# data[].attributes.body
For predators, they can see front to side so that they can find prey faster. On the other hand, prey can see backsides, too. So that they can see if the predators come to them behind them. It means that even though predators come to them from behind, prey can still run away from predators.

According to the diagram, each prey's eyes, right eye and left eye, have a wider range of view than predators. Nevertheless, predators can focus and depend on the front view.

# data[].attributes.body
For the picture on the left it shows a Predators sense of vision. They have a less vision seen on their sides because they don't get hunted. They also have a better point of view from the front so they can look around for animals to hunt and eat. Their eyes are more on the front rather the sides so they can calculate depth rather than just looking for other predators. Their eyes most likely adapted from how they live, what they eat, and how they hunt. Forward facing eyes allow for binocular or stereoscopic vision, which allows an animal to know their surroundings. Predators need this depth perception to hunt and kill their prey.

The picture on the right depicts a preys sense of vision. Their vision is less focused to the front and rather on the sides to look and beware of predators. The eyes on the side also gives them a larger field of vision. Their vision with their both eyes are smaller than the predators because they have to look at whats sneaking up on them more than whats in the front and look out for themselves while eating. They almost have a 360 type of vision. They also don't have great depth perception.

# data[].attributes.body
In picture A the animal is most likely a herbivore because of the location of the eyes. When animals have eyes to the side they have a more wide rage of view which helps them find food around them. But in picture b the eyes are looking forward which helps the animal have a more accurate vision for hunting. The second difference between the two are that the first picture the teeth are very small and not sharp, while on the second picture the teeth are very thick and sharp which helps it cut through meat

# data[].attributes.body
The photo on the left shows a rabbit thats living in a grass field. The fur of the rabbit isn't that huge so that its body can be cool from the hot temperature. Their ears are also standing up to hear they're prey or predators movement better but also to be cautious of their surrounding. Also, the eyes are big so that it can see its surrounding better and more clearly.

The photo on the right shows a rabbit that's living in tundra. The colour of the skin matches the colour of the snow to help camouflage with the environment better to have a better chance of not getting eaten. The fur of the rabbit is big so that it helps the body temperature too not get too cold and so that it can maintain the average temperature. As I also said the ears are standing up to be cautious of its surrounding. They also have large and furry feet that help them move on top of the snow.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Chameleon

2. Giraffe

3. Centipede (?)

4. Owl

5. Cheetah

6. Snake

7. Bird

8. Wolf

9. Spider

10. Deer

11. Some kind of flat fish

# data[].attributes.body
its a cat thats like super smart and looks like a human.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Octopus
2. Fish
3.Chameleon
4. Owl
5. Worm
6. Tiger
7. Leopard
8. Sea Horse
9. Spider
10. Gazel
11. Zebra

# data[].attributes.body
1. has sharp wings to attack predators that are in the sky
2. Has sharp feet to attack it's predators
3. Has sharp tooth to rip apart it foods
4. The colour of the skin help it camouflage well

# data[].attributes.body
On the land, it can move fast, because it has a lot of legs. But when it is on the air, it can fly with wings which is from some hole things on its back. It shows real appearance when it finds prey that it can consume.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Octopus

2. Fish

3. Chameleon

4. Giraffe

5. Worm

6. Owl

7. Leopard

8. Snake

9. Bird

10. Sea spider

11. Sand dab

# data[].attributes.body
Deserts:

Low in humidity

Takes up ⅓ of the world's total land map

Can range extreme temper

Coral Reefs:

Like trees rings, coral reef’s limestone form layers that can tell us how the ocean’s conditions were like back then

Although they only cover 1% of the ocean floors, 25% of all marine creatures calls it their home

They get their colors from “zooxanthellae”, that lives in their tissues

Rainforest:

It can be found in almost every continent

Although rainforests only make up to 6% of the earth’s surface area, they are home to more than half of the world’s plants/animal species

About 70% of the plants used for cancer treatments are only found in rainforests

Tundra:

The coldest, harshest biomes with low rainfalls

Shrubs and other vegetations grow during the short summers ranging from 50 - 60 days

There's two types of tundras: Alpine (located on mountains with high altitudes where trees cannot grow) and Arctic (treeless regions located on top of mountains with cold and windy conditions).

I would like to visit Tundra and Desert biomes because I’m familiar with the other two biomes listed and I would like to explore new environments. Especially Tundra because of the wildlife and lovely views.

# data[].attributes.body
Picture A was a herbivore because its teeth were located farther and at the back of its mouth. Meaning that it was only designed for eating plants. Its eyes were located on the side of its face, making it evident that this animal was commonly preyed on and had lots of predators. It had adapted its eyes to be on both sides of its head so that it could see its predators on both sides. Its head was also streamlined shaped, this is so it could run faster and escape the predator.

Picture B was a carnivore, most likely an apex predator. It had four large front canines which were used to forcefully bite into its prey, killing it faster, and used to easily shred meat. Its eyes were centrally located so that it could clearly target its prey and attack it.

# data[].attributes.body
Has wings to fly all over the place
Strong legs to leap from tree to tree
Sticky feet to help stick to leaves when eating
Brown skin colour to camouflage
Eyes close together to hunt small bugs

# data[].attributes.body
1. Octopus
2. Fish
3.Chameleon
4.Owl
5. Worm
6. Tiger
7. Giraffe
8. Seahorse
9. Gazel
10. Leopard
11.Zebra

# data[].attributes.body
1. Octopus
2. Fish
3. Chameleon
4. Owl
5. Squid
6. Tiger
7. leopard
8. spider
9. Seahorse
10. butterfly
11. Frog

# data[].attributes.body
Desert
1. Receive less than 10 inches of rainfall each year
2. Has extreme temperature

Coral Reefs
1. Corals are made up of tiny animals called Polyps
2. Home for 25% of marine creatures
3. Take hundreds of years to form

Rainforest
1. Oldest living ecosystem
2. Can be found in every continent except Antartica

Tundra
1. The coldest and harshest biome
2. Permafrost has carbon that contributes to global warming

I would like to visit Coral Reefs and Rainforest because both have really diverse wildlife and ecosystem.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Chameleon
2.  giraffe
3. worm
4. owl
5. leopard
6. Frog?
7. bird
8. Zebra
9. Octopus
10. Gazel? or some similar animal
11. A type of fish? or aqua animal?

# data[].attributes.body
I would like to visit a Tundra. I've been researching Tundra's and have even written a poem on one so it's safe to say I enjoy and like learning about them. Despite the freezing temperatures (which I'm sure I probably wouldn't enjoy), the scenery and the wildlife would surely be worth visiting.

# data[].attributes.body
Design a living organism, animal, plant, monster, mythical creature, alien or anything (as long as it is living) and label all of its features that help it survive in a chosen habitat. Your adaptations can be physical or behavioural. Then snap a picture and upload it here!

# data[].attributes.body
Compare pictures below and on the right. Observe the differences. There are five differences shown. Each member of your group should choose ONLY ONE pair/ ONE picture and explain the explain the adaptation to their role/changes in surrounding. Make sure the picture you have chosen is different from your team members.

# data[].attributes.body
Animals camouflage to hide from their predators and prey. Watch this video of our Master of Camouflage and then open the pdf file and try to find and identify the 11 animals camouflaging against their background.

Bonus fun activity - When you are done, create your own camouflage picture somewhere in your home...be creative :) Post the pic below

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Hunting Octopus shows amazing color + texture changes.

# data[].attributes.body
Find two animals OR plants that are adapted to survive in the extreme conditions of the desert and the tundra. (one organism for the desert and one organism for the tundra).

Post a picture of them and describe what adaptations they have that help them survive in those conditions. Remember to state their feature and the reason of having those features. The animal you choose must be different from those of your classmates.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/adaptation-and-survival/6th-grade/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Any number of characteristics can vary among individuals of a given species - some may be larger, hairier, fight off infections better, or have smaller ears. These characteristics are largely determined by their genes, which are passed down from their parents and subsequently passed down to their own offspring. Some of these characteristics, or traits, provide competitive advantages like speed, strength, or attractiveness. If those traits are particularly helpful, individuals with those traits will produce more offspring than those without. Over generations, the number of individuals with that advantageous trait, or adaptation, will increase until it becomes a general attribute of the species.

Structural and Behavioral Adaptations

An adaptation can be structural, meaning it is a physical part of the organism. An adaptation can also be behavioral, affecting the way an organism responds to its environment.

An example of a structural adaptation is the way some plants have adapted to life in dry, hot deserts. Plants called succulents have adapted to this climate by storing water in their short, thick stems and leaves.

Seasonal migration is an example of a behavioral adaptation. Gray whales ( Eschrichtius robustus) migrate thousands of kilometers every year as they swim from the cold Arctic Ocean in summer to the warm waters off the coast of Mexico to winter. Grey whale calves are born in the warm southern water, and then travel in groups called pods to the nutrient-rich waters of the Arctic.

Adaptations that develop in response to one challenge sometimes help with or become co-opted for another. Feathers were probably first adaptations for tactile sense or regulating temperature. Later, feathers became longer and stiffer, allowing for gliding and then for flight. Such traits are called exaptations.

Some traits, on the other hand, lose their function when other adaptations become more important or when the environment changes. Evidence of these traits remain in a vestigial form - reduced or functionless. Whales and dolphins have vestigial leg bones, the remains of an adaptation (legs) that their ancestors used to walk.

Adaptations often develop in response to a change in the organisms' habitat.

A famous example of an animal adapting to a change in its environment is England's peppered moth ( Biston betularia). Prior to the 19th century, the most common type of this moth was cream-colored with darker spots. Few peppered moths were gray or black. Habitat

As the Industrial Revolution changed the environment, the appearance of the peppered moth changed. The darker-colored moths, which were rare, began to thrive in the urban atmosphere. Their sooty color blended in with the trees, which were stained by industrial pollution. Birds couldn't see the dark moths as well, so they ate the cream-colored moths instead. The cream-colored moths began to make a comeback after the United Kingdom passed laws that limited air pollution.

Sometimes, an adaptation or set of adaptations develops that splits one species into two. This process is known as speciation.

Speciation Marsupials in Oceania are an example of adaptive radiation, a type of speciation in which species develop to fill a variety of empty ecological niches. Marsupials, mammals that carry their developing young in pouches after a short pregnancy, arrived in Oceania before the land split from Asia. Placental mammals, animals that carry their young to term in the mother's womb, came to dominate every other continent, but not Oceania. Koalas ( Phascolarctos cinereus), for instance, adapted to feed on eucalyptus trees, which are native to Australia. The extinct Tasmanian tiger ( Thylacinus cynocephalus) was a carnivorous marsupial and adapted to the niche filled by big cats, like tigers, on other continents.

The cichlid fish found in many of Africa's lakes exhibit another type of speciation, sympatric speciation. Sympatric speciation is the opposite of physical isolation. It happens when species share the same habitat. Adaptations have allowed hundreds of varieties of cichlids to live in Lake Malawi. Each species of cichlid has a unique, specialized diet: One type of cichlid may eat only insects, another may eat only algae, another may feed only on other fish.

Organisms sometimes adapt with and to other organisms. This is called coadaptation. Certain flowers produce nectar to appeal to hummingbirds. Hummingbirds, in turn, have adapted long, thin beaks to extract the nectar from certain flowers. When a hummingbird goes to feed, it inadvertently picks up pollen from the anthers of the flowers, which is deposited on the stigma of the next flowers it visits. In this relationship, the hummingbird gets food, while the plant's pollen is distributed. The coadaptation is beneficial to both organisms.

Mimicry is another type of coadaptation. In mimicry, one organism has adapted to resemble another. The harmless king snake (sometimes called a milk snake) has adapted a color pattern that resembles the deadly coral snake. This mimicry keeps predators away from the king snake.

The mimic octopus ( Thaumoctopus mimicus) has behavioral as well as structural adaptations. This species of octopus can copy the look and movements of other animals, such as sea snakes, flatfish, jellyfish, and shrimp.

Coadaptation can also limit an organism's ability to adapt to new changes in their habitat. This can lead to co-extinction. In southern England, the large blue butterfly adapted to eat red ants. When human development reduced the red ants' habitat, the local extinction of the red ant led to the local extinction of the large blue butterfly.

Coadaptation

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Adaptation and Survival | National Geographic Society

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Any number of characteristics can vary among individuals of a given species - some may be larger, hairier, fight off infections better, or have smaller ears. These characteristics are largely determined by their genes, which are passed down from their parents and subsequently passed down to their own offspring.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/adaptation-and-survival/4th-grade/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Any number of characteristics can vary among individuals of a given species - some may be larger, hairier, fight off infections better, or have smaller ears. These characteristics are largely determined by their genes, which are passed down from their parents and subsequently passed down to their own offspring. Some of these characteristics, or traits, provide competitive advantages like speed, strength, or attractiveness. If those traits are particularly helpful, individuals with those traits will produce more offspring than those without. Over generations, the number of individuals with that advantageous trait, or adaptation, will increase until it becomes a general attribute of the species.

Structural and Behavioral Adaptations

An adaptation can be structural, meaning it is a physical part of the organism. An adaptation can also be behavioral, affecting the way an organism responds to its environment.

An example of a structural adaptation is the way some plants have adapted to life in dry, hot deserts. Plants called succulents have adapted to this climate by storing water in their short, thick stems and leaves.

Seasonal migration is an example of a behavioral adaptation. Gray whales ( Eschrichtius robustus) migrate thousands of kilometers every year as they swim from the cold Arctic Ocean in summer to the warm waters off the coast of Mexico to winter. Grey whale calves are born in the warm southern water, and then travel in groups called pods to the nutrient-rich waters of the Arctic.

Adaptations that develop in response to one challenge sometimes help with or become co-opted for another. Feathers were probably first adaptations for tactile sense or regulating temperature. Later, feathers became longer and stiffer, allowing for gliding and then for flight. Such traits are called exaptations.

Some traits, on the other hand, lose their function when other adaptations become more important or when the environment changes. Evidence of these traits remain in a vestigial form - reduced or functionless. Whales and dolphins have vestigial leg bones, the remains of an adaptation (legs) that their ancestors used to walk.

Adaptations often develop in response to a change in the organisms' habitat.

A famous example of an animal adapting to a change in its environment is England's peppered moth ( Biston betularia). Prior to the 19th century, the most common type of this moth was cream-colored with darker spots. Few peppered moths were gray or black. Habitat

As the Industrial Revolution changed the environment, the appearance of the peppered moth changed. The darker-colored moths, which were rare, began to thrive in the urban atmosphere. Their sooty color blended in with the trees, which were stained by industrial pollution. Birds couldn't see the dark moths as well, so they ate the cream-colored moths instead. The cream-colored moths began to make a comeback after the United Kingdom passed laws that limited air pollution.

Sometimes, an adaptation or set of adaptations develops that splits one species into two. This process is known as speciation.

Speciation Marsupials in Oceania are an example of adaptive radiation, a type of speciation in which species develop to fill a variety of empty ecological niches. Marsupials, mammals that carry their developing young in pouches after a short pregnancy, arrived in Oceania before the land split from Asia. Placental mammals, animals that carry their young to term in the mother's womb, came to dominate every other continent, but not Oceania. Koalas ( Phascolarctos cinereus), for instance, adapted to feed on eucalyptus trees, which are native to Australia. The extinct Tasmanian tiger ( Thylacinus cynocephalus) was a carnivorous marsupial and adapted to the niche filled by big cats, like tigers, on other continents.

The cichlid fish found in many of Africa's lakes exhibit another type of speciation, sympatric speciation. Sympatric speciation is the opposite of physical isolation. It happens when species share the same habitat. Adaptations have allowed hundreds of varieties of cichlids to live in Lake Malawi. Each species of cichlid has a unique, specialized diet: One type of cichlid may eat only insects, another may eat only algae, another may feed only on other fish.

Organisms sometimes adapt with and to other organisms. This is called coadaptation. Certain flowers produce nectar to appeal to hummingbirds. Hummingbirds, in turn, have adapted long, thin beaks to extract the nectar from certain flowers. When a hummingbird goes to feed, it inadvertently picks up pollen from the anthers of the flowers, which is deposited on the stigma of the next flowers it visits. In this relationship, the hummingbird gets food, while the plant's pollen is distributed. The coadaptation is beneficial to both organisms.

Mimicry is another type of coadaptation. In mimicry, one organism has adapted to resemble another. The harmless king snake (sometimes called a milk snake) has adapted a color pattern that resembles the deadly coral snake. This mimicry keeps predators away from the king snake.

The mimic octopus ( Thaumoctopus mimicus) has behavioral as well as structural adaptations. This species of octopus can copy the look and movements of other animals, such as sea snakes, flatfish, jellyfish, and shrimp.

Coadaptation can also limit an organism's ability to adapt to new changes in their habitat. This can lead to co-extinction. In southern England, the large blue butterfly adapted to eat red ants. When human development reduced the red ants' habitat, the local extinction of the red ant led to the local extinction of the large blue butterfly.

Coadaptation

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Adaptation and Survival | National Geographic Society

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Any number of characteristics can vary among individuals of a given species - some may be larger, hairier, fight off infections better, or have smaller ears. These characteristics are largely determined by their genes, which are passed down from their parents and subsequently passed down to their own offspring.

# data[].attributes.body
https://wwf.panda.org/discover/knowledge_hub/teacher_resources/webfieldtrips/hab_adaptation/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This means adapting to be able to survive the climatic conditions of the ecosystem, predators, and other species that compete for the same food and space. An adaptation is a modification or change in the organism's body or behaviour that helps it to survive. Explore the links given here to know more about habitats and how different plants and animals.

An animal may adapt to its habitat in different ways. It may be a physical or structural adaptation, just as the limbs of birds have modified into wings or the way the cheetah is shaped for running at a fast speed.

It may be in the way the body works in circulating and respiration, for instance the gills that fish have enable them to breathe in water. Or it may be the way the animal behaves whether it is hunting for food, or running fast to avoid predators or migrating to other places for food or survival. To know more about different types of adaptationsvisit the link.

An animal's environment consists of many different things. The climate, the kinds of food plants that grow in it, other animals that may be predators or competitors- the animal must learn to adapt to each of these factors in order to survive. With increasing population growth and human activity that disturbs the natural habitat, animals must learn to adapt to these kind of threats as well.

Animals in the wild can only live in places they are adapted to. They must have the right kind of habitat where they can find the food and space they need.Visit the link for a brief overview of how animals adapt to their habitat.

Did you know that animals camouflage themselves so they can adapt to their environment? Adaptation can protect animals from predators or from harsh weather. Many birds can hide in the tall grass and weeds and insects can change their colour to blend into the surroundings. This makes it difficult for predators to seek them out for food.

Some animals, like the apple snail, can survive in different ecosystems- from swamps, ditches and ponds to lakes and rivers. It has a lung/gills combination that reflects its adaptation to habitats with oxygen poor water. This is often the case in swamps and shallow waters. To know more about how the apple snail can survive in different habitatsvisit the link.

In the harsh cold climate of Alaska, the animals have learnt to adapt to the weather by storing food in their body and protecting themselves from the cold with thick furs. Human inhabitants in Alaska have also learnt to cope with the environment by building shelters that insulate and hold the heat, and yet do not allow the structure to melt. To know more about thisgo to this website.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This means adapting to be able to survive the climatic conditions of the ecosystem, predators, and other species that compete for the same food and space. An adaptation is a modification or change in the organism's body or behaviour that helps it to survive.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/adaptation/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Biology, Ecology, Conservation

Image

Photograph by Paul Zahl

In evolutionary theory, adaptation is the biological mechanism by which organisms adjust to new environments or to changes in their current environment. Although scientists discussed adaptation prior to the 1800s, it was not until then that Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace developed the theory of natural selection.

Wallace believed that the evolution of organisms was connected in some way with adaptation of organisms to changing environmental conditions. In developing the theory of evolution by natural selection, Wallace and Darwin both went beyond simple adaptation by explaining how organisms adapt and evolve. The idea of natural selection is that traits that can be passed down allow organisms to adapt to the environment better than other organisms of the same species. This enables better survival and reproduction compared with other members of the species, leading to evolution.

Organisms can adapt to an environment in different ways. They can adapt biologically, meaning they alter body functions. An example of biological adaptation can be seen in the bodies of people living at high altitudes, such as Tibet. Tibetans thrive at altitudes where oxygen levels are up to 40 percent lower than at sea level. Breathing air that thin would cause most people to get sick, but Tibetans' bodies have evolved changes in their body chemistry. Most people can survive at high altitudes for a short time because their bodies raise their levels of hemoglobin, a protein that transports oxygen in the blood. However, continuously high levels of hemoglobin are dangerous, so increased hemoglobin levels are not a good solution to high-altitude survival in the long term. Tibetans seemed to have evolved genetic mutations that allow them to use oxygen far more efficently without the need for extra hemoglobin.

Organisms can also exhibit behavioral adaptation. One example of behavioral adaptation is how emperor penguins in Antarctica crowd together to share their warmth in the middle of winter.

Scientists who studied adaptation prior to the development of evolutionary theory included Georges Louis Leclerc Comte de Buffon. He was a French mathematician who believed that organisms changed over time by adapting to the environments of their geographical locations. Another French thinker, Jean Baptiste Lamarck, proposed that animals could adapt, pass on their adaptations to their offspring, and therefore evolve. The example he gave stated the ancestors of giraffes might have adapted to a shortage of food from short trees by stretching their necks to reach higher branches. In Lamarck's thinking, the offspring of a giraffe that stretched its neck would then inherit a slightly longer neck. Lamarck theorized that behaviors aquired in a giraffe's lifetime would affect its offspring. However, it was Darwin's concept of natural selection, wherein favorable traits like a long neck in giraffes suvived not because of aquired skills, but because only giraffes that had long enough necks to feed themselves survived long enough to reproduce. Natural selection, then, provides a more compelling mechanism for adaptation and evolution than Lamarck's theories.

National Geographic Society

July 14, 2022

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Evolutionary adaptation, or simply adaptation, is the adjustment of organisms to their environment in order to improve their chances at survival in that environment.

# data[].attributes.body
Choose one of the following articles to read. Choose 5 new words you learnt and find out what it means. Then, create a clue to these 5 words and record an audio giving these clues so that your classmates can guess them. I have posted an example below.

Be sure to listen to your classmates clues and suggest answers for those words you classmates have chosen.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RT6x5GVPFG8

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vijLre760w

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZiULxLLP32s

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4crvs-KTBw

# data[].attributes.body
Below are a few videos describing different biome on Earth. Watch them all, and state 2 - 3 things that make these biomes unique. Then, choose 2 places you might want to visit for a month to study these places and explain why you have chosen then.

# data[].attributes.body
How does deserts form?
What is desertification?
Why do rainforests have the largest ecosystem and the most diverse range of animals?
What kind of social economic issues and human development cause deforestation?
Why does the melting of glaciers contribute to even more global warming?

# data[].attributes.body
1. Chameleon
2. Giraffe
3. Worm
4. Owl
5. Cheetah
6. TIger
7 Girrafe
8. Spider
9. Spider
10.Deer
11. Fish