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Urban Issues and Challenges - Manchester - Knowledge Bank

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Urban Issues and Challenges - Manchester - Knowledge Bank

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Internet Geography Information about Manchester

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Urban Issues and Challenges - Rio - Knowledge Bank

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Urban Issues and Challenges - Rio - Knowledge Bank

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Rio de Janeiro Case Study - Rio, Brazil, a case study of urbanisation in a city in a New Emerging Economy (NEE). Explore causes and impacts.

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Changing Economic World - Knowledge Bank

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Changing Economic World - Knowledge Bank

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The Changing Economic World - Internet Geography

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AQA GCSE Geography - The changing economic world. Explore how countries are classified, how levels of development are decided and how reliable the indicators are.

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AQA Resource Management - Internet Geography

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AQA GCSE Geography - AQA Resource Management - resources to support teaching, learning and revision for Resource Management.

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Natural hazards pose major risks to people and property:

Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are the result of physical processes:

The effects of, and responses to, a tectonic hazard vary between areas of contrasting levels of wealth:

Management can reduce the effects of a tectonic hazard:

Weather Hazards

Global atmospheric circulation helps to determine patterns of weather and climate:

Tropical storms (hurricanes, cyclones, typhoons) develop as a result of particular physical conditions:

Tropical storms have significant effects on people and the environment:

The UK is affected by a number of weather hazards:

Extreme weather events in the UK have impacts on human activity:

An example of a recent extreme weather event in the UK to illustrate:

* social, economic and environmental impacts

* how management strategies can reduce risk.
Evidence that weather is becoming more extreme in the UK.
Climate change is the result of natural and human factors, and has a range of effects:
Evidence for climate change from the beginning of the Quaternary period to the present day.
Possible causes of climate change:

* natural factors - orbital changes, volcanic activity and solar output

* human factors - use of fossil fuels, agriculture and deforestation.
Overview of the effects of climate change on people and the environment.
Managing climate change involves both mitigation (reducing causes) and adaptation (responding to change):

Managing climate change:

* mitigation - alternative energy production, carbon capture, planting trees, international agreements

* adaptation - change in agricultural systems, managing water supply, reducing risk from rising sea levels.

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The Challenge of Natural Hazards - Internet Geography

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Natural hazards pose major risks to people and property: Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are the result of physical processes: The effects of, and responses to, a tectonic hazard vary between areas of contrasting levels of wealth: Management can reduce the effects of a tectonic hazard: Weather Hazards Global atmospheric circulation

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Ecosystems exist at a range of scales and involve the interaction between biotic and abiotic components.

Tropical rainforest ecosystems have a range of distinctive characteristics:

Deforestation has economic and environmental impacts:
Changing rates of deforestation.
A case study of a tropical rainforest to illustrate:

* causes of deforestation - subsistence and commercial farming, logging, road building, mineral extraction, energy development, settlement, population growth

Tropical rainforests need to be managed to be sustainable:

Hot desert ecosystems have a range of distinctive characteristics.

Development of hot desert environments creates opportunities and challenges:

A case study of a hot desert to illustrate:

development opportunities in hot desert environments: mineral extraction, energy, farming, tourism

challenges of developing hot desert environments: extreme temperatures, water supply, inaccessibility

Case studies: Sahara Desert - Western Desert - Thar Desert

Areas on the fringe of hot deserts are at risk of desertification.

Causes of desertification - climate change, population growth, removal of fuelwood, overgrazing, over-cultivation and soil erosion.

Strategies used to reduce the risk of desertification - water and soil management, tree planting and use of appropriate technology.

Cold environments (polar and tundra) have a range of distinctive characteristics:

Development of cold environments creates opportunities and challenges:

A case study of a cold environment (Alaska) to illustrate:

A case study of a cold environment (Svalbard) to illustrate:

Cold environments are at risk from economic development.

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Ecosystems exist at a range of scales and involve the interaction between biotic and abiotic components. Tropical rainforest ecosystems have a range of distinctive characteristics: Deforestation has economic and environmental impacts: Changing rates of deforestation.

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Physical Landscapes in the UK (Coasts & Glaciers) - Knowledge Bank

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Physical Landscapes in the UK (Coasts & Glaciers) - Knowledge Bank

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You will study 2 topics from coastal landscapes in the Uk, river landscapes in the UK and glacial landscapes in the UK.

The UK has a range of diverse landscapes.

Coastal Landscapes in the UK

The coast is shaped by a number of physical processes.

Wave types and characteristics - constructive and destructive waves

Coastal processes:

* weathering processes - mechanical, chemical

* mass movement - sliding, slumping and rock falls

* erosion - hydraulic power, abrasion and attrition

* transportation - longshore drift

* deposition - why sediment is deposited in coastal areas.

Distinctive coastal landforms are the result of rock type, structure and physical processes:

Different management strategies can be used to protect coastlines from the effects of physical processes

The costs and benefits of the following management strategies:

* hard engineering - sea walls, rock armour, gabions and groynes

* soft engineering - beach nourishment and reprofiling, dune regeneration

* managed retreat - coastal realignment.

An example of a coastal management scheme in the UK to show:

* the reasons for management

* the management strategy

* the resulting effects and conflicts.

River Landscapes in the UK

The shape of river valleys changes as rivers flow downstream:

The long profile and changing cross profile of a river and its valley.

Fluvial processes:

* erosion - hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition, solution, vertical and lateral erosion

* transportation - traction, saltation, suspension and solution

Distinctive fluvial landforms result from different physical processes:

Characteristics and formation of landforms resulting from erosion - interlocking spurs, waterfalls and gorges.

Characteristics and formation of landforms resulting from erosion and deposition - meanders and ox-bow lakes.

Characteristics and formation of landforms resulting from deposition - levées, floodplains and estuaries.
An example of a river valley in the UK to identify its major landforms of erosion and deposition.
Different management strategies can be used to protect river landscapes from the effects of flooding:

How physical and human factors affect the flood risk - precipitation, geology, relief and land use.
The use of hydrographs to show the relationship between precipitation and discharge.
The costs and benefits of the following management strategies:

* hard engineering - dams and reservoirs, straightening, embankments, flood relief channels

* soft engineering - flood warnings and preparation, floodplain zoning, planting trees and river restoration.

An example of a flood management scheme in the UK to show:

* why the scheme was required

* the management strategy

* the social, economic and environmental issues.

Glacial Landscapes in the UK

Ice was a powerful force in shaping the physical landscape of the UK:

Maximum extent of ice cover across the UK during the last ice age.

Glacial processes:

Distinctive glacial landforms result from different physical processes:

Glaciated upland areas provide opportunities for different economic activities, and management strategies can be used to reduce land use conflicts:

An overview of economic activities in glaciated upland areas - tourism, farming, forestry and quarrying.

Conflicts between different land use, and between development and conservation.

An example of a glaciated upland area in the UK used for tourism to show:

the attractions for tourists

social, economic and environmental impacts of tourism

strategies used to manage the impact of tourism.

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Physical Landscapes in the UK - Internet Geography

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You will study 2 topics from coastal landscapes in the Uk, river landscapes in the UK and glacial landscapes in the UK. The UK has a range of diverse landscapes. The coast is shaped by a number of physical processes.

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AQA | Resources | Past Papers & AQA Mark Schemes

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Prepare for your exams with the help of AQA Past Papers as revision aids and teachings resources.

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