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Even though its military successes, the Muslim community was unable too maintain unity as various groups fought for power

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At first Muslims conquered Spain in 711,Soon the Umayyad controlled the region in 750.

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After the last calliph murdered in 661 AD, a family named Umayyads rose to power.

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They moved the capital of the Muslim empire to Damascus in Syria

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The last surviving Umayyad prince ,Abd al-Rahman fled to his region in 755 that was founded in the Umayyad Dynasty in 756.

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Al-Andalus flourished under Umayyad Dynasty,created a good economy.

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The majority group, the Sunni, took on Umayyad rule. The Shi'ite believed that only members of Muhammad's family, could rule as caliph

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Al-Andalus built lots of beautiful buildings,He also created the Great Mosque,one of his greatest creation ever.

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To govern their growing territory, the Umayyads set up an structured bureaucracy

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The Cordoba became the most celebrated place of learning, it's huge libary had up to 40,000 books.

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This is the Dome of the Rock, it is an octagonal shrine in Jerusalem built around 691-692 by the Umayyad caliph

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A rival clan called the Abbasids who were descendants of Muhammad's uncle, took control of the empire.

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Non-Arad converts and Shit'ite lent support to the Abbasids, who moved the capital to Bagdad in central Iraq

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This is the Great Mosque of Cordoba. It is known for reflecting centuries of Islamic and Christian rule.

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The Abbasids ruled during a prosperous golden age in Muslim history.

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They built a vast army that relied on mostly Turkish mercenaries, or hired soldiers.

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In 1258 an invading group from central Asia called the Mongols stormed Bagdad and killed the last Abbasid caliph

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The Safavid,Shi'ite Dynasty ,soon became rivals of the Sunni Ottomans.

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The empire arose when a leader named Ismail united with the Persian kingdom, and made it an independent state in 1501.

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This is the golden age. It spanning roughly fron the 8th to 13th centery. It was a period of significant intellectual, cultural, and economic prosperity for the Islamic world.

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In Osman's time, the Anatolian peninsula was a patchwork of Turkish principalities in between the crumbling Byzantine Empire and the weaken Sultanate of the Seljuk of Rum.

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Osman expanded their territory through a mixture of strategic political alliances and military conflict with these neighbors.

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After Osman's death his son Orhan established a sophisticated military organization and tax collection system geared towards funding quick territorial expansion.

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The military employed a mixture of Turkic warriors, Byzantine, and other Balkan Christian converts.

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They collected young Christian boys and converted them to Islam, training them to become the backbone of a fierce military known as the Janissaries.

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The grand mosques and palaces built during its golden age, which mixed Islamic and Byzantine styles.

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Ismail took place for the Persian title for king

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The Safavids and the ottomans had a war that lasted over 100 years.

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Safavid reached its peak between 1588 and 1629

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They created beautiful magnificent bulidins like mosques.

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The Mughals were nomads from east Asia that invaded India

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In 1556,The Mughals leader Akbar the great came to the throne at the age of 13.

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The Mughal empire reached its peak under Akbar's grandson, Shah Jahan.

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The empire became famous or its wealth and dazzling splendor.

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Shah Jahan commisioned India's most famous building (Taj Mahal) in the memory of his late wife.

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the synthesis of Persian, central Asia and indigenous India.