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After the disappearance of dinosaurs, penguins diversified. The evolution took place over the course of 3 million years into the penguins we know today.

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Their ancestors adapted to the marine environment for the amount of food available. Since they didn't need to fly their wings shortened and became flap-shaped, and its feather coat became dense.

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It is thought penguins have a common ancestor to Petrels and Albatrasses, Loons, and Frigatebirds. The oldest penguin is named Waimanu Manneringi.

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It is believed presnt day penguins, Spheniscidae family, evolved from non-flying birds. Their basal ancestor lived 71-68 million years ago, can extend to 40-100 million years. They lived in the late Cretacous Period. The first true penguins developed on the east coast of the south island of what is now New Zealand, in an area called Waipara.

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The process of change in the sequence composition of cellular molecules.

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The theory of Recapitulation.

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A structure in humans corresponding to a functional structure or organ in ancestral animals.

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When organs or bones appear in different organisms that seem to be connected.

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Variation in the different genotypes in a small population.

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Natural selection arising through preference by one sex for certain characteristics in individuals of the other sex.

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Divergent, Parallel, and Convergent Evolution

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Divergent, Parallel, and Convergent Evolution

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Different patterns of evolution.

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Movement of individuals, and/or the genetic material they carry, from one population to another.

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The changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a difference in the DNA code.

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The process that causes populations to change to have survival and reproductive success in their environment

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Variation=Mutation
Inheritance= DNA and Sexual
Selection
Selection= Selection and Genetic Drift
Time= Migration / Gene Flow

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Explain the evolution of a particular animal

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Explain the evolution of a particular animal