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Qualitative and quantitative research are two primary approaches used in research methods:

1. Qualitative Research:

- Focuses on exploring and understanding phenomena through in-depth exploration of attitudes, behaviors, and experiences.

- Utilizes methods such as interviews, observations, and focus groups to gather non-numerical data.

- Emphasizes subjective interpretation and seeks to uncover underlying meanings and patterns.

- Often used in social sciences, anthropology, and psychology to explore complex phenomena in natural settings.

2. Quantitative Research:

- Focuses on quantifying phenomena and relationships through numerical data analysis.

- Utilizes methods such as surveys, experiments, and statistical analysis to gather and analyze numerical data.

- Emphasizes objective measurement and seeks to identify patterns and relationships through statistical analysis.

- Often used in natural sciences, economics, and psychology to test hypotheses and generalize findings to larger populations.

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Quantitative and qualitative research are two fundamental approaches in the field of research, each offering distinct methodologies and objectives. Quantitative research involves the collection and analysis of numerical data to uncover patterns, relationships, and trends. It employs structured instruments such as surveys, experiments, and statistical analyses to measure variables and test hypotheses. This approach aims for generalizability and statistical significance, seeking to quantify phenomena and draw conclusions based on numerical evidence. Conversely, qualitative research focuses on understanding phenomena from participants' perspectives, emphasizing depth and context over numerical data. It utilizes techniques like interviews, observations, and content analysis to explore meanings, experiences, and social processes. Rather than seeking to generalize findings, qualitative research aims for rich, detailed descriptions and interpretations of phenomena. While quantitative research prioritizes objectivity and replicability, qualitative research emphasizes subjectivity and the researcher's role in interpreting data. Both approaches offer valuable insights and are often used in combination to provide a comprehensive understanding of complex phenomena.

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Research and data analysis can be approached from two main perspectives: qualitative and quantitative. The main distinctions between qualitative and quantitative research are as follows:

Type of Data:

Qualitative research:

This type of study involves gathering non- numerical data, Including narratives, words, Images, and observations. It seeks to comprehend the significance and individualized experiences of people or communities.

Quantitative research:

This type of study entails

gathering numerical data and applying statistical techniques to analyze it. Its objectives are to quantify, measure, and establish correlations between variables.

Design of Research:

Qualitative research:

To collect data, open-ended questions, focus groups, interviews. and observations are frequently used in qualitative research. Rich. descriptive data is generated and a phenomenon can be explored in depth

Quantitative research:

To gather data for quantitative research, experiments, organized surveys, and statistical analysis are usually used.

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Kristel Marie C. Mahinay

1. Qualitative research differs from quantitative research in its objectives, techniques, and design. Qualitative research aims to gain insights into phenomena, groups, or experiences that cannot be objectively measured or quantified using mathematics. Instead of seeking to uncover precise answers or statistics in a controlled environment like quantitative research, qualitative research is more exploratory, drawing upon data sources such as photographs, journal entries, video footage, and interviews.

2. Quantitative research tackles questions from different angles compared to qualitative research. Instead of probing for subjective meaning by asking exploratory “how?” and “why?” questions, quantitative research provides precise causal explanations that can be measured and communicated mathematically. While qualitative researchers might visit subjects in their homes or otherwise in the field, quantitative research is usually conducted in a controlled environment. Instead of gaining insight or understanding into a subjective, context-dependent issue, as is the case with qualitative research, the goal is instead to obtain objective information, such as determining the best time to undergo a specific medical procedure.

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EDDISON S. RUTOR 1. Definition:

Qualitative Research: This approach is exploratory and seeks to understand a phenomenon in its natural setting from the perspective of the people involved. It uses methods like interviews, focus groups, and observation to gather data.

Quantitative Research: Structured research that focuses on measuring and analyzing numerical data ¹. 2.Data Collection:

Qualitative Research: Collects non-numeric data, such as words, images, and observations. This data is often subjective and can be challenging to analyze.

Quantitative Research: Gathers numerical data, such as survey responses or experimental measurements. This data is objective and easier to analyze.

Data Analysis:

Qualitative Research: Utilizes an interpretive approach to analyze data. Researchers aim to understand the meaning behind the data by identifying patterns, themes, and relationships.

Quantitative Research: Employs statistical analysis to identify patterns and relationships. Mathematical formulas and statistical tests are used to analyze the data.

Purpose:

Qualitative Research: Often used to gain a deeper understanding of a phenomenon or generate hypotheses for further research. Commonly applied in fields like anthropology, sociology, and psychology.

Quantitative Research: Used to test hypotheses or make predictions about a phenomenon. Commonly applied in fields like economics, engineering, and biology.

Differences Summary:

Qualitative Research:

Data type: Non-numeric (words, images, observations)

Data collection: Open-ended, flexible, interactive (interviews, focus groups, observation)

Sample size: Small and non-random

Data analysis: Interpretive, inductive, exploratory

Examples: Anthropology, sociology, psychology

Quantitative Research:

Data type: Numeric (surveys, experiments, measurements)

Data collection: Structured, standardized, fixed (surveys, experiments)

Sample size: Large and often random

Data analysis: Statistical, deductive, confirmatory

Examples: Economics, engineering, biology

In summary, qualitative research delves into subjective experiences and complex phenomena, while quantitative research focuses on objective measurements and simpler phenomena ¹

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If you’ve browsed a university course catalog, you might have noticed research-themed classes and wondered, “What is qualitative vs. quantitative study?” For example, suppose you’ve explored National University’s regionally accredited nursing and healthcare programs. In that case, you may have come across classes with names like Quantitative Analysis (CLS 401), offered as part of our BS in Clinical Laboratory Science, or noticed program outcomes that include the ability to analyze qualitative and quantitative data.

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Research and data analysis can be approached from two main perspectives: qualitative and quantitative. The main distinctions between qualitative and quantitative research are as follows: Type of Data: - Qualitative research: This type of study involves gathering non-numerical data, including narratives, words, images, and observations. It seeks to comprehend the significance and individualized experiences of people or communities. - Quantitative research: This type of study entails gathering numerical data and applying statistical techniques to analyze it. Its objectives are to quantify, measure, and establish correlations between variables. Design of Research: - Qualitative research: To collect data, open-ended questions, focus groups, interviews, and observations are frequently used in qualitative research. Rich, descriptive data is generated and a phenomenon can be explored in depth. - Quantitative research: To gather data for quantitative research, experiments, organized surveys, and statistical analysis are usually used.

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In general, quantitative research seeks to understand the causal or correlational relationship between variables through testing hypotheses, whereas qualitative research seeks to understand a phenomenon within a real-world context through the use of interviews and observation. Both types of research are valid, and certain research topics are better suited to one approach or the other. However, it is important to understand the differences between qualitative and quantitative research so that you will be able to conduct an informed critique and analysis of any articles that you read, because you will understand the different advantages, disadvantages, and influencing factors for each approach.

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●Qualitative

-Qualitative research is a type of research that explores and provides deeper insights into real-world problems.[1] Instead of collecting numerical data points or intervene or introduce treatments just like in quantitative research, qualitative research helps generate hypotheses as well as further investigate

-Qualitative research is a process of naturalistic inquiry that seeks an in-depth understanding of social phenomena within their natural setting. It focuses on the "why" rather than the "what" of social phenomena and relies on the direct experiences of human beings as meaning-making agents in their every day lives.

-Five examples of qualitative research include observations, interviews, focus groups, surveys, and secondary research.

-Qualitative data describes qualities or characteristics. It is collected using questionnaires, interviews, or observation, and frequently appears in narrative form. For example, it could be notes taken during a focus group on the quality of the food at Cafe Mac, or responses from an open-ended questionnaire.

●Quantitative

-Quantitative research is a research strategy that focuses on quantifying the collection and analysis of data.It is formed from a deductive approach where emphasis is placed on the testing of theory, shaped by empiricist and positivist philosophies.

-The objective of quantitative research is to develop and employ mathematical models, theories, and hypotheses pertaining to phenomena. The process of measurement is central to quantitative research because it provides the fundamental connection between empirical observation and mathematical expression of quantitative relationships.

-Quantitative data is any data that is in numerical form such as statistics, percentages, etc.[4] The researcher analyses the data with the help of statistics and hopes the numbers will yield an unbiased result that can be generalized to some larger population. Qualitative research, on the other hand, inquires deeply into specific experiences, with the intention of describing and exploring meaning through text, narrative, or visual-based data, by developing themes exclusive to that set of participants.

-Quantitative research is widely used in psychology, economics, demography, sociology, marketing, community health, health & human development, gender studies, and political science; and less frequently in anthropology and history. Research in mathematical sciences, such as physics, is also "quantitative" by definition, though this use of the term differs in context. In the social sciences, the term relates to empirical methods originating in both philosophical positivism and the history of statistics, in contrast with qualitative research methods.

●Differentiate Qualitative and Quatitative

-Quantitative data is numbers-based, countable, or measurable.

-Quantitative observations involve measuring or counting something and expressing the result in numerical form

-Quantitative studies rely on numerical or measurable data. In contrast

-Quantitative data tells us how many, how much, or how often in calculations.

-Qualitative observations involve describing something in non-numerical terms, such as its appearance, texture, or color.

-Qualitative questions, meanwhile, give you the details and depth to understand the full implications.

-Qualitative studies rely on personal accounts or documents that illustrate in detail how people think or respond within society.

-Qualitative data can help us to understand why, how, or what happened behind certain behaviors.

-Qualitative data is interpretation-based, descriptive, and relating to language.

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Qualitative research

research is a type of research that explores and provides deeper insights into real-world problems.[1] Instead of collecting numerical data points or intervene or introduce treatments just like in quantitative research, qualitative research helps generate hypotheses as well as further investigate and understand quantitative data. Qualitative research gathers participants' experiences, perceptions, and behavior. It answers the hows and whys instead of how many or how much. It could be structured as a stand-alone study, purely relying on qualitative data or it could be part of mixed-methods research that combines qualitative and quantitative data. This review introduces the readers to some basic concepts, definitions, terminology, and application of qualitative research

Quantitative research

Quantitative research is a research strategy that focuses on quantifying the collection and analysis of data.[1] It is formed from a deductive approach where emphasis is placed on the testing of theory, shaped by empiricist and positivist philosophies.[1]

Associated with the natural, applied, formal, and social sciences this research strategy promotes the objective empirical investigation of observable phenomena to test and understand relationships. This is done through a range of quantifying methods and techniques, reflecting on its broad utilization as a research strategy across differing academic disciplines.[2][3][There are several situations where quantitative research may not be the most appropriate or effective method to use

Quantitative data is numbers-based, countable, or measurable. Qualitative data is interpretation-based, descriptive, and relating to language.

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Qualitative research focuses on gathering non-numerical data, such as opinions, feelings, and motivations. It aims to understand the underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations behind behaviors. This type of research often involves methods like interviews, focus groups, and observations to gather rich, descriptive data.

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While both share the primary aim of knowledge acquisition, quantitative research is numeric and objective, seeking to answer questions like when or where. One the other hand, Qualitative research is concerned with subjective phenomena that can't be numerically measured, like how different people experience grief.

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●QUALITATIVE research focuses in understanding a research query as a humanistic or idealistic approach. Though quantitative approach is a more reliable method as it is based upon numeric and methods that can be made objectively and propagated by other researchers. Qualitative method is used to understand people's beliefs, experiences, attitudes, behavior, and interactions. It generates non-numerical data. The integration of qualitative research into intervention studies is a research strategy that is gaining increased attention across disciplines. Although once viewed as philosophically incongruent with experimental research, qualitative research is now recognized for its ability to add a new dimension to interventional studies that cannot be obtained through measurement of variables alone.[1] Qualitative research was initially used in psychological studies when researchers found it tedious to evaluate human behavior in numeric. Since then, qualitative research is used in other research fields as well. In clinical research, qualitative approach can help view the data more extensively. It strengthens clinical trials by enhancing user involvement in it. Qualitative research can have a major contribution in health research

●QUANTITATIVE research, in contrast to qualitative research, deals with data that are numerical or that can be converted into numbers. The basic methods used to investigate numerical data are called ‘statistics’. Statistical techniques are concerned with the organisation, analysis, interpretation and presentation of numerical data. Statistics is a huge area of study with wide application across many disciplines, including information systems and other areas of information research. With the advent of computers, and particularly personal computers, the statistical processes to handle and analyse data have become more accessible. However, there is a danger that analysis may be performed on data without an understanding of the appropriate statistical tests to use and how they should be applied. The aim of this chapter is to provide a basis for decisions about data preparation and analysis and how the results of analysis should be interpreted and reported.

The chapter explains processes and methods used in data preparation and analysis of data, using descriptive and inferential statistics. A dataset containing data of student usage of a project management website is used to illustrate the concepts covered. A number of the most common statistical tests are introduced and applied to the dataset.

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Quantitative research and qualitative research are two distinct methodologies used in the field of research, each with its own set of characteristics and approaches. Quantitative research involves the collection and analysis of numerical data to answer research questions or test hypotheses. This type of research typically relies on statistical techniques to interpret data and draw conclusions, aiming for objectivity and generalizability. It often utilizes structured instruments such as surveys or experiments to gather data from large samples. In contrast, qualitative research focuses on exploring and understanding phenomena in depth through non-numerical data such as interviews, observations, or textual analysis. Qualitative research emphasizes context, meaning, and subjective interpretation, aiming for rich, detailed insights rather than generalizable findings. Unlike quantitative research, qualitative research is often iterative and flexible, allowing researchers to adapt their methods as new insights emerge. While quantitative research provides numerical data for statistical analysis, qualitative research offers a deeper understanding of complex social phenomena through detailed narratives and interpretations. Both methodologies have their strengths and limitations, and the choice between them depends on the research questions, objectives, and context.

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Qualitative and quantitative data are the two main categories in research, encompassing a wide range of methods and approaches to inquiry. Quantitative research is concerned with objective, numeric data, seeking to answer questions that can be measured numerically, such as when or where. In contrast, qualitative research is concerned with subjective phenomena, such as human experiences and emotions, that cannot be measured numerically.

Having a strong grounding in both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies is essential, particularly when working on your dissertation or thesis towards the end of your academic program. With a solid understanding of these methodologies, you will be better equipped to choose the most appropriate approach for your research question, and to conduct rigorous research that yields meaningful insights.

When working on your dissertation or thesis, it is crucial to collaborate closely with your Dissertation Chair to determine which approach best aligns with your research question. This process may involve conducting a literature review, refining your research question, and choosing appropriate research methods and tools. By working closely with your Dissertation Chair and building a deep understanding of qualitative and quantitative research methodologies, you will be well-positioned to conduct research that makes a valuable contribution to your field.

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Quantitative and Qualitative Research offer ways to gather information each bringing benefits and applications. Quantitative Research relies on statistical data analysis techniques, such as surveys conducted among a population. On the other hand, Qualitative Research delves into individuals experiences and behaviors through methods like interviews, group discussions and observations. To capture narrative data, while Quantitative Research yields results, to many Qualitative Research offers a deeper more personalized insight into specific cases or issues. Both approaches contribute to an understanding of research subjects. It's essential for students to choose the approach that aligns with their study objectives and the nature of the data they want. To make it more simple, Qunatitatve Research wants to show the wide results of the data that they get from surveys. While Qualitative Research values the experiences and the knowledge on the information that they wish to receive. They interview subjects in order to receive more accurate information on their topics and give deeper questions that correlate closer to their topics. But both of these Research Styles have cons of their owns, like Quantitative Research having only general data from surveyors, and Qualitative Research taking more time to gather information from more people, so it is important for Researchers to know which research style would be great for them.

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Quantitative research involves collecting and analyzing and the numerical data that was collected and the data that was collected is used to make events that might happen or hypothesis and find patterns, test causal relationships to find the factor that caused the event, it follows a systematic structure that uses a defined variable or defined variables. It uses statistical analysis to test hypotheses. Scientists use quantitative research. Biologist, psychologist, chemist, and sociologist use quantitative research to observe and analyze a phenomena,that can pin point the purpose of a research and the affects that it may or may not cause to an individual's life.

Qualitative research involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data, like videos, audio, and text to understand opinions, concepts and experiences. It is a type of naturalistic study because it aims to understand processes and menings that are social, it can be used for gathering in-depth insights. It aims to understand complex and difficult phenomena by asking and examining the beliefs and attitudes of those individuals in their natural environment and setting. It is an open-ended research because it aims to understand the experiences and opions of others. In conclusion, quantitative research explores and helps researchers to understand the opinion of others on a certain topic.

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Quantitative research focuses on numerical data analysis to understand patterns and trends, aiming for objectivity and generalizability through statistical methods. On the other hand, qualitative research delves into non-numerical data to explore the meaning and context behind phenomena, prioritizing depth and understanding of human behavior. While quantitative research emphasizes measurement and statistical analysis, qualitative research prioritizes rich insights and understanding within natural settings.

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Qualitative research and Quantitative research are two distinctive types of research. While qualitative research focuses on an exploratory approach focused on gaining a deep understanding of a phenomenon, quantitative research, on the other hand, concerns the collection and analysis of numerical data. Qualitative research It employs non-numerical data such as interviews, observations, and open-ended surveys to explore the complexities of human behaviour, attitudes, and experiences. This method is ideal for uncovering nuanced insights that quantitative methods might overlook. On the other hand, Quantitative research employs structured surveys, experiments, and statistical analyses to identify patterns, relationships, and trends within a large dataset. It provides a more objective and measurable approach to research, making it suitable for studies where numerical data is paramount. It is important to know when and what kind of methodology to use. Choosing the right research methodology is a multifaceted decision that requires a thoughtful examination of several critical factors. These factors collectively shape the trajectory of your research and contribute significantly to the reliability and validity of your findings.

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Qualitative research is a methodological approach used in social sciences and other fields to explore and understand complex phenomena by examining subjective experiences, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors through techniques like interviews, observations, and content analysis. It focuses on generating in-depth insights and understanding rather than numerical data.

Quantitative research is a systematic investigation method that relies on numerical data and statistical analysis to understand, describe, and predict phenomena. It involves collecting data through structured methods such as surveys, experiments, or observations, and then analyzing the data using statistical techniques to identify patterns, trends, and relationships.

Qualitative and quantitative research are two distinct methodologies used in the field of research, each with its own unique characteristics and objectives. Qualitative research focuses on exploring and understanding complex phenomena through in-depth analysis of subjective experiences, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. It employs techniques such as interviews, observations, and content analysis to gather rich, descriptive data that provide insights into the underlying meanings and contexts of the studied phenomena. In contrast, quantitative research involves the collection and analysis of numerical data to describe, measure, and predict phenomena using statistical methods. Surveys, experiments, and observations with structured protocols are common tools in quantitative research, enabling researchers to identify patterns, trends, and relationships within the data. While qualitative research aims for depth and understanding, quantitative research emphasizes objectivity, generalizability, and the ability to make statistical inferences. Despite their differences, both methodologies play crucial roles in advancing knowledge and understanding in various fields of study.

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QUALITATIVE

● Qualitative research is a methodical instigative approch aimed at comprehending and interpreting the intricacies of human experiences, behaviors, and phenomena through non-numerical data. It involves the collection of rich, in depth information using techniques such as interviews, observations, or textual analysis to explore underlying meanings, patterns, and themes quantitative research which prioritizes numerical measurements and statistical analysis qualitative research focuses on understanding the context and complexity of the subject under study. Researchers engage in a process of immersion, often spending extended periods observing or interacting with participants to capture the nuances of their perspectives and lived experiances.

QUANTITATIVE

● Quantitative research is a systematic investigative approach focused on collecting and analyzing numerical data to uncover patterns, trends, and relationships within a specific population or phenomenon. It employs structured methods of data collection, such as surveys, experiments, or observations, to gather precise measurements and quantitative Information. The data obtained in quantitative research is subjected to statistical analysis to identify correlations, associations, or causality between variable. This method emphasizes objectivity, reliability, and replicability l, as researchers aim to draw conclusions based on empirical evidence rather than subjective interpretation.

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Write a 1 paragraph essay (10 sentences minimum) discussing the difference between quantitative research and qualitative research. Include your references below

Quantitative research and qualitative research represent two distinct approaches to investigating phenomena in the social sciences, each with its own methodologies and techniques. Quantitative research focuses on collecting numerical data and employs statistical analysis to uncover patterns, relationships, and trends within a population. It typically utilizes structured instruments such as surveys, experiments, or observations with predetermined variables to gather data that can be quantified and analyzed objectively. In contrast, qualitative research delves into the depth and context of human experiences, aiming to understand the underlying meanings, motivations, and perspectives of individuals or groups. It relies on non-numerical data such as interviews, focus groups, or textual analysis to capture rich, nuanced insights that may not be easily quantifiable. While quantitative research seeks to generalize findings to a larger population through statistical inference, qualitative research prioritizes the exploration of specific contexts and subjective interpretations. Both methodologies offer valuable contributions to the social sciences, providing complementary perspectives and insights into human behavior and societal phenomena.

References:

1. Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.

2. Bryman, A. (2016). Social research methods. Oxford University Press.

DEFINITION OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE.

Quantitative research involves the collection and analysis of numerical data to understand phenomena and relationships. It often employs statistical methods and structured instruments such as surveys or experiments to measure variables and test hypotheses. Quantitative research aims to generalize findings to a larger population and emphasizes objectivity and replicability.

Qualitative research, on the other hand, focuses on exploring and understanding the depth and complexity of human experiences, behaviors, and perspectives. It relies on non-numerical data such as interviews, observations, and textual analysis to capture rich, context-dependent insights. Qualitative research prioritizes subjective interpretations, context, and the researcher's reflexivity, aiming to provide detailed understandings of specific phenomena or contexts.

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QUANTITATIVE

Quantitative research is a formal,objective and systematic precess for generating information about the world. It is conducted to describe new situations,events or concepts. This is a orderly way of dealing with a research problem where variables are generally studied in numerical or wuantitative form.

Quantitative methods emphasize objective measurements and the statistical,mathematical or numerical analysis of data collected through polls,questionnaires,and surveys,or by manipulating pre-existing statistical data using computational techniques.

QUALITATIVE

Qualitative research is a type of research that aims to gather and analyse non-numerical data in order to gain an understanding of individuals social reality,including understanding their attitudes,beliefs,and motivation.

Qualitative research is collecting analyzing,and interpreting data by observing what people do and say. Qualitative research refers to the meanings,concepts,definitions,characteristics,

metaphor's,symbols,and decription of things.

Qualitative research is subjective and uses very different methods of collecting information,including individual,indepth interview and focus groups.

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE

While both share the primary aim of knowledge acquisition,quantitative research is numeric and objective,seeking to answer questions. On the other hand,qualitative research is concerned with subjective phenomena that can't be numerically measured,like how different people experience grief.