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Sparked by a dispute over the annexation of Texas by the United States and a long-standing dispute over the southern border.

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1492: Columbus Discovers the “New World”       

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1492: Columbus Discovers the “New World”       

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Launched centuries of European exploration and colonization of the American continent.

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Destroyed the Aztec empire, and the Spanish began to consolidate control over what became the colony of New Spain

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The first English attempt at a permanent and stable English settlement in North America. It failed.

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War that pitted Native Americans against English settlers and their Indian allies. Paved the way for additional English settlements

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The first popular uprising in the American colonies. It was long viewed as an early revolt against English tyranny

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Part of the Seven Years' War in Europe. Britain and France fought for control of the Ohio Valley and Canada. The colonies fought under British commanders. Britain eventually won, and gained control of all of the remaining French possessions in Canada.

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A group of colonists disguised as Mohawk Indians board three British tea ships and dump 342 chests of tea into the harbor in protest of the British Parliament's Tea Act of 1773.

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A Philadelphia meeting that brought together representatives from each of the colonies, except Georgia, to discuss their response to the British "Intolerable Acts."

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A resolution created by the Continental Congress, which broke all ties between colonists and the British, creating the idea in America that the colonies were now "states."

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An uprising of rural, indebted farmers in western Massachusetts, against Boston creditors. It began in 1786 and lasted half a year, threatening the economic interests of the business elite and contributing to the demise of the Articles of Confederation.

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A Philadelphia meeting that brought together representatives from each of the colonies, except Georgia, to discuss the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

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Printed in newspapers, this was largely a warning against political parties and permanent foreign alliances.

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A land deal between the United States and France, in which the U.S. acquired approximately 827,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River for $15 million.

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A war between the U.S. and Great Britain caused by American outrage over the impressment of American sailors by the British, the British seizure of American ships, and British aid to the Indians attacking the Americans on the western frontier.

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General Robert Ross, leading a British force, occupied Washington, D.C., and set fire to many public buildings following the American defeat at the Battle of Bladensburg.

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Americans moved away from self-sufficient agriculture to the production of goods for sale.

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Congress admitted Maine as a free state so that Missouri could become a slave state and prohibited slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase territory north of 36°30′, the southern boundary of Missouri.

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Women of all ages and some men gathered to discuss the rights and conditions of women. They wrote the Declaration of Sentiments, which, among other things, tried to get women the right to vote.

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Since slaves are property of their masters, a slave is not automatically granted his freedom when his master moves him to a free state or territory.

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Issued by Lincoln to free all of the slaves in the Confederate states. The slaves in border states loyal to the Union, however, remained enslaved. It only applied to Confederate states in rebellion.

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Where the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Ulysses S. Grant took place on April 9, 1865.

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John Wilkes Booth shot this leader in the head at Ford's Theatre, just days after the Civil War ended.

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Period after the Civil War during which Northern political leaders created plans for the governance of the South and a procedure for former Southern states to rejoin the Union.

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A labor protest rally in Chicago turned into a riot after someone threw a bomb at police. At least eight people died as a result of the violence that day. Despite a lack of evidence against them, eight radical labor activists were convicted in connection with the bombing.

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A violent strike in Pittsburgh over a decision to cut wages by nearly 20%. This strike ended with the destruction of the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel workers, one of the largest unions at the time.

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A nonviolent strike that brought down the railway system in most of the West over wages. President Cleveland shut it down because it was interfering with mail delivery.

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U.S. Supreme Court decision supporting the legality of Jim Crow laws that permitted or required separate but equal facilities for blacks and whites.

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A novel by Upton Sinclair that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago.

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A U.S. battleship exploded and sank in Havana Harbor; 260 Americans died. The sinking provided an excuse for those eager for war with Spain.

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War over European control of Cuba. America won and gained Guam, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and an alliance with Cuba.

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An uprising in China against foreign influence. Suppressed by an international force including Americans. Led to the 1911 Chinese revolution.

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A British passenger ship sunk by a German U-Boat during WWI. 128 Americans died. Shifted U.S. public opinion toward entering the war.

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The first modern global war, started by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Over 20 million died.

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A decade of major changes in American society: consumerism, technology, and artistic expression flourished.

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An economic crisis starting with the 1929 stock market crash. Marked by unemployment, poverty, and a long economic downturn.

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President FDR’s response to the Great Depression. Introduced economic reforms, social insurance, and job-creating public programs.

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The second global war, involving Axis and Allied powers. The U.S. entered after the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941.

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A 14-year-old African American, was brutally murdered in 1955 in Mississippi for allegedly whistling at a white woman, an event that played a significant role in the civil rights movement.

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A series of nonviolent protests initiated by African American college students at a Woolworth's lunch counter in Greensboro, NC.

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Assassinated on November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas, when he was shot while riding in a motorcade.

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Over 200,000 participants, including Martin Luther King Jr., gathered at the Lincoln Memorial advocating for equal rights.

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Assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee, when he was shot on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel.

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Enacted to address housing discrimination by prohibiting refusal to sell or rent based on race, etc.

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Marked the end of direct American involvement in the Vietnam War, following the signing of the Paris Peace Accords.

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Involved the break-in at the DNC headquarters, leading to Nixon's resignation in 1974.

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a political scandal in the 1980s involving the covert sale of weapons to Iran to fund Nicaraguan Contras, leading to investigations and convictions.

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a trade agreement signed in 1994 between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico, eliminating barriers to trade and investment.

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centered on charges of perjury and obstruction of justice related to his extramarital affair.

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the 2000 U.S. presidential election, marked by a Florida recount and a Supreme Court ruling that led to Bush's victory despite losing the popular vote.

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a global military and political campaign initiated by the U.S. after 9/11 to combat terrorism and its sponsors.

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a U.S. law passed after 9/11 granting expanded surveillance and law enforcement powers in the name of national security and counterterrorism efforts.