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William Wundts: one of the founding figures of modern psychology, father of experimental psychology

William James:  leader of the philosophical movement of Pragmatism and of the psychological movement of functionalism

Introspection:examination of one's own conscious thoughts and feelings

Functionalism: philosophy that considers mental life and behavior in terms of active adaptation to the person's environment

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Gestalt psychology: A movement of psychology founded in Germany in 1912, seeking to explain perception in terms of gestalts rather than by analyzing their constituents

Max Wetheimer
An Austro-Hungarian born psychologist who was one of the three founders of the Gestalt psychology.

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Sigmund Freud: Father of Psychoanalysis, put his patients  through cocaine to try and help cure them.

Was known as the talking method

The mind puts up defense mechanisms when conscience and when unconscience can be able to tap into the mind and understand things by analyzing the patients dreams

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Behaviorism: which emphasizes scientific and objective methods of investigation.

Known more as observational behavior

John Watson: Father of behaviorism psychology established the psychological  school of behaviorism

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Biopsychology: the study of how emotions, thoughts and behavior is affected by the brain and the nervous system

Darwinism: used to describe a range of political ideologies which are held to be compatible with the concept of evolution

Humanist perspective: formed as a reaction to psychoanalysis and behaviorism and stressed the importance of personal choice and responsibility

Cognitive Perspective: involve different explanations for human behavior

Social-Cultural Perspective: refers to how society and cultural in combination effect how a person thinks and feels