as well as droughts, heavy rain falls and floods in Germany. As a consequence animal and plant species are dying out.

Sources:
-Website of the EU
-DW

Lisanne from Germany<3

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Effects of climate change and global warming

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Effects of climate change and global warming

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Climate change destabilises the Earth’s temperature equilibrium and has far-​reaching effects on human beings and the environment. During the course of global warming, the energy balance and thus the temperature of the earth change, due to the increased concentration of greenhouse gases, which has a significant impact on humans and the environment.

https://www.myclimate.org/information/faq/faq-detail/what-are-the-effects-of-climate-change/

Kevin from Germany

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Key facts

Climate change is directly contributing to humanitarian emergencies from heatwaves, wildfires, floods, tropical storms and hurricanes and they are increasing in scale, frequency and intensity.

Research shows that 3.6 billion people already live in areas highly susceptible to climate change. Between 2030 and 2050, climate change is expected to cause approximately 250 000 additional deaths per year, from undernutrition, malaria, diarrhoea and heat stress alone.

The direct damage costs to health (excluding costs in health-determining sectors such as agriculture and water and sanitation) is estimated to be between US$ 2-4 billion per year by 2030.

Areas with weak health infrastructure - mostly in developing countries - will be the least able to cope without assistance to prepare and respond.

Reducing emissions of greenhouse gases through better transport, food and energy use choices can result in very large gains for health, particularly through reduced air pollution.

Overview

Climate change presents a fundamental threat to human health. It affects the physical environment as well as all aspects of both natural and human systems - including social and economic conditions and the functioning of health systems. It is therefore a threat multiplier, undermining and potentially reversing decades of health progress. As climatic conditions change, more frequent and intensifying weather and climate events are observed, including storms, extreme heat, floods, droughts and wildfires. These weather and climate hazards affect health both directly and indirectly, increasing the risk of deaths, noncommunicable diseases, the emergence and spread of infectious diseases, and health emergencies.

Climate change is also having an impact on our health workforce and infrastructure, reducing capacity to provide universal health coverage (UHC). More fundamentally, climate shocks and growing stresses such as changing temperature and precipitation patterns, drought, floods and rising sea levels degrade the environmental and social determinants of physical and mental health. All aspects of health are affected by climate change, from clean air, water and soil to food systems and livelihoods. Further delay in tackling climate change will increase health risks, undermine decades of improvements in global health, and contravene our collective commitments to ensure the human right to health for all.

Climate change impacts on health

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) concluded that climate risks are appearing faster and will become more severe sooner than previously expected, and it will be harder to adapt with increased global heating.

It further reveals that 3.6 billion people already live in areas highly susceptible to climate change. Despite contributing minimally to global emissions, low-income countries and small island developing states (SIDS) endure the harshest health impacts. In vulnerable regions, the death rate from extreme weather events in the last decade was 15 times higher than in less vulnerable ones.

Climate change is impacting health in a myriad of ways, including by leading to death and illness from increasingly frequent extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, storms and floods, the disruption of food systems, increases in zoonoses and food-, water- and vector-borne diseases, and mental health issues. Furthermore, climate change is undermining many of the social determinants for good health, such as livelihoods, equality and access to health care and social support structures. These climate-sensitive health risks are disproportionately felt by the most vulnerable and disadvantaged, including women, children, ethnic minorities, poor communities, migrants or displaced persons, older populations, and those with underlying health conditions.
Figure: An overview of climate-sensitive health risks, their exposure pathways and vulnerability factors. Climate change impacts health both directly and indirectly, and is strongly mediated by environmental, social and public health determinants.
Although it is unequivocal that climate change affects human health, it remains challenging to accurately estimate the scale and impact of many climate-sensitive health risks. However, scientific advances progressively allow us to attribute an increase in morbidity and mortality to global warming, and more accurately determine the risks and scale of these health threats.

WHO data indicates 2 billion people lack safe drinking water and 600 million suffer from foodborne illnesses annually, with children under 5 bearing 30% of foodborne fatalities. Climate stressors heighten waterborne and foodborne disease risks. In 2020, 770 million faced hunger, predominantly in Africa and Asia. Climate change affects food availability, quality and diversity, exacerbating food and nutrition crises.

Temperature and precipitation changes enhance the spread of vector-borne diseases. Without preventive actions, deaths from such diseases, currently over 700 000 annually, may rise. Climate change induces both immediate mental health issues, like anxiety and post-traumatic stress, and long-term disorders due to factors like displacement and disrupted social cohesion.

Recent research attributes 37% of heat-related deaths to human-induced climate change. Heat-related deaths among those over 65 have risen by 70% in two decades. In 2020, 98 million more experienced food insecurity compared to the 1981-2010 average. The WHO conservatively projects 250 000 additional yearly deaths by the 2030s due to climate change impacts on diseases like malaria and coastal flooding. However, modelling challenges persist, especially around capturing risks like drought and migration pressures.

The climate crisis threatens to undo the last 50 years of progress in development, global health and poverty reduction, and to further widen existing health inequalities between and within populations. It severely jeopardizes the realization of UHC in various ways, including by compounding the existing burden of disease and by exacerbating existing barriers to accessing health services, often at the times when they are most needed. Over 930 million people - around 12% of the world's population - spend at least 10% of their household budget to pay for health care. With the poorest people largely uninsured, health shocks and stresses already currently push around 100 million people into poverty every year, with the impacts of climate change worsening this trend.

Climate change and equity

In the short- to medium-term, the health impacts of climate change will be determined mainly by the vulnerability of populations, their resilience to the current rate of climate change and the extent and pace of adaptation. In the longer-term, the effects will increasingly depend on the extent to which transformational action is taken now to reduce emissions and avoid the breaching of dangerous temperature thresholds and potential irreversible tipping points.

While no one is safe from these risks, the people whose health is being harmed first and worst by the climate crisis are the people who contribute least to its causes, and who are least able to protect themselves and their families against it: people in low-income and disadvantaged countries and communities.

Addressing climate change's health burden underscores the equity imperative: those most responsible for emissions should bear the highest mitigation and adaptation costs, emphasizing health equity and vulnerable group prioritization.

Need for urgent action

To avert catastrophic health impacts and prevent millions of climate change-related deaths, the world must limit temperature rise to 1.5°C. Past emissions have already made a certain level of global temperature rise and other changes to the climate inevitable. Global heating of even 1.5°C is not considered safe, however; every additional tenth of a degree of warming will take a serious toll on people's lives and health.

WHO response

WHO's response to these challenges centres around 3 main objectives:

Promote actions that both reduce carbon emissions and improve health: supporting a rapid and equitable transition to a clean energy economy; ensuring that health is central to climate change mitigation policy; accelerating mitigation actions that bring the greatest health gains; and mobilizing the strength of the health community to drive policy change and build public support.

Build better, more climate-resilient and environmentally sustainable health systems: ensuring core services, environmental sustainability and climate resilience as central components of UHC and primary health care (PHC); supporting health systems to leapfrog to cheaper, more reliable and cleaner solutions, while decarbonizing high-emitting health systems; and mainstreaming climate resilience and environmental sustainability into health service investments, including the capacity of the health workforce.

Protect health from the wide range of impacts of climate change: assessing health vulnerabilities and developing health plans; integrating climate risk and implementing climate-informed surveillance and response systems for key risks, such as extreme heat and infectious disease; supporting resilience and adaptation in health-determining sectors such as water and food; and closing the financing gap for health adaptation and resilience.

Leadership and Raising Awareness: WHO leads in emphasizing climate change's health implications, aiming to centralize health in climate policies, including through the UNFCCC. Partnering with major health agencies, health professionals and civil society, WHO strives to embed climate change in health priorities like UHC and target carbon neutrality by 2030.

Evidence and Monitoring: WHO, with its network of global experts, contributes global evidence summaries, provides assistance to nations in their assessments, and monitors progress. The emphasis is on deploying effective policies and enhancing access to knowledge and data.

Capacity Building and Country Support: Through WHO offices, support is given to ministries of health, focusing on collaboration across sectors, updated guidance, hands-on training, and support for project preparation and execution as well as for securing climate and health funding. WHO leads the Alliance for Transformative Action on Climate and Health (ATACH), bringing together a range of health and development partners, to support countries in achieving their commitments to climate-resilient and low carbon health systems.

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WHO fact sheet on climate change and health: provides key facts, patterns of infection, measuring health effects and WHO response.

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Monoculture is to cultivate the same type of plant over several years on the same area.
The following problems are just some examples:
*Erosion
*pest infestation
*a one-sided nutrient depletion of the soil

That is why farmers are increasing the use of fertilizers and pesticides. Fertilizers and pesticides are also really bad for nature and animals.
Therefore, farmers have to plant different types of plants on an area over a long period of time, to solve the problem.

Marie from Germany

https://www.quarks.de/umwelt/landwirtschaft/darum-schaden-uns-monokulturen/

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Why should we care if a species goes extinct? Moral and ethical arguments to try to prevent species extinction include reasons like all life has a right to be here, or that we owe it to our grandchildren to protect species so they can see them in the wild. Species also impact the ecosystems they are a part of; plants and animals depend on each other in an ecosystem for things like food and shelter, so if one species dies out, then that could affect other species in an ecosystem. For example sea otters live in kelp forests and eat sea urchins, and when they were hunted almost to extinction the sea urchin population increased and ate all the kelp-- destroying the kelp forest habitat.

source:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5eTqjzQZDY

Marlon Bruns from Germany

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The wildlife is very important. So there are many ways to protect the wildlife. here are some ways how you can make a difference!
1. adopt animals from a wildlife organisation
2. Volunteer or donate money
3. Visit Zoos, Aquariums and  national parks
4. Speak up!
5. Buy responsibility
6. Throw your trash away
7. Recycle
8. join organisations
Jana from Germany
https://share.america.gov/top-10-ways-save-wildlife/

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Clean energy stands for forms of energy that are sustainable and also climate-friendly. Another advantage is that the clean energy is available indefinitely.Wind energy is the use of the kinetic energy of air currents to generate electrical energy. ... Wind energy is one of the renewable energies and is used to generate electricity by means of wind power plants (also: wind turbines).

https://www.entega.de › blog › saubere-energie
https://www.interconnector.de/wp-content/uploads/windenergie-wissen-und-details-teaserbild.jpg

Kira from Germany

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Our closest living relative the bonobos is threaten by exstinction. It is on us to save them from ourselve because the humanity is the biggest factor for this trend. Under the following link you can send some money to an organisation rescuing bonobos and help the most human animals in the world
https://donate.bonobo.org/

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The Garbage vortex is nearly five times biger than Germany.

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The Pacific Garbage Patch it is considered to be the largest garbage vortex in the world.
There is a lot of plastic waste, caused by humans for example Plastic bags, fishing nets, bottles and other plastic parts. The plastic is dangerous for sea ​​animals,thats why we have to avoid plastic.

Marie from Germany

https://utopia.de/plastik-muell-strudel-pazifik-ocean-cleanup-84256/

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Clean energy is important, because this is the only way to help the earth and we can reduce pollution. Wind turbines can be built in all climate zones and so can every country came down from here emission value.

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Clean energy is important, because this is the only way to help the earth and we can reduce pollution. Wind turbines can be built in all climate zones and so can every country came down from here emission value.

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Chiara from germany

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1.Buy smart- avoid harmful & black market products
2.Get in touch with your local representatives
3.Avoid harmful pesticides & herbicides that damage native plants & wildlife
4.Learn local- volunteer at a Wildlife Center or visit a State or National Park
5.Plant native- Help replenish the local ecosystem
6.Drive safely
7.Support accredited zoos & aquariums
8.Reduce your consumption & pollution
9.Donate to a wildlife organization
10.Spread the word!
Letizia from Germany
https://www.safariltd.com/blogs/toys-that-teach/top-10-ways-to-save-endangered-species

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We pollute the ocean with oil, plastic or other pollutants. With a behavior like this we kill billions of turtles and fish. We should live more responsibly and take care of the ocean.

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Endangered species are hunted all over the world. That's a very big problem and we have to change it!
In Africa, more than 18,000 people go on a big game hunt each year, killing more than 120,000 wild animals.
The most endangered animals are elephants, leopards, lions, cheetahs, rhinos, brown bears, hippos, zebras, monkeys, wolves and wild cats.
Trophy hunters often target rare species!
Anna from Germany