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1. How common is this genetic disorder?

About 1 : 18,000 to 20,000 individuals have a kind of albinism in America. (HUMANS)

In different places globally, an individual having albinism can be as high as 1: 3,000. (HUMANS)

https://albinism.org/information-bulletin-what-is-albinism/#:~:text=In%20the%20U.S.%2C%20approximately%20one,typical%20for%20their%20ethnic%20backgrounds.

(Adrianna Nawracaj)

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Albinism is the result of cells that can't produce melanin, the pigment needed to color skin, scales, eyes and hair which can occurs in also Animales just as much in humans

Iowadnr.gov

Albinism can lead to skin cancer and severe visual impairment.

https://www.ohchr.org/en/get-involved/people-with-albinism#:~:text=%E2%80%9CDid%20you%20Know%3F%E2%80%9D%20Facts,regardless%20of%20ethnicity%20or%20gender.&text=can%20lead%20to%20skin%20cancer,used%20in%20a%20derogatory%20way.

-Joyce

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Albinism is a rare genetic disorder that causes the amount of melanin to be low. Because of this, people with the disorder have very light characteristics. These include pale skin, blond hair, and light colored eyes such as blue or green. Their eyes suffer through something called nystagmus. This is when their eyes rotate to keep the world in clear vision. Because they are sensitive to light, they can’t see as well as we do and this method only makes it worse to see their surroundings. Some symptoms of albinism can be nystagmus, a lazy eyes and vision problems. Most of their health problems have to do with their skin and eyes as the low amounts of melanin leave them more prone to such things.

-Varshini Vikranth.

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What is the genotype for people with this condition?

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What is the genotype for people with this condition?

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Genotype: TYR:OCA2:TYRP1:SLC45A2

-Albinism is recessive

-Albinism is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern which means both copies of a gene in each cell have variants.

-Albinism is Complete dominance.

-Gene that is affected- TYR

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1200472-overview?form=fpf

-Ava Citron

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How is this condition passed from one generation to the next?

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How is this condition passed from one generation to the next?

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Vineela Kanala

1. Is it sex-linked?

Albinism is not sex-linked and instead has autosomal recessive alleles which means that the child has one mutated copy from each parent.

2. What genotype would parents need to have to pass

on the trait?

The parents both have a mutated allele which means that the parents either have to be homozygous recessive and heterozygous, both heterozygous, or both homozygous recessive for the offspring to have a chance of inheriting albinism.

ex- Aa x aa, Aa x Aa, aa x aa https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/albinism/#:~:text=In%20all%20types%20of%20OCA,parent)%20to%20have%20the%20condition.

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Are certain groups of people more likely to inherit albinism?

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Are certain groups of people more likely to inherit albinism?

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For oculocutaneous albinism (autosomal recessive pattern).

Type 2 is seen more often in African Americans, some Native American groups, and sub-Saharan African individuals.

Type 3 is seen more often in individuals from Southern Africa.

Type 4 is seen more often in individuals from Japan and Korea.

(Adrianna Nawracaj)

https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/oculocutaneous-albinism/#frequency