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when a text references another external text, person, place or thing

Ex. "Barbie Doll"

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Definition: The deeper meaning behind the story etc.

Example: "So she cut off her nose and her legs and offered them up" (Piercy 17-18).

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the term is Hyperbole

a hyperbole is an exaggeration not to be taken laterally

"so she cut off her nose and her legs and offered them up"(Piercy 17)

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projects human qualities onto inanimate objects

Ex. "These hips, they go where they want to go" (Clifton 9).

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Two things being shown together compared in contrast.

"For every loved child, a child broken, bagged, and sunk in a lake" (Smith 9-10).

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The repetition a word or phrase for the purpose of building rhythm, drama, intensity, or emphasis

Ex: Good Bones

"Life is short, though I keep this from my children" (Smith 1).

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definition: the person or object that is sharing their thoughts, feelings, and what is happening in the poem

example: In the poem "Mirror" by Sylvia Plath, the mirror is the speaker because it tells the story and insecurities through it's eyes.

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definition: a series of words or phrases separated by commas, WITH NO conjunction

example: Life is short, and I've shortened mine in a thousand delicious, ill-advised ways, a thousand deliciously ill-advised ways I'll keep from my children.

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Definition: the author's or narrator's attitude toward the subject matter or audience

Example: In the poem "homage to my hips" the tone is confidence.

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the repetition of a word or phrase at the end of a sentence

Ex. From Good Bones "il-advised ways" (Smith 3-4).

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Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds. An example of assonance from the poem, Crash by Elizabeth Alexander is "O race. O ye of little faith" (12 Alexander).

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a series of items separated by no commas and several conjunctions

Ex. "Born as usual and presented dolls that did pee-pee and miniature GE stoves and irons and wee lipsticks the color of cherry candy" (Piercy 1-4).

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When the same letter sound repeated multiple times.

Wrinkled as a waved whelk shell (Olds 12).

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Definition: direct comparison that does not use like or as and is meant to not be taken literally

Ex. "Now I am a lake" (Plath 10).

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Imagery is a form of visually descriptive or figurative language commonly found in literary works.

An example of imagery is in "Bathing the Newborn" by Sharon Olds. The speaker (mom) gave us a visual description of holding her baby "I laid the little torso along my left forearm, nape of the neck in the crook of my elbow, hips nearly as small as a least tern's hips against my wrist, thigh held loosely in the loop of thumb and forefinger, the sign that means exactly right" (Olds 4).