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- Concepts of Phonetics and Phonology, places of articulation, articulators involved in sound production.

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- Concepts of Phonetics and Phonology, places of articulation, articulators involved in sound production.

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Voiced sounds: These are sounds that are produced when the vocal cords vibrate. "To understand voiced consonants, it is important to become familiar with the mechanism of the vocal cords. When we speak, the air exhaled from the lungs passes through the vocal cords, which can open or close. When pronouncing a voiced consonant, the vocal cords partially close, allowing them to vibrate and generate a characteristic sound."(ideasaprender,2024)

Voiceless sounds: They are sounds that are produced without the vibration of the vocal cords. "In the pronunciation of voiceless consonants, the articulatory organs come together similarly to voiced consonants, but in the absence of vibration. Placing your hand on your throat while pronouncing these sounds can help identify the lack of vibration"(ideasaprender,2024)

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Speech Matters Speech Therapydyspraxia Of Speech - Speech Matters  40C

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Sonidos Fonemas Boca Clip Arte Conjunto 9F

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The falling intonation occurs when the voice lowers in pitch at the end of a sentence. It is common in declarative sentences, 'wh-' questions (what, who, where, etc.), and firm commands. It is used to indicate that the idea has concluded or that the speaker is confident in what they are saying.

Examples:

She is a teacher

Final statement delivered with certainty.

Where are you going?

'Wh' question that ends with descending tone.

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Rising intonation happens when the voice goes up in pitch at the end of a sentence. It is commonly used in yes/no questions, to express doubt or surprise, and sometimes when the speaker has not finished speaking.

Examples:

1. Are you ready?
Yes/no question with rising intonation.

2. Did she call you?

Another yes/no question with a rising tone.

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Content words are those that provide the main meaning in a sentence. They include nouns, main verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. These words communicate the essential idea of the message and are emphasized when we speak, especially in English.

Examples:

Teacher (noun)

Run (verb)

In the sentence "The teacher runs every morning," the words teacher and runs are content words because they carry the key information of the message.

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Functional words are those that do not have a strong intrinsic meaning, but are essential for building the grammatical structure of a sentence. These words connect, organize, or show relationships between content words.They include: prepositions, conjunctions, pronouns, articles, auxiliaries, and determiners.

Examples:

The (article)

And (conjunction)

In the sentence 'The teacher and the student are talking', the words 'the' and 'and' are functional: they help to connect and structure the message, but do not contribute a specific meaning on their own.

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Entendiendo los voiced consonants: características y ejemplos. (2024, mayo 26). IdeasAprender.es. https://ideasaprender.es/entendiendo-los-voiced-consonants-caracteristicas-y-ejemplos/