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Theme three: Sterilizing Poor and/or Incarcerated African Americans 

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Theme three: Sterilizing Poor and/or Incarcerated African Americans 

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1. Provide specific examples of the various types of racism that can be seen in this documentary.  The film conveys the story of Kelli Dillon, one of over 1,000 women, most were black involuntarily sterilized. Racialized reproductive injustice,

2. How has the medical system fostered distrust in the African American community? The perception of mistrust from the African American community is largely caused by their previous experiences with the health care system, such as being ignored, not being taken seriously, not being monitored closely, and being diagnosed with diseases that white people have not.

3. State THREE strategies or programs that can address the issues raised. Encourage more Black people to go to medical school, get rid of racially motivated doctors, and educate incoming health professionals on others that look and think differently than they do.

4. Search online for a resource that helps you understand this topic more and post it to your Padlet. State why the resource shines some light on a perspective of this issue.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LbbFoikelGA I had no idea this had happened and the world needs to know. It is disturbing to have your rights taken away without consent.

5. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading, or audio material in this unit. It is illegal what happened to these women and the state should be sued. It's unconstitutional unethical and flat-out racist.

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"Belly of the Beast": Survivors of Forced Sterilizations in California's Prisons Fight for Justice

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Theme two: COVID19 and the African American Community 

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Theme two: COVID19 and the African American Community 

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1. Why do African Americans face higher COVID 19 rates according to the PEW Research articles? According to PEW Black people are more likely to live in densely populated areas, more likely to have other health conditions that put them at higher risk, and less likely to have access to adequate health care.

2. How are the mistrust of the health care system and the general distrust of medical doctors during the time of COVID 19 affecting the African American community? The mistrust may prevent people from getting care and are less likely to take medical advice, keep follow up appointments or refill prescriptions.

3. State THREE strategies that you feel can address the issues raised in questions one and two. Making healthcare accessible to all no matter the income. Following up with patient care. Addressing major issues of health prior to it getting worst.

4. Search online for a resource that helps you understand this topic more and post it to your Padlet. State why the resource shines some light on a perspective of this issue. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KWkbwcSkLyQ I was able to see the statistics of the death among those that died from covid 19 and their hypothesis on thinking that Black people were susceptible to covid 19 medications

5. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading, or audio material in this unit. I learned that not having health insurance shouldn't keep anyone away from seeing doctors. And pre-existing conditions amongst those of color should be treated promptly so that we don't see such high cases of pandemic deaths in the future.

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Why is coronavirus (COVID-19) death rate so high for African Americans?

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1. What are the outcomes of institutionally racist policy choices that exclude the needs of low-income minorities in the health care system? This is a cause for concern as this is the reason for a high mortality rate amongst Black women and newborn Black babies.

2. How does the intersectionality of unconscious bias, distrust in the healthcare system, lack of health insurance, and lack of health education affect the African American community? It affects the African American communities in more ways than one because of these biases within the healthcare system, a lot of African Americans aren't being cared for properly or treated with priority.

3. State THREE strategies that you feel can address the issues raised in questions one and two. It would be the need for reform, stopping future healthcare workers in their tracks by addressing their biases and educating those in the field on what biases can become if not corrected.

4. Search online for a resource that helps you understand this topic more and post it to your Padlet. State why the resource shines some light on a perspective of this issue.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d2tv3Vzy0VU

5. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading, or audio material in this unit. Racism goes far beyond the workplace it is shown in healthcare and makes you think why all the hate? It really is a sad situation but it is our job to stay informed and to always speak out.

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1. After reading this Washington Post article
Links to an external site., can you explain why there are disparities between the amount of pain medication an African American woman would receive compared to other women in the same hospital complaining of pain? Racial bias in pain assessment and treatment recommendations and false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites.

2. What factors are contributing to the disproportionate number of African American infants who die in childbirth and African American mothers who die in childbirth? Factors that contribute would be lack of attention, stressors from dealing with racial bias within the healthcare settings as well as community and work bias.

3. What are some solutions that can be implemented to improve the experiences of African American mothers giving birth and African American infant survival rates? Personally, there needs to be reform in the healthcare system. Black mothers need to be taken more seriously and closely monitored since statistics show that they and their infants have a higher rate of dying. I also believe that there needs to be reform in terms of the providers caring for them; they need to change how they view black people, and more black people should pursue a degree in healthcare.

4. Find one resource that helps you understand this theme and post it to your Padlet. State the resources' significance to this unit's material. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FAPT8ywaCvA This brought tears to my eyes as I also had a traumatic experience when I had my son in 2011. It's so triggering to see how far racism goes, even in healthcare.

5. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading, or audio material in this unit.  Racism is so evil, and it's heartbreaking to see how many Black mothers die because of implicit bias. Black women need to be a priority in America.

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Black maternal mortality in US and its slave origins

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Theme 3: Similarities of Religious Practices

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Theme 3: Similarities of Religious Practices

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1. State at least three similarities that you can identify between African American religious practices and African religious practices. Roughly eight-in-ten (79%) African Americans self-identify as Christian, as do seven-in-ten whites and 77% of Latinos, according to Pew Research Center’s 2014 Religious Landscape Study. Most black Christians and about half of all African Americans (53%) are associated with historically black Protestant churches, according to the study. Smaller shares of African Americans identify with evangelical Protestantism (14%), Catholicism (5%), mainline Protestantism (4%) and Islam (2%). The first predominantly black denominations in the U.S. were founded in the late 18th century, some by free black people. Today, the largest historically black church in the U.S. is the National Baptist Convention U.S.A. Inc. Other large historically black churches include the Church of God in Christ, the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME) 3.African Americans are more religious than whites and Latinos

1. State at least three differences that you can identify between African American religious practices and African religious practices. Just over half of Black Americans say belief in God is necessary for morality 2. Most Black adults say the Bible is the word of God, but no consensus over whether it should be understood literally 3. Black adults more likely than U.S. adults overall to believe in God of the Bible

2. Give an example of how the history of slavery affected the religious practices of African Americans. The Atlantic slave trade, Western nations used religious doctrine to justify the enslavement of Africans. Although the bodies of the slaves were suffering, their souls were saved through conversion to Christianity. At the time of the Civil War, religion was still used to rationalize slavery, but it was also used by abolitionists to oppose the institution, and by the slaves themselves to resist bondage.

3. Please locate a resource that helps you understand this theme. Analyze the resource and state the most important thing you learned from it about this topic. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HG9MebuJMEs

4. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit. Opened my eyes so much and the fact that old beliefs were taken away and brainwashing them into praising another way is pure insanity.

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1. What is the significance of the Yoruba Orisha faith also known as Santeria. the Yoruba orishas work as the intermediaries between man and the supreme creator, and the rest of the divine world. Yoruba religious celebrations have a social purpose; they promote cultural values and help to preserve the rich heritage of the people who follow them.

2. How does this faith provide a connection back to Africa for those African Americans choosing to join the faith? Dating back to before the beginning of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade in the 16th Century, the Yoruba faith and its people constituted a large portion of Africa’s population. Located primarily in Nigeria and its neighboring countries of Benin and Togo, they established their culture along the West African coast.

3. How does the Yoruba faith treat health and healing in their religion? Practiced medicine in the Yoruba tradition is known as oogun, with healing known as iwosan, and traditionally encompasses the use of combining herbs with incantations and/or sacrifice to the orisha thought to be responsible for the illness or disease or the orisha that can serve as a catalyst for healing (Oyaronke Olajubu).

4. Please locate a resource that helps you understand this theme. Analyze the resource and state the most important thing you learned from it about this topic. https://www.ukessays.com/essays/religion/perspectives-of-healing-and-medicine-in-african-culture-religion-essay.php#:~:text=Practiced%20medicine%20in%20the%20Yoruba%20tradition%20is%20known,serve%20as%20a%20catalyst%20for%20healing%20%28Oyaronke%20Olajubu%29.

5. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit. It was interesting to learn about this religion as I had never heard about it and it's been around for so long. very interesting.

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Theme 1: Religion in the African American Community

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Theme 1: Religion in the African American Community

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1. What are the significant differences in terms of religious and spiritual practices of the African American community compared to the larger community? Most Black adults rely on prayer to help make major decisions, and view opposing racism as essential to their religious faith.

2. Why do Black Millenials exhibit different religious habits compared to older African Americans who more traditionally attended historically Black protestant churches?  Black Millennials and members of Generation Z are less likely to rely on prayer, less likely to have grown up in Black churches and less likely to say religion is an important part of their lives. Fewer attend religious services, and those who do attend are less likely to go to a predominantly Black congregation.

1. How does attending church affect the mental health of African Americans? African-Americans who regularly attend church are far less likely to suffer from mental-health issues, including depression and suicide

2. Please locate a resource that helps you understand this theme. Analyze the resource and state the most important thing you learned from it about this topic. https://thedaily.case.edu/study-african-americans-attend-church-less-likely-suffer-mental-health-issues-dont/#:~:text=African-Americans%20who%20regularly%20attend%20church%20are%20far%20less,on%20a%20national%20survey%20of%203%2C000%20study%20participants.

3. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit. Spirituality is strong in the African American communities and brings a sense of comfort.

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Case Western Reserve University researchers examine how social relationships affect depression, suicide and other issues

African-Americans who regularly attend church are far less likely to suffer from mental-health issues, including depression and suicide, according to new research from Case Western Reserve University.

The findings, recently published in the Journal of Community Psychology, were based on a national survey of 3,000 study participants. (The African-American ethnic distinction is defined as participants with family origins from Africa.)

"In a nutshell, being in touch with family and church members is good for mental health," said Ann W. Nguyen, an assistant professor at the Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences at Case Western Reserve.

"People who are more emotionally close to church members have lower rates of suicide. Religion is support for [many] African-Americans."

Having strong connections with family, friends and church members can be beneficial to mental health, Nguyen explained, because they serve as a guard against a range of psychiatric problems, such as depression, suicide, psychological distress and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

What African-Americans describe as "family" generally is broader-think cousins, aunts and uncles-than what white people describe, according to respondents.

"There's more frequency of contact-African-Americans are more in touch with church members-adding a layer of benefit," Nguyen said.

Key takeaways

Among the African-Americans who participated in this study:

People who had more contact with church and family members had less depressive symptoms.

Those who received more emotional support from family had less depressive symptoms.

People who experienced more negative interactions with church and family members had more depressive symptoms.

"They likely reached out to the church community for support," Nguyen said. "That's what we call 'resource mobilization.'"

When people experience conflicts in their relationships, those connections may also be a source of stress and negatively impact mental health, she added.

For instance, Nguyen's research found that negative interactions with family and church members may be linked to obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression and PTSD.

Previous research has shown that African-Americans have lower rates of depression that whites. However, despite being less prevalent, depression is more severe, chronic, persistent and disabling for African-Americans than for whites. These disparities constitute an excess burden of depression for African-Americans, according to the new research.

For most respondents, negative interactions tended to be infrequent, with positive interactions tending to far outnumber the negative ones. Those negative interactions include how often study participants reported that family members criticize and/or take advantage of them and place excessive demands on them.

Among the few studies dedicated specifically to the mental health of African-Americans in relation to social structures, the research complements a body of data analyzing family and church separately-but not the interaction and its effect on mental health, Nguyen said.

Nguyen conducted the study with researchers from the University of Michigan, with financial support from the National Institute on Aging, and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences.
For more information, contact Colin McEwen at colin.mcewen@case.edu.

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Study: African-Americans who attend church less likely to suffer mental-health issues than those who don't

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Case Western Reserve University researchers examine how social relationships affect depression, suicide and other issues African-Americans who regularly attend church are far less likely to suffer from mental-health issues, including depression and suicide, according to new research from Case Western Reserve University. The findings, recently published in the Journal of Community Psychology, were based on [...]

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Part 2: The Language of African American Vernacular English

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Part 2: The Language of African American Vernacular English

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1. What is the difference between Standard American English and Ebonics/African American Vernacular English? AAVE specifically refers to the form of Black standard English.

2. How is speaking in Ebonics/African American Vernacular English in the educational classroom traditionally viewed? According to the video provided, in some cases, there are teachers that fully embrace ebonics and others that are uncomfortable, which is unfortunate and often times frowned upon.

3. How can the strengths of dual language speakers be utilized to empower students in the classroom? What will happen is that the population of bilingual students serves as a tool for native English speakers to learn a foreign language and that should not be the purpose of dual language. It should be a balanced context that allows both populations to thrive in two languages to develop their full potential.

4. Search online for a resource that helps you understand this topic more and post it to your Padlet. State why the resource shines some light on a perspective of this issue. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K7FIky7wplI This video demonstrates that "Black English" traces back its original origins of Africa.

5. State one strategy that you think could be implemented to counter the negative stereotypes associated with speaking Ebonics or African American Vernacular English as identified in the video and reading. One strategy would be to meet people where they are at. Learn to embrace differences among people and let people be who they choose to be without judgment.

6. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit. I learned that stereotyping and thinking of others as less than others based on the way they speak stems from racism. I believe that people should be able to express themselves in a way that should be accepted by all.

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'Black English': How AAVE Developed From Slave Resistance & African Dialects | The Breakdown

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1. What does it mean to code switch and how does this affect an African American's success in life? Code switching is shifting or manipulating one's behaviors to appeal to a different crowd or audience. Some African Americans shift racial behaviors in predominantly white workplaces to accommodate the norms of white cultural values therefore feeling like it will grant more opportunities in life.

2. How does expecting code switching threaten diversity? It threatens diversity for the simple fact that one isn't being true to who they are and trying to fit into this one mind fit all category that takes away from who the person truly is.

3. How do the effects of code switching intersect with a persons' mental health? I can assume that it doesn't feel authentic to have to behave in such a way that goes against who you are. It's almost as if you have to wear a false mask to appease others and that has to be exhausting.

4. Search online for a resource that helps you understand this topic more and post it to your Padlet. State why the resource shines some light on a perspective of this issue.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A5GIfaexHwM this resource put everything about code-switching and shed light on the fact that African Americans depending on who they are in front of need to wear multiple masks to conform into who they think the other person wants them to be.

5. State a strategy that you feel can be successful to address the misconceptions about code switching that exist inside and outside of the African American community. A strategy I feel would be useful is to always be yourself no matter what people think. Either they are going to love you for who you are or they can dismiss themselves.

6. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit. I have had instances where I too felt like I needed to change who I was in order to feel accepted and I had no idea there was a term for this. I am learning that I needed to just be myself always.

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1. State the most important thing that you learned from this unit's readings and how it has deepened your understanding of Black male and female interpersonal and close relationships. There were a few factors that deepened my understanding of Black male and Black female interpersonal relationships, and it's the fact that unknowingly been an agenda to keep the Black male/female apart. But I sit here and ask myself why? Is it to limit future generations of full Black people? It's so interesting trying to break up and digest these theories. I understood both male and female sides as far as wanting a better life and wanting someone to be kind and sensitive. It's almost like a silent war.

2. How do long-standing stereotypes in the media of African American females being portrayed as property (i.e. in rap videos etc.) affect the psyche of those seeing these images and the African American woman's dating prospects? I feel that it puts them into a bubble for being stereotyped as the non-commital gold-digging type which is nowhere near true. And to the Black rappers that promote this agenda without even realizing it is also sad.

3. What factors are contributing to the rising number of single Black unmarried females? The fact that a lot of African American men are dating and marrying others, high incarceration rates, and being underemployed. =(

4. Why is there a stigma in the African American community against the LGBTQ community? Because of homophobia that has been pushed into some churches and into their minds.

5. Find one resource that helps you understand these themes and post it to your padlet. State the resources' significance to this unit's material. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/XXJMXt3V1YM

In this clip she talks about is there even enough qualified Black men for Black women, and as we saw in this unit a lot of Black men are choosing to marry others outside of their for different reasons such as social status and for simply wanting a mixed baby. It also shows the struggles that Black successful women go through when trying to navigate and stay within their race when looking to settle down.

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Are there enough qualified black men for black women?

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https://www.youtube.com/live/IBtg6uWqM0o?feature=share

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d3G54ayV_1U

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JZYxOYqm38

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The impact of incarceration on Black families with Shenique Davis and Bahiyyah Muhammad

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Bahiyyah Muhammad, Howard University, and Shenique Davis, City University of New York (CUNY) Borough of Manhattan Community College

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Reflecting on the materials provided for this module I couldnt help but to feel sad, I shed a tear because a lot of the information provided is triggering. How can a system be so cruel to Black people? This system as I mentioned before in previous pallets, this system is corrupt and racist. Granted, we have come a long way, but to strip people of their fundamental rights, a chance to do something and make it in this world, just to get shut down in every aspect, is incorrect. I am glad that America plans to repay African Americans for what we have endured. No amount of money will ever be able to pay for the spirit taken away, the traumas and pains of pulling the rug from right underneath their feet and affecting generation after generation. It is not fair, and at the end of it all, they will pay for all the pain and suffering and have to take it up with God.

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1. STRENGTHS: What are the strengths of Black neighborhoods and communities, and how have they manifested over time? With time we see that many Black communities once thrived and were also taken away because of racial injustices. We see that Black communities still rise above by creating safe spaces within these neighborhoods and communities to create not only a safe space but a space to thrive, a place to lean on one another with love.

2. WEAKNESSES: What are the weaknesses of Black neighborhoods and communities, and state one solution to an issue you have raised? We see that some Black communities are still filled with impoverishment and underserved. There's a rise in Black men with mental health in these communities, essentially affecting Black families as a whole. With that, there is a surplus of unemployed Black men, which also affects the home-buying experience.

3. OPPORTUNITIES: What are three ways in which Black neighborhoods and communities could play a role in the progressive movement of the Black community? 1) Providing more mental health assistance 2) Creating more safe spaces for Black communities to thrive 3) Creating more opportunities within their communities so that despite what the oppress says, we too can thrive and live the "True American Dream" but with this will take a lot of courage, resources, and empathy. Apathy will only allow things to stay stagnant.

4. THREATS: What are three ways in which Black neighborhoods and communities could have a detrimental effect on the progressive movement of the Black community? 1) Staying in the mindset of not wanting to do better 2) Not actively pursing the things that are attainable. 3) Feeling of defeat and not addressing mental health matters.

5. Find one resource that helps you understand these themes and post it to your Padlet. State the resources' significance to this unit's material.

6. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit. I learned that America is not fair. I get that life isn't fair but to continue to treat Black people the way they do is horrible. Many things that happen in our society, such as being denied home loans, poor healthcare, and unequal opportunities, can be fixed. It's sad to see that with all of this, it seems like it's becoming the standard and the norm, and it shouldn't be this way.

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Racial Segregation and Concentrated Poverty: The History of Housing in Black America

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1. What would you say are the psychological consequences of experiencing subconscious racial slights as a person of color? This affects the person of color because it gives this notion that they are not good enough, which can sometimes cause feelings of loneliness and being unheard on many levels.

2. What stereotypes are perpetuated when racial microaggressions are thrown around towards a person of color? An example is asking a person of color where they went to school and how come they talk to properly. That is insinuating a stereotype that people of color can't have a higher level of education and causes the aggressor confusion.

3. Considering Intersectionality, what other issues does this theme affect in the African American community? A few examples of this would be wages white men get higher pay grade than that of people of color.

4. State how these theories of intersectionality, racial microaggressions, bias, or white privilege affect one's understanding of "sense of self" or ethnic identity? It has shaped my sense of self by being able to bring me into new ways of thinking. I don't have to stoop down to those that are ignorant but what I can do is educate those that don't know what they don't know. It has also shaped the way I will interact with those in the future and truly watching what I say.

5. Search online for a resource that helps you understand this topic more and post it to your Padlet. State why the resource shines some light on a perspective of this issue. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xv0-G5KbkkE

6. State a strategy that you feel can be successful to address the use of microaggressions especially when the offender is unaware of how their reactions affect people of color. I believe that moving with the intent to teach rather than react negatively would be a great start. There are ways of correcting someone without being hurtful.

7. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit.  I learned that I don't always think before speaking I have learned to speak when I am sure of what I am going to say and have patience.

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1. What factors do you feel contribute to the disproportionately low numbers of African Americans represented in STEM education classes and the STEM field? The disparity is that students typically gravitate toward those that look like them and in the work of STEM there aren't many African American stem professors. Another factor would include socioeconomic factors and African American students being underrepresented and having to drop out to help parents at home.

2. What role do teachers play in shaping the expectations of students and fostering the interest of students in STEM education classes? Teachers should focus on their students' needs, cap these interests, and include more stem projects to make them engaging for full student participation.

3. How do you think the implicit bias
Links to an external site. Of educators affects minority students who express interest in these subjects? The effects of implicit bias on minority students are indirectly linked to excessive discipline, lack of encouragement and motivation, lower resources and funding in urban communities, and lower teacher expectations.

4. How does this information contribute to the Imposter Phenomenon in the educational system and the workplace for African Americans? Because of this, I feel that African Americans are automatically judged, and therefore, African Americans think that they have to work extra harder to fit in and prove themselves.

5. State one strategy that could be implemented to counter the struggles identified in the video and reading. I suggest encouraging more students of color to go for a degree in STEM despite what others think.

6. State one thing you learned or one that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading, or audio material in this unit. In the slides, I found it very disheartening how the mind of the African American child is being molded and shaped into what this society wants them to be. Systemic racism starts way before the child is even old enough to understand, and it's sickening.

1. What is the Imposter Syndrome? Not experiencing success internally and not believing in oneself.

7. How does the Imposter Syndrom affect a student in their educational journey AND into their career experiences? The Imposter syndrome has a huge on one's self-esteem so if that gets in the way, the student will not reach his full potential. If they do and carry on into his career, he will not feel that he deserves to be in that position and will fail to perform at the level he is capable of.

8. How does the Imposter Syndrome specifically affect the self-esteem and mental health of African American women in the workplace
Links to an external site.? Imposter Syndrome affects the self-esteem and mental health of African Americans in the workplace due to the fact that there aren't many examples of people who look like them or share commonalities such as upbringing and background so it puts pressure on the African American person not to be their most authentic self to feel like they belong which in turn causes feelings of uncertainty, sadness, and feelings of isolation.

9. How do race and gender
Links to an external site. play into the African American woman's experience in the workplace? African American women often feel overlooked, undervalued, and unheard. Most are very hardworking and work up to their position but sometimes feel inadequate due to needing more people who look like them.

10. State one strategy that you believe would be successful in addressing this issue and improving the workplace for women of color. One way to address this issue is by raising the issue of lack of diversity in the workplace, no matter how uncomfortable it may be to some. Everyone should be heard specifically women of color as being outnumbered in the workplace typically leads to being overlooked, prejudiced, and racist.

11. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading, or audio material in this unit. Inclusion in the workplace should be addressed as well as the hiring of more women of color that are qualified to do so. It should be standard across the board.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7EFe66jdJBM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9uhG_fkac1A

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xpGKTIKfS4c

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1. Please post a response to the audio clip above. What types of "isms" can you identify in the audio clip above? What kinds of racism did you notice in the audio clip? Give examples. I placed 4 "Isms" in the clip; the first was classism; for instance, the professor was asked where he was born and where he was from. The second ism I heard was racism when the woman was questioned for speaking so well, and the person asked assumed that because she was black, she was not educated on that level. I also heard sexism as the caller asked how she was a lesbian because she didn't fit the "description" of a lesbian. Lastly, I heard ageism and how children aren't being taught about racism as much due to their age and society's thinking they could not understand.

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1. What types of racism from slide two have you seen worldwide? What examples from slide three have you seen in the world? In slide 2, I have witnessed a victim to a certain extent, but the one I've seen in the world is Institutional Racism. An example is that 13% of black males are in the U.S., and the jail system makes up about 38% of black men, with Asian men following. I have chosen structural racism for slide three because, despite the days of jim crow they have found a way, and by what they mean, the government has found ways to keep black males imprisoned. My question is, what is this society so afraid of? Why do they fear us? I have concluded that they are scared of the truth. If you don't know, African Americans are royal, in tune with their higher self when tapped in. African Americans were the first people on God's green earth and the true Kings and Queens that ruled this earth. I believe that there has been and will always be an agenda to keep the black male down, so long as they hide the truth and pump drugs into their neighborhoods, continue to build liquor stores, sell processed foods, and keep the black male in poverty how will they ever know who and what they indeed are? The entire system is a scam to keep the black male down, imprisoned, and leave the black mother to raise her children alone so that the chain and the generational bonds stay in place. So yes, this system was built on the backs of enslaved people and lies. And the more the black King studies and knows himself, he will be set free.

2. From the chapter reading, do you think that we live in a post-racial society? Please state why or why not. We do not live in a post-racial society. I believe that people are still racist. They know how to hide it very well.

3. What is your definition of race and do you think race is a social construct, a biological construct, or something else? Please explain your reasoning. Race is a group of people with similar features, customs, beliefs, and culture. Race is a social construct to keep people divided. We are all human, breathing the same air and bleeding the same blood.

4. Search and find one resource regarding race being a social or biological concept and post it to your Padlet. State its significance and if you agree or disagree with the resource based on your definition of race. The significance of the video I posted is accurate because, as stated, it's not about race but a way to put you in a category that can ultimately put you in a life-or-death situation.

5. In this chapter, I learned that race and racism are still very real; people may not always show you, but the numbers don't lie as far as imprisonment, higher paying jobs, and economic crisis and impoverishment. Racism is a social construct to keep people in place while building up the other.

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I chose this Ted talk because it helped put into words some of the things I have experienced being biracial. I am proud to represent both races that have made me who I am today. I shouldn't have to choose who I am because I know myself.

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Things Not to Say to Someone of Mixed Race | Peri Patterson & Ayanna Bell | TEDxYouth@AnnArbor

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1. State your score after taking the Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale. My score for the Self-Esteem test is 21.

2. State what your score means to you and your understanding of your self-esteem. According to Rosenberg's Self-Esteem scale, my score 21 is within the normal range. I can agree with this because although I am not perfect it confirmed that when I am feeling down or low that it is completely normal.

3. State why you believe your score is the number that it is. I can say that I have worked hard to get within a normal range. Five years ago, I struggled with depression, riddled with anxiety with no sense or purpose that I felt was right for me. I had my days of not feeling good enough until I decided to go to talk therapy. Therapy changed my life for the better. Every day I choose to learn from my traumas and work on them. It hasn't always been easy but I give myself grace. I firmly believe that when you know yourself and honestly know yourself, you will be able to liberate your mind, free your soul and step into who you are meant to be all along. Every day is a work in progress. No one is perfect, but I can guarantee that it will all work itself out if you stay persistent. You have to believe.

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1. My Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure score is 45

2. This score means that I know my cultures, where I come from, and my ancestral lineage. I have a solid connection to my roots, and I am constantly learning, and it makes me proud of who I am and where I come from.

3. This means I have a strong connection with my African American and Polynesian roots.

4. The analysis confirmed that I am in touch with who I am.

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1. Natural Measures is one of many that I identify with, being that natural parents were listed as my mom is of Samoan/Hawaiian descent and my father is African American. I acknowledge that I am mixed, identify with both, and celebrate and honor both ethnicities.

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1. I have mixed emotions regarding Ubuntu in the African American culture. On the one hand, I say yes because we have those that fight with their every being for equality and to educate and highlight the essence of African American culture, and then some don't.

2. The comparisons and similarities I see between African American and African cultures are that they are proud to be black, which is fantastic. The differences I see are that Africans and African Americans are more in touch with their higher spirituality and have a sense of self.

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Theme 3: Positive Sense of Self Brainstorm 

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Theme 3: Positive Sense of Self Brainstorm 

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The first step to having a positive sense of self is truly understanding where you come from and the experiences that you have gone through in this lifetime. Anyone can escape from bad situations and become jaded, but you must ask yourself whether we stay down. Martin Luther King once stated, "Understanding oneself cannot negate the problem himself.” With that said, it is so easy to fight fire with fire. But you must rise above love and know that words may hurt. Still, suppose you continue to educate yourself and know you are great. In that case, those experiences are merely a stepping stone to a greater you that will, in turn, add to your wisdom, and there’s no more incredible feeling than having a tremendous sense of self. Not to say that any of this is easy, but all a work in progress.

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Theme 2: First Experience with Race Activity 

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Theme 2: First Experience with Race Activity 

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1.    What was your first experience with race? I remember moving from a predominantly black and Hispanic neighborhood in Compton to Garden Grove Ca which at the time in the 90s mainly was a white, Asian community. I recall walking to a friend's house that lived on the corner of our street, and as I was walking, a white man on a bike riding by looked at me and called me the “n” word.

2.    How old were you? I was eight years old

3.    What emotions do you associate with the experience? Thinking back, I was frightened, not because he called me the N-word but because I thought and still think about how hateful he was when I was just a little girl walking to a friend's house.

4.    Have you ever talked about the experience? I speak about it only when asked and have talked to my 11-year-old son. My son is a black young man, and I like to speak to him about things like this so that he is aware that as lovely as he may be, the world may not always love him simply because of the color of his skin.

5.    How have your early experiences with race shaped your worldview? It has opened my eyes tremendously. When you’re a child, you don’t see color or race being an issue, but being an adult and having gone through so many of these experiences and being a multi-racial person, I still proudly identify with being black. It's disheartening at times that I still go through moments of racism, but at the same time, I still show love and compassion toward those that hate me. I don’t fight fire with fire, but I still try to show respect because I pity those that are racist simply because they are ignorant.

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1.    Who am I? I am a mother; I am a friend, a daughter

2.    Who do I pretend to be? I pretend to be a person that has no imperfections.

3.    Who do people think I am? People think that I am someone that has it all together.

4.    Who do I wish I could be? I hope I can be more confident as far as stepping into my power and living in my truth without caring how others perceive me to be,

5.    How has race or ethnic identity affected any of these responses? It has played a role because I am half black; there's a narrative that I am aggressive and have an attitude when I am just assertive.

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THEORY 2: 7 Concepts of Afrocentric Psychology

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THEORY 2: 7 Concepts of Afrocentric Psychology

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1. Human authenticity is within the African American community, and I have witnessed and been a part of this because every weekend, I like to volunteer for a particular non-profit organization that gives back to specific underserved communities, and most of our volunteers are youth and young adults that live and serve in the same community.

2. Spiritness must be the least present in African American culture. I chose this because I see and feel the difference between the African communities that are in touch with their higher self through sprites, and if we could incorporate more of that, it would be a game changer.

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Kuumba: Creativity
In the African American culture, creativity never goes unnoticed in looks, poetry, fashion, entertainment, and music. Others are constantly appropriating African Americans and are a heavy influence in society.