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Choose ONE of the following economic institutions and answer questions about them using the internet:

1. The World Trade Organization

1. When was this organization founded? The World Trade Organization was founded on January 1, 1995.

2. Where is its headquarters? Its headquarters are found in New York City.

3. What is the goal of the organization? (Do NOT copy/paste the mission statement- summarize in your own words!) The goal of this organization is to establish non-discriminatory economic policies, free/open trade, fair competition in markets, reduce tariffs, and build a more inclusive trade system.

4. Is the United States involved in this organization? If so, how? If not, why not? Yes, the U.S. has been part of the WTO since it was first founded and even hosts its headquarters. This is due to its open market policies, directly opposing communism and supporting capitalist-like policies.

5. Are there any controversies surrounding this organization? If so, summarize them. Yes, but they're pretty general rather than showing a specific instance. Some examples include accusations of "stacking the court" or favoring corporations over people. However, on the website, the WTO directly addresses each of these accusations, falsifying them.

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Choose ONE of the following trade agreements and answer questions about them using the internet:

1. The European Union

1. When was this trade agreement signed? November 1, 1993

2. What countries are involved in this trade agreement? Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden

3. Discuss one controversy about this trade agreement.

One controversy of this trade agreement is the "Eurozone Crisis," an ongoing financial crisis present throughout Europe. This crisis has made many European countries unable to refinance their government debt without assistance from third parties. Another big controversy occurred in 2016, when the United Kingdom voted to leave the EU. It is speculated this was mainly due to their close ties to the U.S, amongst other factors.

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Choose ONE of the following multinational corporations and summarize a news story in which a multinational company  EITHER a) challenged the authority of a government OR b) is being challenged by a government on the principles and practices associated with free-market economics

Delta Airlines

a) Just this year, the CEO of Delta Airlines wrote to the Attorney General, asking him to create a new No-Fly List. Of course, the concept of a No-Fly List was already a civil liberties issue in the U.S and the new mention of it rekindled citizens' views toward the issue. Because the CEO asked the government to do something that citizens likely would not widely support, he indirectly challenged the government's authority through the request.

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9.5: Environmental Organizations & Consequences of Globalization

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9.5: Environmental Organizations & Consequences of Globalization

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Choose ONE of the following organizations and answer questions about them using the internet:

1. Earth Day

1. What is the focus of this organization? (What are they trying to accomplish?) Earth Day aims to activate people to join the worldwide environmental movement by educating them on the topic. Earth Day does this in both developed and less developed countries.

2. Research and summarize a recent protest they staged. What were they protesting? Where? How did they protest? What was the result? The most recent real protest I could find, due to COVID, was the Global Climate Strike that occurred from September 20-27 of 2019. They were protesting the continued ignorance of climate change. The protests demanded actions to be taken to address climate change. These protests did not occur in one place, rather, there were 4500 different locations found worldwide. They protested by striking from their school/job and taking to the streets with posters/signs. There were not any big governmental changes put in place in order to combat climate change in the effect of the strikes. However, these strikes increased the global effort of citizens in speaking against climate change/support measures to decrease climate change.

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Go to http://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/ and read the declaration

1. Choose the FIVE rights that you think are the most important (these can be the ones that are important to you personally, or the ones you think have the biggest impact on humanity) 1) Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person; 2) All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights; 3) Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control; 4) All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law; 5) Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.

2. Are there any rights on this list that you think should not be guaranteed human rights? If so, why not? Are there any rights that you think SHOULD be on the list, but aren’t? I think all rights on this list are appropriate to be guaranteed human rights. Of course, not every government respects these guaranteed rights, but I still believe they are important/appropriate. I can't think of any other rights that SHOULD be on the list, but aren't. They pretty much hit every point (and I don't think everyone has the freedom to bear arms).

3. Find a right on the list that is not guaranteed by the US government. Why do you think this right is not protected by the US government? A right not guaranteed by the U.S. government is present in Article 24 which states, "Everyone has the right to rest and leisure." I don't think this right is protected by the U.S. because they protect this right indirectly through labor laws and other governmental processes.

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Choose ONE of the following examples of anti-globalization responses to research and answer the questions about them:

1. “Battle of Seattle”

1. What happened during this event?/What led these companies to be created? Give some context around the event or creation of a company. During the winter of 1999, members of the World Trade Organization met in Seattle, Washington to discuss trade negotiations. However, overshadowing these meetings, protesters marched throughout Seattle, showing their belief that economies should not be globalized. The protests were loosely strewn together and not everyone was protesting the same thing. Generally, the protesters were protesting economic globalization.

2. What type of response is this to globalization? (Think SPICE themes) This is a social/political response to globalization.

3. How is this an anti-globalization response? This is an anti-globalization response as it shows direct opposition to globalized economies/economic ties. The protesters chose to protest when they did prove this. If they had chose to protest at any other time, it would have made their position less clear. However, the direct correlation to the WTO meeting makes their mission loud and clear.

4. What happened as a result of this response? As a result of this response, the media covered the story and not only showed the more violent side of the protests but also explained the protesters' message (anti-economic globalization). No political changes occurred, however, the protesters saw it as a success because it was the first anti-globalization effort shown in American media.

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9.8: International Organizations to Maintain World Peace

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9.8: International Organizations to Maintain World Peace

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Choose ONE of the following international organizations, research them on the internet (start with their official websites), and answer the questions about them:

1. The United Nations

1. When was this organization founded? This organization was founded on October 24, 1945.

2. Where is its headquarters? The UN headquarters are found in New York City.

3. What is the goal of the organization? (Do NOT copy/paste the mission statement- summarize in your own words!) The main goal of the UN is to ensure international peace and security. They try to minimize conflicts as much as possible, in hopes of preventing possible war.

4. Is/was the United States involved in this organization? If so, how? If not, why not? Yes, they are involved in the organization and they host its headquarters. The U.S, along with other big powers in WWII, agreed on the UN Charter after the war. They agreed on this charter in hopes of preventing future widescale wars (and wars in general).

5. Are there any controversies surrounding this organization? If so, summarize them. This controversy isn't one of a specific occasion, however, a lot of people are upset by the fact that the 5 permanent members (US, UK, France, China, and Russia) have the power to veto any decision. The power is not equally divided and the veto right makes it difficult to come to agreements at times.

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Choose one of the humanitarian organizations from the list below, and answer these questions about them:

1. World Health Organization (WHO)

1. When was this organization founded? The World Health Organization was founded April 7, 1948.

2. Where is its headquarters? The World Health Organization headquarters are found in Geneva, Switzerland.

3. What is/are its main goal(s)? The main goals of the World Health Organization includes ensuring worldwide health, serving the vulnerable, and providing universal health coverage.

4. Describe one current/recent issue that this organization has addressed, and how it address(ed) it. One current issue the WHO has addressed is COVID-19. This organization actually set the health standards throughout COVID-including masks and other precautionary measures. They were also the main organization that; set health standards, spread information concerning the disease, answered questions, and approved the vaccines.