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Kafka’s Outside the law has been analyzed from numerous critical perspectives, among which the Marxist interpretation offers a particularly vital framework. This essay employs a close reading of the text to analyze the law not as a set of rules but as an alienated social structure. Marxism argues that in capitalist theory, the social structures created by human become independent and turn back to dominate the people. In Outside the law, The law itself is an abstract, inaccessible structure, yet it exerts immense power. Both the doorkeeper and the man from the country are subservient to its invisible authority.

Crucially, the man internalizes this hierarchy, willingly accepting his own subordination and the doorkeeper's repressed status, thereby ensuring his own exclusion from a law that was never meant to admit him. Ultimately, through a Marxist lens, the parable reveals that the most effective systems of power are those we impose upon ourselves.

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Marxism is used by many people as a methodology for literature interpretation and in this article, Marxism will be used to interpret Outside the Law. The central argument of this article is Outside the Law indicates that revolution is the only way for working class to obtain the power. In this article, the first part is a brief introduction about Marxism. The second part is literature review, and it will talk about how other writers use Marxism for literature interpretation. The third part is to connect Marxism with Outside the Law. The last is to make a conclusion.

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We are going to argue that Kafka’s Outside the Law is a parable of class conflict and a critique of legal system, using a Marxist perspective to read this text. The man from the country is linked with the voiceless proletariat. The gatekeeper and the gate represent the oppressive difference of state that the working class cannot overcome. The “law” is not equally available to everyone but a tool of the capitalism, the ruling class of the society. In this essay, first we will introduce historical context of the text and the author. Then a literature review will be given. Furthermore, we will analyze several aspects of the text using a Marxist reading.

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Outside the law critically illustrates the presence of legal system through the lens of Maxism. Kafka wishes the working class can take actions to overthrow the current government and change preserving existing power structure.

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In the text, the author is depicting the social environment that the central crime not as a simple moral failure, but as a direct consequence of class conflict and economic exploitation. The content reveals that the legal system is not neutral but serves as a tool for the dominating class to access power and property. By analyzing the economic pressures on the characters and their position outside the legal superstructure, this paper will demonstrate how their actions constitute an unconscious form of class struggle. Ultimately, this passage reveals that the true antagonist in the story is not an individual, but the oppressive nature of the capitalist system itself.

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In "Outside the Law", the author depicts a story about class and power inequality in capitalist society. The man who tries to enter the Law represents powerless people of working class who want justice and fairness, while the bookkeeper who blocks his way stands for the ruling elites that controls access to those rights. The man's long wait and eventual death show how the poor and powerless are kept out by systems that only serve the interests of the rich and the powerful. In this way, Roditi’s story uses a simple scene to reveal how social and legal institutions serve not as instruments of equality and fail to provide true justice, but help maintain class hierarchy.

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In Outside the Law, Kafka illustrates the conflict between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat from a Marxist perspective. On the one hand, he reveals the divide between these two social classes by depicting how the man is trapped outside the law while the doorkeeper holds the authority to deny him entry. On the other hand, Kafka also highlights the limitations of the lower classes by showing that the man, who symbolizes the proletariat, does not take any action to fight for his right to be accepted by the law. Instead, he passively waits and unquestioningly trusts the doorkeeper's authority. Through a Marxist lens, what Kafka aims to reveal is that the lower class must break free from the control of the upper class and actively strive to claim their rights.

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In the text Outside the Law, the author is depicting how capitalist legal systems serve as tools of bourgeois class oppression. From Marxist literary theory, the "law" in this text symbolizes bourgeois ideology. It seems to be accessible to all, but actually serves the ruling class. And the gatekeeper represents bourgeois power. The man from the country, who stands for the proletariat, waits his whole life for entry, blinded by the illusion of the law’s fairness. In conclusion, this text reveals the conflicts between classes and the injustice of society.

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In the text, the author depicts a man who waits for entering the law even until he die. Marxist literary theory showed in this story in the perspective of class disparity and ideology which displays some issues in the society at that time. The following sections will be interpreted in a detailed way on how the specific parts show and what the characters means with regarding to the two aspects.

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This paper offers a Marxist literary analysis of Kafka’s “Before the Law，”interpreting it as an analogy for how capitalist legal institutions act as ideological state apparatuses that perpetuate class inequality through limited access and mystification. The central thesis is that the interaction between the gatekeeper and the man from the country demonstrates how the law maintains dominance not through open coercion, but by instilling false hope, imposing procedural barriers, and framing systemic exclusion as personal failure. The paper will proceed by first framing law as an ideological apparatus, then mapping the gatekeeper as a petty-bourgeois functionary and the man from the country as a proletarian subject, and finally discussing how the text's narrative strategies naturalize inequality and what this implies for contemporary legal subjectivity. With its dual promise of universal access and its true goal of securing class dominance through psychological manipulation and procedural delay, this approach exemplifies the duality at the heart of bourgeois legality.

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In the text, the author is arguing how systemic power operates to exploit and enslave ordinary people within a class-based society. In the narrative, the man is perpetually barred from a law he believes is meant for him. We can interpret this plot as an allegory for the proletariats's exclusion from the means of production and the opaque superstructures that enforce class hierarchy. And the inaccessible doorkeeper becomes a symbol of the state apparatus and its mystifying bureaucracy, which maintains the power of the ruling class not merely through overt force, but by fostering a debilitating internalized subservience in the "man from the country." In conclusion, Kafka uses this story to reveal a searing critique of capitalist alienation and the ideological function of the law.