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Carbohydrates are sugars and starches that provide quick energy. Containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and are the most common of the four major types of macromolecules.

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Starches

Lactose

Fructose

Sucrose

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The monomer of carbohydrates is a monosaccharide with the basic formula of a carbon, two hydrogen and an oxygen molecule (CH 2 0) 12

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Amino acids are the monomers that make up proteins. Each amino acid has the same fundamental structure, which consists of a central carbon atom, also known as the alpha (α) carbon, bonded to an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), and to a hydrogen atom.

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Cartain proteins provide a scaffolding that maintains the shape of cells. Proteins make up the majority of muscle tissues. Many proteins are enzymes that speed up chemical reactions in cells and others are antibodies. They bond to forein substances in the body and target them for destruction. Other proteins help carry messages or materials in and out of cells or around the body.

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Antibodies

Enzymes

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Lipids have no monomer they are fats. (Hydrocarbon Chains) Lipids' monomers are glycerol and fatty acids.

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Storing energy

Fatty cells

Hormones

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Triglycerides also called fat is a stored energy in animals. Phospholipids are a major component of the membranes surronding the cells of all organisms. Steroids or sterol cholesterol is an important part of the cell membranes and plays a vital role in the body. other steroids are male and female sex hormones.

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The monomers that compose DNA and RNA are called nucleotides.

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Nucleic acids contain the info needed for cells to make proteins. This information is passed from a body cell to its daughter cells when the cell divides. Its also passed from parents to their offsprings when organisms reproduce. DNA and RNA have different functions relating to the genetic code and proteins. DNA contains the genetic instructions for the correct sequence of amino acids and proteins. RNA uses the information in DNA to assemble the amino acids to make the proteins.

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DNA

RNA