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LEZIONE INTRODUTTIVA: PERCHE' STUDIARE LE SCIENZE DELLA TERRA?

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LEZIONE INTRODUTTIVA: PERCHE' STUDIARE LE SCIENZE DELLA TERRA?

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Lezione introduttiva Primo Anno Scienze della Terra 1

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Scienze della Terra

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Test di ingresso Scienze della terra - Classe 1^

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CONOSCENZE:
Dinamicità della litosfera; fenomeni sismici e vulcanici. I minerali e loro proprietà fisiche; le rocce magmatiche, le rocce sedimentarie e le rocce metamorfiche; il ciclo delle rocce.
ABILITA':
Analizzare lo stato attuale e le modificazione del pianeta anche in riferimento allo sfruttamento delle risorse della Terra.

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Lezione 1 - La struttura interna della Terra 

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Lezione 1 - La struttura interna della Terra 

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Disegno di una sezione del pianeta e degli STRATI CONCENTRICI che lo costituiscono frutto di osservazione indiretta. NUCLEO (N. INTERNO, N. ESTERNO), MANTELLO (MESOSFERA, ASTENOSFERA, M. LITOSFERICO), CROSTA TERRESTRE. LITOSFERA. Comportamento dei corpi solidi: RIGIDO, PLASTICO, ELASTICO. Drammatizzazione.

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Definizione condivisa di roccia.
La classificazione delle rocce.

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I MINERALI
Portare a scuola i campioni e procedere con l'osservazione e il brain storming alla lavagna. Giungere ad una definizione condivisa di minerale e implementare (solido, naturale, inorganico, composizione chimica def, struttura cristallina).

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La composizione della materia: l'atomo, le particelle subatomiche, cenni alla tavola periodica degli elementi, i legami chimici. In 2-3 lez.

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LEZIONE 3/ LABORATORIO 1 - Caratteristiche dei minerali

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LEZIONE 3/ LABORATORIO 1 - Caratteristiche dei minerali

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Colore
Durezza
Frattura
Lucentezza
Densità

Compito per gruppi (costruire la scala Mohs):
Cercare tra i seguenti minerali (talco, gesso, calcite, fluorite, apatite, ortoclasio, quarzo, corindone, diamante) le caratteristiche sopra riportate (Wikipedia), disegnarli su una scheda. Attaccare ad un cartellone in ordine di durezza crescente. LO SCIENZIATO CLASSIFICA INDIVIDUANDO DEI CRITERI!

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LEZIONE 4 - I MAGGIORI GRUPPI DI MINERALI

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LEZIONE 4 - I MAGGIORI GRUPPI DI MINERALI

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Story telling

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Sintesi di un cristallo in laboratorio. Solfato di rame (calcantite) e cloruro di sodio (salgemma). Preparare prima due cristalli per velocizzare. Scheda di laboratorio (Obiettivo, materiali, procedimento, osservazioni). Definizione di struttura cristallina e di cella elementare. Valutazione schede di laboratorio.

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How to grow beautiful crystals of salt - do your chemical experiment!

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Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thoisoi2 Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Thoisoi?ty=h Music: http://audiomicro.com Interesting chemical experiments: http://www.m.chemicum.com/ Hello everyone, today we'll be growing beautiful single crystals. Crystals can be grown from almost any salt, however, for a better result I suggest using the copper sulfate one. Of course, you may also use an ordinary table salt for growing the crystals.

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Verifiche in itinere: scheda di laboratorio + lavoro di gruppo + verifica orale. Prova esperta "Magic Crystal Tree"?

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Impress your friends by creating a colorful Christmas tree out of salt crystals, cardboard, and a few other household items. Within a day, you'll have a colorful snow-covered tree that seemed to magically sprout from nothing!

SICK Science® is a registered trademark of Steve Spangler, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

How Does It Work

You probably have us figured out... that Magic Crystal Tree isn't magic at all! You're right, but do you know the science behind the crystalline growth of the cardboard tree?

The main principles at work here are capillary action, evaporation, crystaliztion, and saturation.

Capillary action is the same process that enables plants and trees to take water and nutrients from the soil up through their stems or trunks and into their leaves, branches, flowers, and fruit. The cardboard tree uses the same process to draw the magic solution up through its entire shape until the cardboard has soaked itself in the solution.

After the magic solution has been drawn throughout the tree by capillary action, the solution begins to evaporate. The evaporation process is accelerated by the ammonia, which evaporates more quickly than water. As the magic solution evaporates off of the tree, the crystals are left behind on the branches of the tree.

The magic crystals that are left behind are a combination of the Mrs. Stewart's Bluing and the table salt. The solution that you created is supersaturated by the bluing and salt that you add to the water. The bluing is a colloid, with many tiny particles suspending themselves within the water. It's just like when you shake up a snow globe, except the particles of bluing are much smaller than the snow. As the bluing and salt water make their way up the tree, the water begins evaporating. These means there is less water able to support the bluing particles and dissolved salt. This evaporation allows the salt and bluing particles to crystallize, resulting in your beautiful tree.

Science Fair Connection

Growing crystals on a cardboard tree is pretty cool, but it isn't a science fair project. You can create a science fair project by identifying a variable, or something that changes, in this experiment. Let's take a look at some of the variable options that might work.

Change the proportions of ingredients. For example, use extra salt to see how it affects the growth of the crystals.

Change the size or shape of the cardboard tree. How does this affect the way that the crystals grow?

That's just a couple of ideas, but you aren't limited to those! Try coming up with different ideas of variables and give them a try. Remember, you can only change one thing at a time. If you are testing different sizes of trees, make sure that the other factors are remaining the same!

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Impress your friends by creating a colorful Christmas tree out of salt crystals, cardboard, and a few other household items. Within a day, you'll have a colorful snow-covered tree that seemed to magically sprout from nothing! SICK Science® is a registered trademark of Steve Spangler, Inc. All Rights Reserved.